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Microbiology

Index

MicrobiologyIndex
Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. 1 An Invisible World
    1. Introduction
    2. 1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
    3. 1.2 A Systematic Approach
    4. 1.3 Types of Microorganisms
    5. Summary
    6. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  3. 2 How We See the Invisible World
    1. Introduction
    2. 2.1 The Properties of Light
    3. 2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
    4. 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
    5. 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  4. 3 The Cell
    1. Introduction
    2. 3.1 Spontaneous Generation
    3. 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
    4. 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
    5. 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  5. 4 Prokaryotic Diversity
    1. Introduction
    2. 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
    3. 4.2 Proteobacteria
    4. 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
    5. 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
    6. 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
    7. 4.6 Archaea
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  6. 5 The Eukaryotes of Microbiology
    1. Introduction
    2. 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
    3. 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
    4. 5.3 Fungi
    5. 5.4 Algae
    6. 5.5 Lichens
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  7. 6 Acellular Pathogens
    1. Introduction
    2. 6.1 Viruses
    3. 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
    4. 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
    5. 6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  8. 7 Microbial Biochemistry
    1. Introduction
    2. 7.1 Organic Molecules
    3. 7.2 Carbohydrates
    4. 7.3 Lipids
    5. 7.4 Proteins
    6. 7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Matching
      4. Fill in the Blank
      5. Short Answer
      6. Critical Thinking
  9. 8 Microbial Metabolism
    1. Introduction
    2. 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
    3. 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
    4. 8.3 Cellular Respiration
    5. 8.4 Fermentation
    6. 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
    7. 8.6 Photosynthesis
    8. 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
    9. Summary
    10. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Matching
      4. Fill in the Blank
      5. Short Answer
      6. Critical Thinking
  10. 9 Microbial Growth
    1. Introduction
    2. 9.1 How Microbes Grow
    3. 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
    4. 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
    5. 9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
    6. 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
    7. 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  11. 10 Biochemistry of the Genome
    1. Introduction
    2. 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
    3. 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
    4. 10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
    5. 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Matching
      4. Fill in the Blank
      5. Short Answer
      6. Critical Thinking
  12. 11 Mechanisms of Microbial Genetics
    1. Introduction
    2. 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
    3. 11.2 DNA Replication
    4. 11.3 RNA Transcription
    5. 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
    6. 11.5 Mutations
    7. 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
    8. 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
    9. Summary
    10. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  13. 12 Modern Applications of Microbial Genetics
    1. Introduction
    2. 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
    3. 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
    4. 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
    5. 12.4 Gene Therapy
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  14. 13 Control of Microbial Growth
    1. Introduction
    2. 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
    3. 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
    4. 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
    5. 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  15. 14 Antimicrobial Drugs
    1. Introduction
    2. 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
    3. 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    4. 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
    5. 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
    6. 14.5 Drug Resistance
    7. 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
    8. 14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
    9. Summary
    10. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  16. 15 Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
    1. Introduction
    2. 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
    3. 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
    4. 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
    5. 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  17. 16 Disease and Epidemiology
    1. Introduction
    2. 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
    3. 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
    4. 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
    5. 16.4 Global Public Health
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  18. 17 Innate Nonspecific Host Defenses
    1. Introduction
    2. 17.1 Physical Defenses
    3. 17.2 Chemical Defenses
    4. 17.3 Cellular Defenses
    5. 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
    6. 17.5 Inflammation and Fever
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  19. 18 Adaptive Specific Host Defenses
    1. Introduction
    2. 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
    3. 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
    4. 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
    5. 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
    6. 18.5 Vaccines
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  20. 19 Diseases of the Immune System
    1. Introduction
    2. 19.1 Hypersensitivities
    3. 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
    4. 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
    5. 19.4 Immunodeficiency
    6. 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  21. 20 Laboratory Analysis of the Immune Response
    1. Introduction
    2. 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
    3. 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
    4. 20.3 Agglutination Assays
    5. 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
    6. 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  22. 21 Skin and Eye Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
    3. 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
    4. 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
    5. 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
    6. 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  23. 22 Respiratory System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
    3. 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
    4. 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
    5. 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  24. 23 Urogenital System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
    3. 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
    4. 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
    5. 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
    6. 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
    7. 23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  25. 24 Digestive System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
    3. 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
    4. 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    5. 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    6. 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    7. 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  26. 25 Circulatory and Lymphatic System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    3. 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    4. 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    5. 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  27. 26 Nervous System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
    3. 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
    4. 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
    5. 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  28. A | Fundamentals of Physics and Chemistry Important to Microbiology
  29. B | Mathematical Basics
  30. C | Metabolic Pathways
  31. D | Taxonomy of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms
  32. E | Glossary
  33. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
    17. Chapter 17
    18. Chapter 18
    19. Chapter 19
    20. Chapter 20
    21. Chapter 21
    22. Chapter 22
    23. Chapter 23
    24. Chapter 24
    25. Chapter 25
    26. Chapter 26
  34. Index
Symbols
+ssRNA 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
3-PGA 8.6 Photosynthesis
3-phosphoglycerate 8.6 Photosynthesis
454 sequencing (pyrosequencing) 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
5’ cap 11.3 RNA Transcription
70S ribosome 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
70S ribosomes 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
80S ribosomes 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
α carbon 7.4 Proteins
α-helix 7.4 Proteins
