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University Physics Volume 2

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University Physics Volume 2Index
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Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. Thermodynamics
    1. 1 Temperature and Heat
      1. Introduction
      2. 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
      3. 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
      4. 1.3 Thermal Expansion
      5. 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
      6. 1.5 Phase Changes
      7. 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    2. 2 The Kinetic Theory of Gases
      1. Introduction
      2. 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
      3. 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
      4. 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
      5. 2.4 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
      6. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    3. 3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
      1. Introduction
      2. 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
      3. 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
      4. 3.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
      5. 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
      6. 3.5 Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas
      7. 3.6 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    4. 4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
      1. Introduction
      2. 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
      3. 4.2 Heat Engines
      4. 4.3 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps
      5. 4.4 Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
      6. 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
      7. 4.6 Entropy
      8. 4.7 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
  3. Electricity and Magnetism
    1. 5 Electric Charges and Fields
      1. Introduction
      2. 5.1 Electric Charge
      3. 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
      4. 5.3 Coulomb's Law
      5. 5.4 Electric Field
      6. 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
      7. 5.6 Electric Field Lines
      8. 5.7 Electric Dipoles
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
    2. 6 Gauss's Law
      1. Introduction
      2. 6.1 Electric Flux
      3. 6.2 Explaining Gauss’s Law
      4. 6.3 Applying Gauss’s Law
      5. 6.4 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
      6. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    3. 7 Electric Potential
      1. Introduction
      2. 7.1 Electric Potential Energy
      3. 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
      4. 7.3 Calculations of Electric Potential
      5. 7.4 Determining Field from Potential
      6. 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
      7. 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    4. 8 Capacitance
      1. Introduction
      2. 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
      3. 8.2 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
      4. 8.3 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
      5. 8.4 Capacitor with a Dielectric
      6. 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
      7. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    5. 9 Current and Resistance
      1. Introduction
      2. 9.1 Electrical Current
      3. 9.2 Model of Conduction in Metals
      4. 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance
      5. 9.4 Ohm's Law
      6. 9.5 Electrical Energy and Power
      7. 9.6 Superconductors
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    6. 10 Direct-Current Circuits
      1. Introduction
      2. 10.1 Electromotive Force
      3. 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
      4. 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
      5. 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
      6. 10.5 RC Circuits
      7. 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    7. 11 Magnetic Forces and Fields
      1. Introduction
      2. 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
      3. 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
      4. 11.3 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
      5. 11.4 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor
      6. 11.5 Force and Torque on a Current Loop
      7. 11.6 The Hall Effect
      8. 11.7 Applications of Magnetic Forces and Fields
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    8. 12 Sources of Magnetic Fields
      1. Introduction
      2. 12.1 The Biot-Savart Law
      3. 12.2 Magnetic Field Due to a Thin Straight Wire
      4. 12.3 Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Currents
      5. 12.4 Magnetic Field of a Current Loop
      6. 12.5 Ampère’s Law
      7. 12.6 Solenoids and Toroids
      8. 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    9. 13 Electromagnetic Induction
      1. Introduction
      2. 13.1 Faraday’s Law
      3. 13.2 Lenz's Law
      4. 13.3 Motional Emf
      5. 13.4 Induced Electric Fields
      6. 13.5 Eddy Currents
      7. 13.6 Electric Generators and Back Emf
      8. 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    10. 14 Inductance
      1. Introduction
      2. 14.1 Mutual Inductance
      3. 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors
      4. 14.3 Energy in a Magnetic Field
      5. 14.4 RL Circuits
      6. 14.5 Oscillations in an LC Circuit
      7. 14.6 RLC Series Circuits
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    11. 15 Alternating-Current Circuits
      1. Introduction
      2. 15.1 AC Sources
      3. 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
      4. 15.3 RLC Series Circuits with AC
      5. 15.4 Power in an AC Circuit
      6. 15.5 Resonance in an AC Circuit
      7. 15.6 Transformers
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    12. 16 Electromagnetic Waves
      1. Introduction
      2. 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
      3. 16.2 Plane Electromagnetic Waves
      4. 16.3 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves
      5. 16.4 Momentum and Radiation Pressure
      6. 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
      7. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
  4. A | Units
  5. B | Conversion Factors
  6. C | Fundamental Constants
  7. D | Astronomical Data
  8. E | Mathematical Formulas
  9. F | Chemistry
  10. G | The Greek Alphabet
  11. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
  12. Index
A
absolute temperature scale 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