α-Toxin 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
β-lactam 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
β-lactam ring 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance
β-lactamase inhibitors 14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
β-lactamases 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
β-lactams 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
β-oxidation 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
β-pleated sheet 7.4 Proteins
β-propionolactone 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
β2 microglobulin 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
σ factor 11.3 RNA Transcription, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
A
A (aminoacyl) site 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
A-B exotoxin 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
A-B exotoxins 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
A-B toxin 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
A2B5 toxin 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
ABO 20.3 Agglutination Assays
ABO blood group system 19.1 Hypersensitivities
abscess 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
abscesses 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Absorbance 2.1 The Properties of Light
Acanthamoeba 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Acanthamoeba keratitis 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
acellular 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 6.1 Viruses
Acetabularia 5.4 Algae, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
acetone 8.4 Fermentation
acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation 8.4 Fermentation
Acetothermus 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Acetothermus paucivorans 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
acetylation 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
acetylcholine 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
acid fuchsin 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acid-fast bacteria 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acid-fast bacterium 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
acid-fast stain 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acidic dye 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acidophile 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
Acinetobacter baumannii 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance
acne 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 19.4 Immunodeficiency
acridine orange 11.5 Mutations
ActA 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
actin 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
actin tails 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Actinobacteria 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Actinomyces 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Actinomycetes 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
actinomycin 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
activated macrophages 19.1 Hypersensitivities
activation energy 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
activation of B cells 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
activation of cytotoxic T cells 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
activator 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
active carrier 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Active immunity 18.5 Vaccines
active site 7.4 Proteins, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 11.5 Mutations
active transport 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
acute disease 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
acute glomerulonephritis 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute GVHD 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
acute herpes labialis 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
acute inflammation 17.5 Inflammation and Fever
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
acute otitis media 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute phase 20.3 Agglutination Assays
acute rheumatic fever 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute-phase proteins 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
acyclovir 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Adaptive immunity 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Addison disease 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
adefovir 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
adenine 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
adenine-arabinoside 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
adenosine deaminase deficiency 12.4 Gene Therapy
adenosine diphosphate (ADP) 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenosine monophosphate (AMP) 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenovirus 12.4 Gene Therapy, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
adhesin 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
adhesins 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
adhesion 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
adhesion factors 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
adipose tissue 7.3 Lipids
adjuvant 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
adrenal glands 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Aedes 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Aedes aegypti 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, Introduction, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Aedes africanus 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Aedes albopictus 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
aerial filaments 9.1 How Microbes Grow
aerobic respiration 8.3 Cellular Respiration, 8.3 Cellular Respiration
Aeromonas hydrophila 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aerosols 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
aerotolerant anaerobe 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
affinity 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
affinity maturation 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Affirm VPII Microbial Identification Test 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
affitins 4.6 Archaea
aflatoxin 5.3 Fungi, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
African sleeping sickness 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
African trypanosomiasis 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
agar 5.4 Algae, 5.4 Algae
Agarose gel electrophoresis 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
agglutinate 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Agglutination 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
agglutination reactions 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
aggregation 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
AGN 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
agranulocytes 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses
Agrobacterium 4.2 Proteobacteria
Agrobacterium tumefaciens 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
AIDS 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
airborne transmission 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
al-Razi 1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
alanine aminotransferase 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
alarmones 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
albendazole 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Alcanivorax borkumensis 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
alcohol fermentation 8.4 Fermentation
Alexandrium 5.4 Algae
alexidine 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Algae 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
algal bloom 5.4 Algae
algal blooms 9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
algal chloroplasts 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
algicide 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
alkaline phosphatase 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
alkaliphile 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
alkylating agent 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
allergen Introduction, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
allergic rhinitis 19.1 Hypersensitivities
allergy 19.1 Hypersensitivities
allograft 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
allosteric activator 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
allosteric site 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
allylamines 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
alpha toxin 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Alphaproteobacteria 4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
alternative pathway 17.2 Chemical Defenses
alternative splicing 11.3 RNA Transcription
Altmann 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
alveoli 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
amantadine 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Amblyomma 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Amblyomma americanum 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
amensalism 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
American trypanosomiasis 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Ames 11.5 Mutations
Ames test 11.5 Mutations
amikacin 14.5 Drug Resistance
amine group 7.4 Proteins
amino acid 7.4 Proteins, 7.4 Proteins, 7.4 Proteins, 7.4 Proteins
amino acids 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
amino groups 7.4 Proteins
aminoacyl tRNA synthetase 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
aminoglycoside resistance 14.5 Drug Resistance
aminoglycosides 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aminopenicillins 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ammonification 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
amoeba 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
amoebiasis 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoebic dysentery 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoebic keratitis 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Amoebozoa 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
amoxicillin 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoxicillin clavulanate 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
amphipathic 7.3 Lipids
amphitrichous 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
amphotericin B 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
ampicillin 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
amplitude 2.1 The Properties of Light
AMPs 17.2 Chemical Defenses
amputation 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Amsel’s diagnostic criteria 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Amycolatopsis orientalis 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Anabaena cylindrica 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
anabolism 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
anaerobic chamber 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
anaerobic jar 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
anaerobic respiration 8.3 Cellular Respiration, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
Analytical epidemiology 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
anaphylactic shock 19.1 Hypersensitivities
anaphylaxis 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Anaplasma phagocytophilum 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
anchorage dependency 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
Ancylostoma doudenale 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Ancylostoma duodenale 5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Anderson 8.6 Photosynthesis
anemia 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
anergy 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
angioedema 19.1 Hypersensitivities
anneal 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
annealing 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Anopheles mosquito 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
anoxygenic photosynthesis 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 8.6 Photosynthesis
anthrax 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 18.5 Vaccines, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
anthrax vaccine 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
anti-AChR antibodies 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
anti-parasitic defenses 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
anti-Rh factor antibodies 19.1 Hypersensitivities
antibacterial drugs 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
antibiogram 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
antibiotic resistance 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
antibiotic-associated diarrhea 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
antibiotics 6.1 Viruses, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
antibodies 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
antibody class switching 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antibody production 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antibody screen 20.3 Agglutination Assays
antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
anticodon 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
antifungal drugs 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antifungal medications 5.3 Fungi
antigen 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
antigen binding 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
antigen drift 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
antigen mimicry 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
antigen presenting cells (APCs) 19.1 Hypersensitivities
antigen-binding cleft 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antigen-binding sites 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
antigen-presenting cells (APCs) 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
antigenic 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
antigenic drift 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
antigenic shift 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
antigenic variation 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
antigens 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
antihistamine 19.1 Hypersensitivities
antimetabolites 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antimicrobial drugs 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
antimicrobial peptides 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) 17.2 Chemical Defenses
antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
antinuclear antibodies 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
antiparallel 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
antiphagocytic proteins 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
antiretroviral therapy 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
antiretroviral therapy (ART) 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antisense RNA 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
antisense strand 11.3 RNA Transcription
antisepsis 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
antiseptic 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
antiserum 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
antitoxin 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
antivaxxers 18.5 Vaccines
anus 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
AOM 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
APCs 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
API strips 8.4 Fermentation
apical complex 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
apicomplexans 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
aplastic anemia 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
apnea 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
apoenzyme 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
aponeurosis 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
apoptosis 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
appendix 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Aquifex 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Aquificae 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
arachadonic acid 19.1 Hypersensitivities
arachnoid mater 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Arber 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
arboviral encephalitis 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
arbovirus 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
arboviruses 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
archaea 1.2 A Systematic Approach, 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.6 Archaea, 11.3 RNA Transcription, 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation), 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
archaeal cell walls 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
archaeal membrane 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Archaeplastida 5.4 Algae
Archaeplastids 5.4 Algae
argyria 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Aristotle 3.1 Spontaneous Generation
artemether 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
artemisinin 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
artery 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
arthritis 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Arthrobacter 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
arthropod 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Arthus reaction 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Artificial passive immunity 18.5 Vaccines, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
ascariasis 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Ascaris lumbricoides 5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
ascocarps 5.3 Fungi
Ascomycota 5.3 Fungi
ascospores 5.3 Fungi
ascus 5.3 Fungi
asepsis 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
aseptic technique 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
asexual reproduction 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
aspartate aminotransferase 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aspergillosis 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Aspergillus 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Aspergillus flavus 5.3 Fungi
asthma 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Astroviridae 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Astroviruses 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
asymptomatic 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
asymptomatic carrier 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
atherosclerosis 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
athlete’s foot 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
atomic force microscope 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Atopobium vaginae 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
atovaquone 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
ATP 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates, 8.6 Photosynthesis, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ATP synthase 8.3 Cellular Respiration
Attachment 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
attenuated vaccine 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
attenuation 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
atypical bacteria 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
atypical pneumonia 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
autoclave 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