absolute zero 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
ac current 15.1 AC Sources
ac voltage 15.1 AC Sources
Adiabatic compressions 3.6 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas
adiabatic expansion 3.6 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas
adiabatic process 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
Alternating current (ac) 15.1 AC Sources
amber 5.1 Electric Charge
ammeter 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
ampere 9.1 Electrical Current, 12.3 Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Currents
Ampère 9.1 Electrical Current, 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
Ampère’s law 12.5 Ampère’s Law
analog meter 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
anode 10.1 Electromotive Force
Arago 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
area vector 6.1 Electric Flux
Aurorae 11.3 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
average power 15.4 Power in an AC Circuit
Avogadro 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
Avogadro’s number 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
B
back emf 13.6 Electric Generators and Back Emf
bandwidth 15.5 Resonance in an AC Circuit
Bardeen 9.6 Superconductors
battery 10.1 Electromotive Force
Battery testers 10.1 Electromotive Force
BCS theory 9.6 Superconductors
Bernoulli 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
Biot 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
Biot-Savart law 12.1 The Biot-Savart Law
Bluetooth 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Boltzmann 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
Boltzmann constant 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
boundary 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
Boyle 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
Boyle’s law 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
braking systems 13.5 Eddy Currents
C
calorie 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
calorimeter 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
calorimetry 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
camera flashes 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors
capacitance 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
capacitive reactance 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
capacitor 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance, 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
Carnot 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
Carnot cycle 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
Carnot engine 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
Carnot’s principle 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
cathode 10.1 Electromotive Force
Cell membranes 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
Cell phone 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Celsius scale 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
Chadwick 5.1 Electric Charge
charging by induction 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
Charles 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
Charles’s law 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
circuit 9.1 Electrical Current
Clausius 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
closed system 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
coaxial cable 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance, 14.3 Energy in a Magnetic Field, 12 Problems
coefficient of linear expansion 1.3 Thermal Expansion
coefficient of performance 4.3 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps
coefficient of volume expansion 1.3 Thermal Expansion
cold reservoir 4.2 Heat Engines
Comet McNaught Introduction
comets 16.4 Momentum and Radiation Pressure
commutator 11.5 Force and Torque on a Current Loop
compass needle 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
condensation 1.5 Phase Changes
conduction 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
conduction electron 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
conductor 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
constant-volume gas thermometer 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
continuous charge distribution 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
convection 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
conventional current 9.1 Electrical Current
Cooper 9.6 Superconductors
Cooper pairs 9.6 Superconductors
cosmic rays 11.3 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
coulomb 5.1 Electric Charge, 5.1 Electric Charge, 12.3 Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Currents
Coulomb force 5.3 Coulomb's Law
credit card 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
critical point 1.5 Phase Changes
Critical pressure 1.5 Phase Changes
critical temperature 1.5 Phase Changes, 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas, 9.6 Superconductors
current density 9.2 Model of Conduction in Metals
cyclic process 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
cyclotron 11.7 Applications of Magnetic Forces and Fields
cylindrical symmetry 6.3 Applying Gauss’s Law
D
dalton 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas, 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
Dalton’s law of partial pressures 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
Davy 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
Debye 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
Debye temperature 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
dees 11.7 Applications of Magnetic Forces and Fields
defibrillator 8.3 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
degree Celsius 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
degree Fahrenheit 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
degree of freedom 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
density of water 1.3 Thermal Expansion
Diamagnetic materials 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
dielectric 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
dielectric breakdown 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
dielectric constant 8.4 Capacitor with a Dielectric
dielectric strength 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors, 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
diesel cycle 4 Challenge Problems
digital meter 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
Digital signal processing 14.1 Mutual Inductance
diode 9.4 Ohm's Law
dipole 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
dipole antenna 16.2 Plane Electromagnetic Waves
dipole moment 5.7 Electric Dipoles
Direct current (dc) 15.1 AC Sources
disorder 4.7 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale
displacement current 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