autoclave tape 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
autoclaving 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
autocrine function 17.2 Chemical Defenses
autograft 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
autoimmune disease 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
autoimmune disorders 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
autoimmune hemolytic anemia 20.3 Agglutination Assays
autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS) 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
autoimmunity 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
autoinducers 9.1 How Microbes Grow
autolysin 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
automated, cell-counting 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
autoradiography 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
autotransporter proteins 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
autotroph 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
auxotroph 11.5 Mutations
avermectins 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Avery 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
avian influenza 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
avian influenza virus A 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
avidity 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Avocado sunblotch viroid 6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
axial filament 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
axon 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
azidothymidine/zidovudine 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
azithromycin 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Azotobacter 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
aztreonam 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
B
B cells 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
B lymphocyte 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
B lymphocytes 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
B-cell maturation 19.4 Immunodeficiency
B-cell receptors (BCRs) 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
B. anthracis 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
B. hermsii 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
B. recurrentis 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Babesia spp 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
babesiosis 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bacillariophyta 5.4 Algae
bacillary angiomatosis 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacillary dysentery 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
bacillary peliosis 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bacilli 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Bacillus 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Bacillus anthracis 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Bacillus cereus 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Bacillus firmus 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
Bacillus mesentericus 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Bacillus subtilis 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
bacitracin 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
bacteremia 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacteria 1.2 A Systematic Approach, 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.2 Proteobacteria
bacterial cell walls 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
bacterial endocarditis 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
bacterial genomes 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
bacterial keratitis 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
bacterial lawn 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
bacterial meningitis 4.2 Proteobacteria, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
bacterial pneumonia 16.4 Global Public Health, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacterial toxins 18.5 Vaccines
bacterial transformation 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
bacterial vaginosis (BV) 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
bactericidal 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
bactericide 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
bacteriochlorophyll 8.6 Photosynthesis
bacteriochlorophylls 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
bacteriocins 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Bacteriodetes 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
bacteriology 1.3 Types of Microorganisms
bacteriophage 6.1 Viruses, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
bacteriophage preparation 6.1 Viruses
Bacteriophages 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bacteriorhodopsin 4.6 Archaea
bacteriostatic 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Bacteroides 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Bacteroidetes 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Bactrim 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Balamuthia 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Balantidium coli 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Ball 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Baltimore classification system 6.1 Viruses
barophiles 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Bartonella 4.2 Proteobacteria
Bartonella henselae 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bartonella quintana 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
basal body 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
base sequence 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
basic dye 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
basic fuchsin 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
basidia 5.3 Fungi
basidiocarps 5.3 Fungi
Basidiomycota 5.3 Fungi
basidiospores 5.3 Fungi
basophils 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
batch culture 9.1 How Microbes Grow
BCG vaccine 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
BCR 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
Bdellovibrio 4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.2 Proteobacteria
Beadle and Tatum 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
beer 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
Beggiatoa 4.2 Proteobacteria
Beijerinck 6.1 Viruses
Benda 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
benign 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
benzalkonium chlorides 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
benzathine benzylpenicillin 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
benzimidazoles 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
benznidazole 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
benzoic acid 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
benzoyl peroxide 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Berg 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Bergey’s Manual 1.2 A Systematic Approach, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
Betaproteobacteria 4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
bias 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
bifidobacteria 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Bifidobacterium 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
bilirubin 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
binary fission 9.1 How Microbes Grow
binocular 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
binomial nomenclature 1.2 A Systematic Approach
biochemistry 7.1 Organic Molecules
biofilm 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
biofilms 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 7.4 Proteins, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
biofuel 8.4 Fermentation
biogeochemical cycle 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
bioinformatics 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
biological indicator spore tests 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
biological safety cabinet 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
biological safety levels 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Biological transmission 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
biological vector 6.1 Viruses, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
bioluminescence 4.2 Proteobacteria
biomarkers 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
biomolecule 7.1 Organic Molecules
biopolymers 7.4 Proteins
bioremediation 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
biosynthesis 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
biotechnology 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bioterrorism 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
bisbiguanide 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
bismuth subsalicylate 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Black Death 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Blackburn 11.2 DNA Replication
bladder infections 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Blastomyces dermatitidis 5.3 Fungi, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
blastomycosis 5.3 Fungi, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
bleach 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
blepharitis 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
blocking antibodies 19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood clot 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
blood clotting 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
blood flukes 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
blood transfusion 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood types 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
blood-brain barrier 17.1 Physical Defenses, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
blood-group antigens 19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood-spinal cord barrier 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
bloodstream infections 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
blue-white screening 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
blunt ends 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
boil 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
boiling 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
bone marrow 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
bone marrow ablation 19.4 Immunodeficiency
bone marrow transplant 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection, 19.4 Immunodeficiency
BoNT 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Bordet-Gengou medium 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Bordetella 4.2 Proteobacteria
Bordetella pertussis 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Borrelia 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Borrelia burgdorferi 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
botox 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
botulinum neurotoxin 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
botulinum toxin 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
botulism 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 18.5 Vaccines, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Boveri 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
Boyer 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bradycardia 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
bradykinin 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.5 Inflammation and Fever, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
brain 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
brain heart infusion 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
breakbone fever 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
breast milk 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.5 Vaccines
breeding 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bridge reaction 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
brightfield microscope 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Broad Street cholera epidemic 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
broad-spectrum antimicrobial 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Brock Introduction
bronchi 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
bronchiole 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
bronchitis 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
bronchoalveolar lavage 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Brown 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
brown algae 5.4 Algae
Brucella 4.2 Proteobacteria, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bruton 19.4 Immunodeficiency
Bruton X-linked agammaglobulinemia 19.4 Immunodeficiency
BSL-1 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
BSL-2 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
BSL-3 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
BSL-3 microbe 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
BSL-4 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
BSLs 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
bubo 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bubonic plague 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
budding 9.1 How Microbes Grow
budding yeasts 5.3 Fungi
bulla 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
bullae 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Burkholderia 4.2 Proteobacteria
Burkholderia cepacia 7.4 Proteins
Burkholderiales 4.2 Proteobacteria
Burkitt lymphoma 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
burst 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
burst size 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
butanol 8.4 Fermentation
butoconazole 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
C
C-reactive protein 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
C-reactive protein (CRP) 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
C. difficile 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
C. perfringens 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
C. tritaeniorhynchus 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
C1 complex 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
CA-MRSA 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Calabar swellings 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
calcium propionate 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
calibration curve 9.1 How Microbes Grow
caliciviruses 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Calvin-Benson cycle 8.6 Photosynthesis
CAMP factor 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Campylobacter 4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Campylobacter jejuni 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
campylobacteriosis 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cancer 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cancer vaccines 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
Candida 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 17.1 Physical Defenses, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Candida albicans 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 5.3 Fungi, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
candidiasis 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
candle jar 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
canning 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
capillary 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
capnophiles 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
capreomycin 14.5 Drug Resistance
capsid 6.1 Viruses
capsomere 6.1 Viruses
capsular serotypes 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
capsule 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 18.5 Vaccines
capsule staining 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
capsules 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
carbamide peroxide 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
carbapenem 14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenem resistance 14.5 Drug Resistance
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants, 14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenemase 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
carbapenemases 14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenems 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
carbohydrate 7.2 Carbohydrates, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
carbohydrates 7.3 Lipids
carbolfuchsin 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
carbolic acid 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
carbon cycle 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
carbon fixation 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 7.1 Organic Molecules
carbon skeleton 7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.3 Lipids
carbonic acid 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
carbonyl group 7.4 Proteins
carboxyl group 7.4 Proteins
carboxylic acid 7.4 Proteins
carboxysome 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
carbuncle 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
carbuncles 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
carcinogen 11.5 Mutations, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
carcinogenesis 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Cardiobacterium hominis 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cardiolipin 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
cardiotoxicity 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
carditis 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
caries 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
carotenoid 8.6 Photosynthesis
carotenoids 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
carrageenan 5.4 Algae, 5.4 Algae
carrier molecule 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Carter Center 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Case-control studies 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
caseinase 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
cat-scratch disease (CSD) 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
catabolism 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
catabolite activator protein (CAP) 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
catalase 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
catalase test 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
catalases 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
catalyst 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
catarrhal stage 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
catheter-related bloodstream infection 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
catheters 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Caulobacter 4.2 Proteobacteria
causative agent 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
cavitation 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
cavities 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
CCA amino acid binding end 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
CD4 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
CD4 T cells 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
CD8 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
CD95 (Fas) cytotoxic pathway 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
CDC 18.5 Vaccines
cDNA 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
cecum 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