drift velocity 9.2 Model of Conduction in Metals
dry ice 1.5 Phase Changes
E
eddy current 13.5 Eddy Currents
efficiency (e) 4.2 Heat Engines
electric charge 5.1 Electric Charge
electric dipole 7.3 Calculations of Electric Potential
electric dipole moment 7.3 Calculations of Electric Potential
electric field 5.4 Electric Field
electric flux 6.1 Electric Flux, 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
electric force 5.1 Electric Charge
electric potential 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
electric potential difference 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
electric power 9.5 Electrical Energy and Power
electrical conductivity 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance
electrical current 9.1 Electrical Current
electrical potential energy 7.1 Electric Potential Energy
electrolytic capacitor 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
electromotive force (emf) 10.1 Electromotive Force
electron 5.1 Electric Charge
electron-volt 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
electrostatic attraction 5.1 Electric Charge
electrostatic force 5.3 Coulomb's Law
electrostatic precipitators 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
electrostatic repulsion 5.1 Electric Charge
electrostatics 5.3 Coulomb's Law
emf 13.1 Faraday’s Law
emissivity 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
energy conservation 3.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
energy density 8.3 Energy Stored in a Capacitor, 16.3 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves
energy flux 16.3 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves
entropy 4.6 Entropy
entropy statement of the second law of thermodynamics 4.6 Entropy
environment 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
equation of state 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
equilibrium 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
equipartition theorem 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
equipotential line 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
equipotential surface 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
equivalent resistance 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
escape velocity 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
evaporation 1.5 Phase Changes
expansion joints 1.3 Thermal Expansion
extensive variable 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
F
Fahrenheit scale 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
farad 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
Faraday 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance, 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries, 13.1 Faraday’s Law
Faraday’s law 14.1 Mutual Inductance
ferromagnetic material 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
field line 5.6 Electric Field Lines
field line density 5.6 Electric Field Lines
first law of thermodynamics 3.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
flash camera 10.5 RC Circuits
flux 6.1 Electric Flux
forced convection 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Franklin 5.1 Electric Charge, 9.1 Electrical Current
free electrons 6.4 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
freezing 1.5 Phase Changes
freezing of water 1.3 Thermal Expansion
G
gamma ray ( γ γ ray) 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Gauss Introduction, 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
Gaussian surface 6.2 Explaining Gauss’s Law
Gay-Lussac’s law 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
generators 13.6 Electric Generators and Back Emf
giant magnetoresistance 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries, 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
Gilbert 5.1 Electric Charge
gradient 7.4 Determining Field from Potential
greenhouse effect 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
ground fault circuit interrupter 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
grounding 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
H
half-wave antenna 16.2 Plane Electromagnetic Waves
Hall 11.6 The Hall Effect
Hall effect 11.6 The Hall Effect
hard drives 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
heat 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
heat engine 4.2 Heat Engines
heat of fusion 1.5 Phase Changes
heat of sublimation 1.5 Phase Changes
heat of vaporization 1.5 Phase Changes
heat pump 4.3 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps, 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
heat transfer 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
helical motion 11.3 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
Henry 14.1 Mutual Inductance
henry (H) 14.1 Mutual Inductance
Hertz 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
hot reservoir 4.2 Heat Engines
hybrid vehicles 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
hysteresis 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
I
ideal gas 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
ideal gas law 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
impedance 15.3 RLC Series Circuits with AC
induced dipole 5.7 Electric Dipoles
induced electric field 13.4 Induced Electric Fields
induced electric-dipole moment 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
induced electrical field 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
induced emf 13.1 Faraday’s Law
induced surface charges 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
Inductance 14.1 Mutual Inductance
inductive reactance 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
inductive time constant 14.4 RL Circuits
inductor 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors, 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
infinite plane 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
infinite straight wire 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
infrared radiation 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
ink jet printer 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
insulation 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
insulator 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
intensity 16.3 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves
intensive variable 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
internal combustion engine 4.2 Heat Engines
internal energy 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry, 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed, 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
internal resistance 10.1 Electromotive Force
ion 5.1 Electric Charge
irreversibility 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