cefazolin 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cefotaxime 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
ceftazidime 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ceftriaxone 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
celiac disease 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
cell 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cell cycle 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cell envelope 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cell junctions 17.1 Physical Defenses
cell membrane 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cell theory 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
cell wall 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cell-mediated cytotoxicity 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
cell-mediated immune response 19.4 Immunodeficiency
cellular immunity 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
cellular respiration 8.6 Photosynthesis
cellular slime molds 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
cellulitis 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
cellulose 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 7.2 Carbohydrates
cementum 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) 12.4 Gene Therapy
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
central dogma 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
central nervous system (CNS) 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
central tolerance 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
centrioles 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
centrosomes 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cephalosporin 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cephalosporin C 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
cephalosporins 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Cephalosporium acremonium 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
cercarial dermatitis 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
cerumen 17.2 Chemical Defenses
Cervarix vaccine 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cervical cancer 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
cervical cancers 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cervix 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
cesarean section 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
cestodes 5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cetrimide agar 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
cetylpyrimidine chloride 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
CFB group 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chagas disease 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Chain 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
chain termination method 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Chamberland 6.1 Viruses, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
Chamberland filters 6.1 Viruses
chancroid 4.2 Proteobacteria, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chargaff 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
Chargaff’s rules 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
charged tRNA 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Charophyta 5.4 Algae
cheese 8.4 Fermentation
Cheese handler’s disease 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Chemical fixatives 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
chemical mediators 17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemically defined medium 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
chemiosmosis 8.3 Cellular Respiration
chemoautotroph 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
chemoheterotroph 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
chemokines 17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemostat 9.1 How Microbes Grow
chemotaxis 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemotherapy 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chemotroph 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
chickenpox 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, Introduction, 18.5 Vaccines, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chikungunya fever 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chirality 7.1 Organic Molecules
chitin 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.3 Fungi, 5.3 Fungi, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Chlamydia 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chlamydia trachomatis 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chlamydomonas 5.4 Algae
Chlamydomonas nivalis 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Chlamydophila pneumoniae 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Chlamydophila psittaci 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
chloramines 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
chloramphenicol 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Chlorella 5.4 Algae
chlorhexidine 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
chlorine 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
chlorine bleach 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Chlorobi 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chlorobium 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chloroflexi 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chloroflexus 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
chlorophyll 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 8.6 Photosynthesis
chlorophylls 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Chlorophyta 5.4 Algae
chloroplast 8.6 Photosynthesis
chloroplasts 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
chloroquine 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chlorosomes 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
chocolate agar 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cholera 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 18.5 Vaccines, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholera enterotoxin 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholera toxin 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholesterol 7.3 Lipids, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
choline-binding proteins 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Chromalveolata 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
chromatin 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
chromatin remodeling 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
Chromatium 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chromobacterium violaceum 19.4 Immunodeficiency
chromogen 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
chromogenic substrate 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
chromophores 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
chromosome 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
chromosomes 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
chronic disease 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
chronic granulomatous disease 19.4 Immunodeficiency
chronic GVHD 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
chronic infection 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
chronic inflammation 17.5 Inflammation and Fever
chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
chronic myelogenous leukemia 19.4 Immunodeficiency
chronic wasting disease 6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Chrysophyta 5.4 Algae
chytrids 5.3 Fungi
cidofovir 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cilia 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
ciliate 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
ciliated epithelial cells 17.1 Physical Defenses
ciprofloxacin 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Circoviridae 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
circulatory system 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cisternae 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
citric acid cycle 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
citrus tristeza virus 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
CJD 1.3 Types of Microorganisms
clarithromycin 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
class switching 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
classical complement cascade 19.1 Hypersensitivities
classical pathway 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
clavulanic acid 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
clean catch 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
climate change 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
clindamycin 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
clofazimin 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
cloflucarban 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
clonal proliferation 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
clones 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Clonorchis 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Clonorchis sinensis 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
closed culture 9.1 How Microbes Grow
Clostridium 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Clostridium botulinum 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Clostridium difficile 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 17.1 Physical Defenses, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium difficile toxin A 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium difficile toxin B 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium perfringens 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium tetani 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
clotrimazole 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
clue cells 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
CML 19.4 Immunodeficiency
co-stimulation 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
co-stimulatory signal 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
coagulase 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
coarse focusing knob 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
cocci 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Coccidioides immitis 5.3 Fungi, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
coccidioidomycosis 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
codon 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
coenocytes 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
coenocytic hyphae 5.3 Fungi
coenzyme 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
coenzyme A 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
coenzyme A (CoA) 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
coenzyme Q 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
cofactor 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
cognate amino acid 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Cohen 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
cohort method 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
cold sores 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Coliforms 4.2 Proteobacteria, 9.1 How Microbes Grow
colistin 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
colitis 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
collagen 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
collagen-specific adhesin NcaA 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
collagenase 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
colon 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
colonization factor (CF) 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
colonization factors 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
colony blot 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
colony-forming unit 9.1 How Microbes Grow
color 2.1 The Properties of Light
comedones 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
commensalism 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
commercial sterilization 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
common cold 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
common source spread 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
common warts 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
communicable 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
community 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
community-acquired MRSA 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
competitive exclusion 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
competitive inhibitor 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
competitive interactions 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
complement 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
complement activation 17.2 Chemical Defenses
complement cascade 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement fixation test 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement proteins 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement system 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
complementary base pairing 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
complementary base pairs 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
complementary DNA (cDNA) 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
complementary strand 11.2 DNA Replication
complex 6.1 Viruses
complex media 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
Compound 606 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
compound microscope 2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
Conan the Bacterium 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
concave lenses 2.1 The Properties of Light
concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) 14.5 Drug Resistance
condenser lens 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
conditional mutation 11.5 Mutations
confirmatory test 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
confocal microscope 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
confocal microscopy 9.1 How Microbes Grow
congenital syphilis 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
conidia 5.3 Fungi
conjugate vaccine 18.5 Vaccines, 18.5 Vaccines
conjugated proteins 7.4 Proteins
conjugation 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
conjugation pilus 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
conjunctiva 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
conjunctivitis 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
constant region 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
constitutive genes 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
constitutive secretory pathways 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
constitutively expressed 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
contact 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
contact dermatitis 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
contact inhibition 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
contact lenses 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Contact transmission 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
contagious 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
continuous cell line 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
continuous common source spread 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
contractile vacuole 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
contrast 2.1 The Properties of Light
convalescence stage 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
convalescent phase 20.3 Agglutination Assays
convex lens 2.1 The Properties of Light
convulsive ergotism 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Coombs’ reagent 20.3 Agglutination Assays, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
cooperative interactions 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
copper 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Coquillettidia 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
coronavirus 16.4 Global Public Health, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cortex 5.5 Lichens
corticosteroid 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
corticosteroids 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Corynebacterium 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Coulter counter 9.1 How Microbes Grow
counterstain 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
cowpox 18.5 Vaccines
Coxiella 4.2 Proteobacteria
Coxiella burnetii 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
CRE 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
creatinine 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Crenarchaeota 4.6 Archaea
crenation 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cresols 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) 1.3 Types of Microorganisms
Crick 11.2 DNA Replication
crisis phase 17.5 Inflammation and Fever
critical item 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
cross-linkage 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
cross-match 20.3 Agglutination Assays
cross-presentation 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
cross-reaction 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cross-reactivity 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
cross-resistance 14.5 Drug Resistance
cross-sectional study 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
crown 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
crust 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
crustose lichens 5.5 Lichens
cryotherapy 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cryptococcal meningitis 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
cryptococcosis 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Cryptococcus 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Cryptococcus neoformans 5.3 Fungi, 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cryptosporidiosis 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Cryptosporidium 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Cryptosporidium parvum 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
crystal violet 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
CSF 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cucumber mosaic virus 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
Culex 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Culex tarsalis 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
culture density 9.1 How Microbes Grow
culture medium 9.1 How Microbes Grow
cutaneous candidiasis 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
cutaneous larva migrans 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cutaneous leishmaniasis 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cutaneous mycoses 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
cyanobacteria 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 5.5 Lichens, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
cyanobacterial blooms 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
cyanophycin 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
cyanosis 19.1 Hypersensitivities
cyclic AMP (cAMP) 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
cyclic photophosphorylation 8.6 Photosynthesis
cyclophosphamide 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Cyclospora cayetanensis 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cyclosporiasis 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cyst 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