irreversible process 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
isentropic 4.7 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale
isobaric process 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
isochoric process 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
isothermal expansion 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
isothermal process 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
J
Josephson junction 9.6 Superconductors
Joule 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
junction rule 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
K
Kamerlingh Onnes 9.6 Superconductors
Kelvin scale 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
Kelvin statement of the second law of thermodynamics 4.4 Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
kilocalorie 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
kinetic theory of gases 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
Kirchhoff 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
Kirchhoff’s rules 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
L
laser printer 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
latent heat coefficient 1.5 Phase Changes
law of conservation of charge 5.1 Electric Charge
Law of Dulong and Petit 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
LC circuit 14.5 Oscillations in an LC Circuit
lead acid battery 10.1 Electromotive Force
Lenz 13.2 Lenz's Law
Lenz’s law 13.2 Lenz's Law
Leyden jar 5.1 Electric Charge
light sail 16.4 Momentum and Radiation Pressure
lightning rod 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
linear charge density 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
loop rule 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
Lorentz force equation 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
M
magnetic damping 13.5 Eddy Currents, 13.5 Eddy Currents
magnetic dipole 11.5 Force and Torque on a Current Loop
magnetic dipole moment 11.5 Force and Torque on a Current Loop
magnetic domains 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
magnetic energy density 14.3 Energy in a Magnetic Field
magnetic field lines 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
magnetic flux 13.1 Faraday’s Law
magnetic force 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
magnetic monopoles 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
magnetic resonance imaging 12.6 Solenoids and Toroids
magnetic susceptibility 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
mass spectrometer 11.7 Applications of Magnetic Forces and Fields
Maxwell 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy, 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution 2.4 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
Maxwell’s equations 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
mean free path 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
mean free time 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
mechanical equivalent of heat 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
Meissner effect 9.6 Superconductors
melting 1.5 Phase Changes
metal detectors 13.5 Eddy Currents, 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors
microwaves 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
molar heat capacity at constant pressure 3.5 Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas
molar heat capacity at constant volume 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy, 3.5 Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas
mole 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
most probable speed 2.4 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
motionally induced emf 13.3 Motional Emf
Motors 11.5 Force and Torque on a Current Loop
multi-loop circuit 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
mutual inductance (M) 14.1 Mutual Inductance
N
natural convection 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
net rate of heat transfer by radiation 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
neutron 5.1 Electric Charge
non-quasi-static processes 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
nonohmic 9.4 Ohm's Law
normal vector 6.1 Electric Flux
north magnetic pole 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
nucleus 5.1 Electric Charge
O
Oersted 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
ohm 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance, 9.4 Ohm's Law
Ohm’s law 9.4 Ohm's Law, 9.4 Ohm's Law
ohmic 9.4 Ohm's Law
ohmmeter 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
open system 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
Otto cycle 4 Challenge Problems
P
pacemaker 10.5 RC Circuits
parallel circuit 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
parallel combination 8.2 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
parallel-plate capacitor 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
paramagnetic material 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
partial pressure 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
peak speed 2.4 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
perfect engine 4.4 Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
perfect refrigerator 4.4 Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
permanent dipole 5.7 Electric Dipoles
permeability of free space 12.1 The Biot-Savart Law
permittivity of free space 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
permittivity of vacuum 5.3 Coulomb's Law
phase angle 15.3 RLC Series Circuits with AC
phase diagram 1.5 Phase Changes
phase transition 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
Phase transitions 1.5 Phase Changes
phasor diagrams 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
photoconductor 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
pinch effect 12.3 Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Currents
planar symmetry 6.3 Applying Gauss’s Law
polarization 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction, 6.4 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
potential difference 10.1 Electromotive Force
potential drop 10.1 Electromotive Force, 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
power factor 15.4 Power in an AC Circuit
Power plants 4.2 Heat Engines
Poynting vector 16.3 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves
principle of superposition 5.3 Coulomb's Law
proton 5.1 Electric Charge
pV diagram 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
Q
quality factor 15.5 Resonance in an AC Circuit
quasi-static process 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy, 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
R
R factor 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
radar 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
radiation 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
radiation pressure 16.4 Momentum and Radiation Pressure
radio waves 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
rail gun 13.3 Motional Emf
rate of conductive heat transfer 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
RC circuit 10.5 RC Circuits
refrigerator 4.3 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps, 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
relative humidity 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
resistance 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance
resistivity 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance
resistor 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
resonant frequency 15.5 Resonance in an AC Circuit
reversible process 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes, 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
right-hand rule 12.2 Magnetic Field Due to a Thin Straight Wire
right-hand rule 2 13.2 Lenz's Law
right-hand rule-1 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
RLC circuit 14.6 RLC Series Circuits
RLC series circuit 15.3 RLC Series Circuits with AC
rms current 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
rms voltage 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
root-mean-square (rms) speed 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
Rutherford 5.1 Electric Charge
S
Savart 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
scalar field 5.4 Electric Field
schematic 9.1 Electrical Current
Schrieffer 9.6 Superconductors
self-inductance 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors
series circuit 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
series combination 8.2 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
shock hazard 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
short circuit 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
smartphone Introduction
Snow Introduction
solar cells 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
solenoid 12.6 Solenoids and Toroids, 13.2 Lenz's Law
south magnetic pole 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
spark chamber 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
specific heat 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
speed of light 16.2 Plane Electromagnetic Waves
spherical symmetry 6.3 Applying Gauss’s Law
SQUID 9.6 Superconductors
standard temperature and pressure (STP) 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
starter motor 9.1 Electrical Current
state functions 3.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
state variable 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
static electricity 5.1 Electric Charge
Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
step-down transformer 15.6 Transformers
step-up transformer 15.6 Transformers
Stirling engine 4.6 Entropy
sublimation 1.5 Phase Changes
superconductivity 9.6 Superconductors
supercritical 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
supercritical fluid 1.5 Phase Changes
superposition 5.4 Electric Field
surface charge density 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
surroundings 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
T
tablet computers 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
television 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
temperature 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
terminal voltage 10.1 Electromotive Force
tesla 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
thermal agitation 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
thermal conductivity 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
thermal energy 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
thermal equilibrium 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium, 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
thermal expansion 1.3 Thermal Expansion
thermal hazard 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
thermal stress 1.3 Thermal Expansion
thermodynamic process 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
thermodynamic system 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
thermodynamic variables 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
thermographs 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Thermometers 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
third law of thermodynamics 4.7 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale
Thomson 5.1 Electric Charge
three-wire system 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
time constant 10.5 RC Circuits
traffic signals 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
transformer 15.6 Transformers
transformer equation 15.6 Transformers
transmission lines 15.6 Transformers
triple point 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales, 1.5 Phase Changes
U
ultraviolet radiation 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
unified atomic mass unit (u) 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
universal gas constant 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
V
Van Allen radiation belts 11.3 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
Van de Graaff generator 7.3 Calculations of Electric Potential, 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
van der Waals 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
van der Waals equation of state 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
van der Waals gas 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
vapor 1.5 Phase Changes
vapor pressure 1.5 Phase Changes, 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
variable air capacitor 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
vector field 5.4 Electric Field
velocity selector 11.6 The Hall Effect
Visible light 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
volt (V) 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
Volta 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
voltage 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
voltaic pile 10.1 Electromotive Force
voltmeter 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
volume charge density 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
W
weber 13.1 Faraday’s Law
WiFi 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
work 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
working substance 4.2 Heat Engines
X
X-ray 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
xerography 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
Y
Young 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
Z
zeroth law of thermodynamics 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium, 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
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