cystic echinococcosis 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cystic fibrosis 7.4 Proteins, 7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 12.4 Gene Therapy, 17.1 Physical Defenses, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cysticerci 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cysticercosis 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cystitis 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
cytarabine 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytochrome 8.3 Cellular Respiration
cytochrome oxidase 8.3 Cellular Respiration
cytokine storm 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cytokines 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytokinesis 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cytolethal distending toxin 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cytomegalovirus 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.5 Vaccines, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cytomegalovirus (CMV) 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytopathic effects 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Cytopathic effects (CPEs) 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
Cytophaga 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides (CFB) 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
cytoplasm 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cytoplasmic membrane 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cytoproct 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
cytosine 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
cytoskeleton 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cytostome 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
cytotoxic hypersensitivities 19.1 Hypersensitivities
cytotoxic T cell 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cytotoxic T cells 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
cytotoxic T lymphocyte 19.1 Hypersensitivities
cytotoxic T lymphocytes 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
cytotoxicity 17.3 Cellular Defenses
cytotoxin necrotizing factor 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
D
d form 7.1 Organic Molecules
D-value 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
dacrocyst 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
dacryocystitis 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
dandruff 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
dapsone 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
daptomycin 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
darkfield microscope 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
darkfield microscopy 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
De Contagione 2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
de Duve 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
dead zone 9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
death phase 9.1 How Microbes Grow
debridement 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
decimal reduction time (DRT) 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
decolorizing agent 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
deeply branching bacteria 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
defensins 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
definitive host 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
degeneracy 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation), 11.5 Mutations
degerming 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
degranulation 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
dehydration synthesis 7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 7.4 Proteins
Deinococcus radiodurans 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
delayed-type hypersensitivities (DTH) 19.1 Hypersensitivities
deletion 11.5 Mutations, 11.5 Mutations
Deltaproteobacteria 4.2 Proteobacteria
demyelination 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
denaturation 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
denatured 7.4 Proteins
dendrites 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
dendritic cells 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
dengue fever 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
denitrification 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
dental calculus 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
dental caries 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
dental plaque 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
dentin 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
deoxyadenosine 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
deoxyribonucleotides 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
deoxyribose 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
dephosphorylation 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Dermacentor variabilis 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
dermatophytes 5.3 Fungi, 5.5 Lichens, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
dermis 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
Descriptive epidemiology 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
desensitization 19.1 Hypersensitivities
desiccation 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
desquamation 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
Desulfovibrio 4.2 Proteobacteria
detergents 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
dexamethasone 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
dextran 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
diabetes 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
diabetes mellitus 19.4 Immunodeficiency
diabetic foot 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Diack tube 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
diapedesis 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
diaphragm 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
diarylquinolines 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
diatoms 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
Dictyostelium discoideum 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
dideoxy method 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
dideoxynucleotides 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Diener 6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
diethylcarbamazine 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopes 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
differential media 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
differential staining 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
diffraction 2.1 The Properties of Light
digestive system 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
diglyceride 7.3 Lipids
dikaryotic 5.3 Fungi
diloxanide furoate 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
dimorphic fungi 5.3 Fungi
dinoflagellates 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
dioecious 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
dipeptide 7.4 Proteins
diphtheria 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 18.5 Vaccines, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
diphtheria toxin 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Diphyllobothrium 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Diphylobothrium latum 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
diploid 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
diptherioids 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
direct agglutination assay 20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct antihuman globulin test (DAT) 20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct contact transmission 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
direct Coombs’ test 20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct ELISA 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) tests 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
direct hemagglutination assays 20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
direct microscopic cell count 9.1 How Microbes Grow
direct repair 11.5 Mutations
directly observed therapy (DOT) 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Dirofilaria immitis, 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
disaccharide 7.2 Carbohydrates
disease 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
disinfectant 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
disinfectants 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
disinfection 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
disk-diffusion method 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
dispersal 9.1 How Microbes Grow
dispersion 2.1 The Properties of Light
disulfide bond 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
disulfide bonds 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
disulfide bridge 7.4 Proteins
divisome 9.1 How Microbes Grow
DNA Introduction, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.3 Structure and Function of RNA, 10.3 Structure and Function of RNA, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material, 11.2 DNA Replication
DNA fingerprinting 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA gyrase 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication
DNA ladder 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA ligase 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
DNA methylation 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
DNA packaging 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
DNA polymerase 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.5 Mutations, 11.5 Mutations
DNA primer 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA primers 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA probe 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
DNA replication 11.5 Mutations
DNA vaccines 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering