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Microbiology

Index

MicrobiologyIndex
  1. Preface
  2. 1 An Invisible World
    1. Introduction
    2. 1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
    3. 1.2 A Systematic Approach
    4. 1.3 Types of Microorganisms
    5. Summary
    6. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  3. 2 How We See the Invisible World
    1. Introduction
    2. 2.1 The Properties of Light
    3. 2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
    4. 2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
    5. 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  4. 3 The Cell
    1. Introduction
    2. 3.1 Spontaneous Generation
    3. 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
    4. 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
    5. 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  5. 4 Prokaryotic Diversity
    1. Introduction
    2. 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
    3. 4.2 Proteobacteria
    4. 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
    5. 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
    6. 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
    7. 4.6 Archaea
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  6. 5 The Eukaryotes of Microbiology
    1. Introduction
    2. 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
    3. 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
    4. 5.3 Fungi
    5. 5.4 Algae
    6. 5.5 Lichens
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  7. 6 Acellular Pathogens
    1. Introduction
    2. 6.1 Viruses
    3. 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
    4. 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
    5. 6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  8. 7 Microbial Biochemistry
    1. Introduction
    2. 7.1 Organic Molecules
    3. 7.2 Carbohydrates
    4. 7.3 Lipids
    5. 7.4 Proteins
    6. 7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Matching
      4. Fill in the Blank
      5. Short Answer
      6. Critical Thinking
  9. 8 Microbial Metabolism
    1. Introduction
    2. 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
    3. 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
    4. 8.3 Cellular Respiration
    5. 8.4 Fermentation
    6. 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
    7. 8.6 Photosynthesis
    8. 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
    9. Summary
    10. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Matching
      4. Fill in the Blank
      5. Short Answer
      6. Critical Thinking
  10. 9 Microbial Growth
    1. Introduction
    2. 9.1 How Microbes Grow
    3. 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
    4. 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
    5. 9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
    6. 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
    7. 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  11. 10 Biochemistry of the Genome
    1. Introduction
    2. 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
    3. 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
    4. 10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
    5. 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Matching
      4. Fill in the Blank
      5. Short Answer
      6. Critical Thinking
  12. 11 Mechanisms of Microbial Genetics
    1. Introduction
    2. 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
    3. 11.2 DNA Replication
    4. 11.3 RNA Transcription
    5. 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
    6. 11.5 Mutations
    7. 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
    8. 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
    9. Summary
    10. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  13. 12 Modern Applications of Microbial Genetics
    1. Introduction
    2. 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
    3. 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
    4. 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
    5. 12.4 Gene Therapy
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  14. 13 Control of Microbial Growth
    1. Introduction
    2. 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
    3. 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
    4. 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
    5. 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  15. 14 Antimicrobial Drugs
    1. Introduction
    2. 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
    3. 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    4. 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
    5. 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
    6. 14.5 Drug Resistance
    7. 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
    8. 14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
    9. Summary
    10. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. True/False
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  16. 15 Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
    1. Introduction
    2. 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
    3. 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
    4. 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
    5. 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  17. 16 Disease and Epidemiology
    1. Introduction
    2. 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
    3. 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
    4. 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
    5. 16.4 Global Public Health
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  18. 17 Innate Nonspecific Host Defenses
    1. Introduction
    2. 17.1 Physical Defenses
    3. 17.2 Chemical Defenses
    4. 17.3 Cellular Defenses
    5. 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
    6. 17.5 Inflammation and Fever
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  19. 18 Adaptive Specific Host Defenses
    1. Introduction
    2. 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
    3. 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
    4. 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
    5. 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
    6. 18.5 Vaccines
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  20. 19 Diseases of the Immune System
    1. Introduction
    2. 19.1 Hypersensitivities
    3. 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
    4. 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
    5. 19.4 Immunodeficiency
    6. 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  21. 20 Laboratory Analysis of the Immune Response
    1. Introduction
    2. 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
    3. 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
    4. 20.3 Agglutination Assays
    5. 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
    6. 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  22. 21 Skin and Eye Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
    3. 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
    4. 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
    5. 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
    6. 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
    7. Summary
    8. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  23. 22 Respiratory System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
    3. 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
    4. 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
    5. 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  24. 23 Urogenital System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
    3. 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
    4. 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
    5. 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
    6. 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
    7. 23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  25. 24 Digestive System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
    3. 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
    4. 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    5. 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    6. 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    7. 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    8. Summary
    9. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  26. 25 Circulatory and Lymphatic System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    3. 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    4. 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    5. 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Fill in the Blank
      3. Short Answer
      4. Critical Thinking
  27. 26 Nervous System Infections
    1. Introduction
    2. 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
    3. 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
    4. 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
    5. 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
    6. Summary
    7. Review Questions
      1. Multiple Choice
      2. Matching
      3. Fill in the Blank
      4. Short Answer
      5. Critical Thinking
  28. A | Fundamentals of Physics and Chemistry Important to Microbiology
  29. B | Mathematical Basics
  30. C | Metabolic Pathways
  31. D | Taxonomy of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms
  32. E | Glossary
  33. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
    17. Chapter 17
    18. Chapter 18
    19. Chapter 19
    20. Chapter 20
    21. Chapter 21
    22. Chapter 22
    23. Chapter 23
    24. Chapter 24
    25. Chapter 25
    26. Chapter 26
  34. Index
Symbols
+ssRNA6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
3-PGA8.6 Photosynthesis
3-phosphoglycerate8.6 Photosynthesis
454 sequencing (pyrosequencing)12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
5’ cap11.3 RNA Transcription
70S ribosome3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
70S ribosomes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
80S ribosomes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
Ötzi the Iceman1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
α carbon7.4 Proteins
α-helix7.4 Proteins
α-Toxin25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
β-lactam26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
β-lactam ring14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance
β-lactamase inhibitors14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
β-lactamases14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
β-lactams14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
β-oxidation8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
β-pleated sheet7.4 Proteins
β-propionolactone13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
β2 microglobulin18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
σ factor11.3 RNA Transcription, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
A
A (aminoacyl) site11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
A-B exotoxin22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
A-B exotoxins15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
A-B toxin22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
A2B5 toxin24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
ABO20.3 Agglutination Assays
ABO blood group system19.1 Hypersensitivities
abscess21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
abscesses24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Absorbance2.1 The Properties of Light
Acanthamoeba5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Acanthamoeba keratitis21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
acellular1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 6.1 Viruses
Acetabularia5.4 Algae, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
acetone8.4 Fermentation
acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation8.4 Fermentation
Acetothermus4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Acetothermus paucivorans4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
acetylation11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
acetylcholine15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
acid fuchsin2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acid-fast bacteria2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acid-fast bacterium26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
acid-fast stain2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acidic dye2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acidophile9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
Acinetobacter baumannii14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance
acne21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)19.4 Immunodeficiency
acridine orange11.5 Mutations
ActA26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
actin3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
actin tails15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Actinobacteria4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Actinomyces4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Actinomycetes9.1 How Microbes Grow, 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
actinomycin14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
activated macrophages19.1 Hypersensitivities
activation energy8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
activation of B cells18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
activation of cytotoxic T cells18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
activator11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
active carrier16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Active immunity18.5 Vaccines
active site7.4 Proteins, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 11.5 Mutations
active transport3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
acute disease15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
acute glomerulonephritis21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute GVHD19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
acute herpes labialis24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
acute inflammation17.5 Inflammation and Fever
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
acute otitis media22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute phase20.3 Agglutination Assays
acute rheumatic fever22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute-phase proteins17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
acyclovir14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Adaptive immunity18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Addison disease19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
adefovir24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
adenine10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
adenine-arabinoside14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
adenosine deaminase deficiency12.4 Gene Therapy
adenosine diphosphate (ADP)8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenosine monophosphate (AMP)8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenovirus12.4 Gene Therapy, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
adhesin22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
adhesins15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
adhesion15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
adhesion factors15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
adipose tissue7.3 Lipids
adjuvant20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
adrenal glands19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Aedes26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Aedes 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Aedes aegypti16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, Introduction, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Aedes africanus25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Aedes albopictus16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
aerial filaments9.1 How Microbes Grow
aerobic respiration8.3 Cellular Respiration, 8.3 Cellular Respiration
Aeromonas hydrophila21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aerosols16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
aerotolerant anaerobe9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
affinity20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
affinity maturation20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Affirm VPII Microbial Identification Test23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
affitins4.6 Archaea
aflatoxin5.3 Fungi, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
African sleeping sickness3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
African trypanosomiasis5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
agar5.4 Algae, 5.4 Algae
Agarose gel electrophoresis12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
agglutinate19.1 Hypersensitivities
Agglutination18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
agglutination reactions21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
aggregation18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
AGN21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
agranulocytes17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses
Agrobacterium4.2 Proteobacteria
Agrobacterium tumefaciens12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
AIDS25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
airborne transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
alanine aminotransferase24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
alarmones11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
albendazole14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Alcanivorax borkumensis8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
alcohol fermentation8.4 Fermentation
Alexandrium5.4 Algae
alexidine13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Algae1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
algal bloom5.4 Algae
algal blooms9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
algal chloroplasts3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
algicide13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
alkaline phosphatase24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
alkaliphile9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
alkylating agent13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
allergenIntroduction, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
allergic rhinitis19.1 Hypersensitivities
allergy19.1 Hypersensitivities
allograft19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
allosteric activator8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
allosteric site8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
allylamines14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
alpha toxin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Alphaproteobacteria4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
alternative pathway17.2 Chemical Defenses
alternative splicing11.3 RNA Transcription
Altmann10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
alveoli22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
amantadine14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Amblyomma4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Amblyomma americanum25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
amensalism4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
American trypanosomiasis25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Ames11.5 Mutations
Ames test11.5 Mutations
amikacin14.5 Drug Resistance
amine group7.4 Proteins
amino acid7.4 Proteins, 7.4 Proteins, 7.4 Proteins, 7.4 Proteins
amino acids11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
amino groups7.4 Proteins
aminoacyl tRNA synthetase11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
aminoglycoside resistance14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance
aminoglycosides14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aminopenicillins14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ammonification8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
amoeba26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
amoebiasis24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoebic dysentery5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoebic keratitis26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Amoebozoa5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
amoxicillin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoxicillin clavulanate24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
amphipathic7.3 Lipids
amphitrichous3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
amphotericin B14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
ampicillin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
amplitude2.1 The Properties of Light
AMPs17.2 Chemical Defenses
amputation25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Amsel’s diagnostic criteria23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Amycolatopsis orientalis14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Anabaena cylindrica3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
anabolism8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
anaerobic chamber9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
anaerobic jar9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
anaerobic respiration8.3 Cellular Respiration, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
Analytical epidemiology16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
anaphylactic shock19.1 Hypersensitivities
anaphylaxis19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Anaplasma phagocytophilum25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
anchorage dependency6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
Ancylostoma doudenale24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Ancylostoma duodenale5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
anemia14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
anergy18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
angioedema19.1 Hypersensitivities
anneal12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
annealing12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Anopheles mosquito25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
anoxygenic photosynthesis4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 8.6 Photosynthesis
anthrax2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 18.5 Vaccines, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
anthrax vaccine21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
anti-AChR antibodies19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs)19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
anti-parasitic defenses18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
anti-Rh factor antibodies19.1 Hypersensitivities
antibacterial drugs14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
antibiogram14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
antibiotic resistance11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
antibiotic-associated diarrhea24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
antibiotics6.1 Viruses, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
antibodies18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
antibody class switching18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antibody production18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antibody screen20.3 Agglutination Assays
antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
anticodon11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
antifungal drugs14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antifungal medications5.3 Fungi
antigen20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
antigen binding18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
antigen drift22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
antigen mimicry19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
antigen presenting cells (APCs)19.1 Hypersensitivities
antigen-binding cleft18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antigen-binding sites18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
antigen-presenting cells (APCs)18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
antigenic18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
antigenic drift15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
antigenic shift15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
antigenic variation15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
antigens18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
antihistamine19.1 Hypersensitivities
antimetabolites14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antimicrobial drugs14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
antimicrobial peptides21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)17.2 Chemical Defenses
antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST)14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
antinuclear antibodies20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
antiparallel10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
antiphagocytic proteins23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
antiretroviral therapy25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
antiretroviral therapy (ART)14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antisense RNA12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
antisense strand11.3 RNA Transcription
antisepsis13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
antiseptic13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
antiserum20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
antitoxin26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
antivaxxers18.5 Vaccines
anus24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
AOM22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
APCs18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
API strips8.4 Fermentation
apical complex5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
apicomplexans5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
aplastic anemia14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
apnea26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
apoenzyme8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
aponeurosis26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
apoptosis17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
appendix24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Aquifex4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Aquificae4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
arachadonic acid19.1 Hypersensitivities
arachnoid mater26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Arber12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
arboviral encephalitis26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
arbovirus25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
arboviruses26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
archaea1.2 A Systematic Approach, 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.6 Archaea, 11.3 RNA Transcription, 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation), 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
archaeal cell walls3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
archaeal membrane3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Archaeplastida5.4 Algae
Archaeplastids5.4 Algae
argyria13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Aristotle3.1 Spontaneous Generation
artemether25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
artemisinin14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
artery25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
arthritis19.1 Hypersensitivities
Arthrobacter4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
arthropod16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Arthus reaction19.1 Hypersensitivities
Artificial passive immunity18.5 Vaccines, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
ascariasis15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Ascaris lumbricoides5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
ascocarps5.3 Fungi
Ascomycota5.3 Fungi
ascospores5.3 Fungi
ascus5.3 Fungi
asepsis13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
aseptic technique13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
asexual reproduction11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
aspartate aminotransferase24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aspergillosis14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Aspergillus9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Aspergillus flavus5.3 Fungi
asthma19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
Astroviridae24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Astroviruses24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
asymptomatic15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
asymptomatic carrier16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
atherosclerosis24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
athlete’s foot14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
atomic force microscope2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Atopobium vaginae23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
atovaquone14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
ATP8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates, 8.6 Photosynthesis, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ATP synthase8.3 Cellular Respiration
Attachment6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
attenuated vaccine 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
attenuation11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
atypical bacteria4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
atypical pneumonia4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
autoclave13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
autoclave tape13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
autoclaving13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
autocrine function17.2 Chemical Defenses
autograft19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
autoimmune disease18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
autoimmune disorders18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
autoimmune hemolytic anemia20.3 Agglutination Assays
autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS)19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
autoimmunity18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
autoinducers9.1 How Microbes Grow
autolysin22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
automated, cell-counting20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
autoradiography12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
autotransporter proteins23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
autotroph8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
auxotroph11.5 Mutations
avermectins14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Avery10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
avian influenza16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
avian influenza virus A16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
avidity20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Avocado sunblotch viroid6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
axial filament4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
axon26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
azidothymidine/zidovudine14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
azithromycin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Azotobacter8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
aztreonam14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
B
B cells18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
B lymphocyte25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
B lymphocytes18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
B-cell maturation19.4 Immunodeficiency
B-cell receptors (BCRs)18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
B. anthracis2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
B. hermsii25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
B. recurrentis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Babesia spp25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
babesiosis14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bacillariophyta5.4 Algae
bacillary angiomatosis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacillary dysentery24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
bacillary peliosis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bacilli4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Bacillus4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Bacillus anthracis4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Bacillus cereus4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Bacillus firmus9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
Bacillus mesentericus13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Bacillus subtilis13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
bacitracin14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
bacteremia15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacteria1.2 A Systematic Approach, 1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.2 Proteobacteria
bacterial cell walls3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
bacterial endocarditis23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
bacterial genomes10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
bacterial keratitis21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
bacterial lawn6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
bacterial meningitis4.2 Proteobacteria, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
bacterial pneumonia16.4 Global Public Health, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacterial toxins18.5 Vaccines
bacterial transformation10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
bacterial vaginosis (BV)23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
bactericidal14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
bactericide13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
bacteriochlorophyll8.6 Photosynthesis
bacteriochlorophylls3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
bacteriocins17.2 Chemical Defenses, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Bacteriodetes24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
bacteriology1.3 Types of Microorganisms
bacteriophage6.1 Viruses, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
bacteriophage preparation6.1 Viruses
Bacteriophages6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bacteriorhodopsin4.6 Archaea
bacteriostatic13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Bacteroides4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Bacteroidetes9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Bactrim14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Balamuthia26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Balantidium coli5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Baltimore classification system6.1 Viruses
barophiles9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Bartonella4.2 Proteobacteria
Bartonella henselae25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bartonella quintana25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
basal body3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
base sequence10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
basic dye2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
basic fuchsin2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
basidia5.3 Fungi
basidiocarps5.3 Fungi
Basidiomycota5.3 Fungi
basidiospores5.3 Fungi
basophils17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
batch culture9.1 How Microbes Grow
BCG vaccine22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
BCR18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
Bdellovibrio4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.2 Proteobacteria
Beadle and Tatum10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
beer14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
Beggiatoa4.2 Proteobacteria
Beijerinck6.1 Viruses
Benda3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
benign19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
benzalkonium chlorides13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
benzathine benzylpenicillin25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
benzimidazoles14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
benznidazole25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
benzoic acid13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
benzoyl peroxide13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Berg12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Bergey’s Manual1.2 A Systematic Approach, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
Betaproteobacteria4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
bias16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
bifidobacteria24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Bifidobacterium4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
bilirubin24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
binary fission9.1 How Microbes Grow
binocular2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
binomial nomenclature1.2 A Systematic Approach
biochemistry7.1 Organic Molecules
biofilm13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
biofilms2.3 Instruments of Microscopy, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 7.4 Proteins, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
biofuel8.4 Fermentation
biogeochemical cycle8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
bioinformatics12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
biological indicator spore tests13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
biological safety cabinet13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
biological safety levels13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Biological transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
biological vector6.1 Viruses, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
bioluminescence4.2 Proteobacteria
biomarkers12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
biomolecule7.1 Organic Molecules
biopolymers7.4 Proteins
bioremediation8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
biosynthesis6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
biotechnology12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bioterrorism21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
bisbiguanide13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
bismuth subsalicylate24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Black Death25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Blackburn11.2 DNA Replication
bladder infections23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Blastomyces dermatitidis5.3 Fungi, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
blastomycosis5.3 Fungi, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
bleach13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
blepharitis21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
blocking antibodies19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood clot25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
blood clotting15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
blood flukes14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
blood transfusion19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood types19.1 Hypersensitivities, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
blood-brain barrier17.1 Physical Defenses, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
blood-group antigens19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood-spinal cord barrier26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
bloodstream infections16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
blue-white screening12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
blunt ends12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
boil21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
boiling13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
bone marrow18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
bone marrow ablation19.4 Immunodeficiency
bone marrow transplant19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection, 19.4 Immunodeficiency
BoNT26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Bordet-Gengou medium22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Bordetella4.2 Proteobacteria
Bordetella pertussis4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Borrelia4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Borrelia burgdorferi9.1 How Microbes Grow, 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
botox15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
botulinum neurotoxin4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
botulinum toxin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
botulism3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 18.5 Vaccines, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Boveri10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
Boyer12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bradycardia26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
bradykinin17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.5 Inflammation and Fever, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
brain26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
brain heart infusion9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
breakbone fever25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
breast milk18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.5 Vaccines
breeding12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bridge reaction8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
brightfield microscope2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Broad Street cholera epidemic16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
broad-spectrum antimicrobial14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
BrockIntroduction
bronchi22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
bronchiole22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
bronchitis14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
bronchoalveolar lavage19.1 Hypersensitivities
Brown3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
brown algae5.4 Algae
Brucella4.2 Proteobacteria, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bruton19.4 Immunodeficiency
Bruton X-linked agammaglobulinemia19.4 Immunodeficiency
BSL-113.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
BSL-213.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
BSL-313.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
BSL-3 microbe22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
BSL-413.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
BSLs13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
bubo25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bubonic plague25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
budding9.1 How Microbes Grow
budding yeasts5.3 Fungi
bulla21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
bullae21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Burkholderia4.2 Proteobacteria
Burkholderia cepacia7.4 Proteins
Burkholderiales4.2 Proteobacteria
Burkitt lymphoma25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
burst6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
burst size6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
butanol8.4 Fermentation
butoconazole23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
C
C-reactive protein17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
C-reactive protein (CRP)19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
C. difficile2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
C. tritaeniorhynchus26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
C1 complex18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
CA-MRSA21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Calabar swellings21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
calcium propionate13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
calibration curve9.1 How Microbes Grow
caliciviruses24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Calvin-Benson cycle8.6 Photosynthesis
CAMP factor26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Campylobacter4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Campylobacter jejuni9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
campylobacteriosis24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cancer19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cancer vaccines19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
Candida14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 17.1 Physical Defenses, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Candida albicans4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 5.3 Fungi, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
candidiasis14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
candle jar9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
canning13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
capillary25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
capnophiles9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
capreomycin14.5 Drug Resistance
capsid6.1 Viruses
capsomere6.1 Viruses
capsular serotypes26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
capsule3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 18.5 Vaccines
capsule staining2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
capsules2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
carbamide peroxide13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
carbapenem14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenem resistance14.5 Drug Resistance
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants, 14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenemase14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
carbapenemases14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenems14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
carbohydrate7.2 Carbohydrates, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
carbohydrates7.3 Lipids
carbolfuchsin2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
carbolic acid16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
carbon cycle8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
carbon fixation4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 7.1 Organic Molecules
carbon skeleton7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.3 Lipids
carbonic acid13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
carbonyl group7.4 Proteins
carboxyl group7.4 Proteins
carboxylic acid7.4 Proteins
carboxysome3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
carbuncle21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
carbuncles21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
carcinogen11.5 Mutations, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
carcinogenesis14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Cardiobacterium hominis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cardiolipin20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
cardiotoxicity14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
carditis22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
caries24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
carotenoid8.6 Photosynthesis
carotenoids4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
carrageenan5.4 Algae, 5.4 Algae
carrier molecule18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Carter Center21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Case-control studies16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
caseinase8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
cat-scratch disease (CSD)25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
catabolism8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
catabolite activator protein (CAP)11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
catalase9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
catalase test21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
catalases13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
catalyst8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
catarrhal stage22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
catheter-related bloodstream infection25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
catheters9.1 How Microbes Grow, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Caulobacter4.2 Proteobacteria
causative agent16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
cavitation13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
cavities24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
CCA amino acid binding end11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
CD418.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
CD4 T cells25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
CD818.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
CD95 (Fas) cytotoxic pathway19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
CDC18.5 Vaccines
cDNA12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
cecum24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
cefazolin25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cefotaxime26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
ceftazidime14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ceftriaxone23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
celiac disease19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
cell19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cell cycle19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cell envelope3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cell junctions17.1 Physical Defenses
cell membrane3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cell theory3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
cell wall3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cell-mediated cytotoxicity26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
cell-mediated immune response19.4 Immunodeficiency
cellular immunity18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
cellular respiration8.6 Photosynthesis
cellular slime molds5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
cellulitis21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
cellulose3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 7.2 Carbohydrates
cementum24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)12.4 Gene Therapy
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
central dogma11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
central nervous system (CNS)26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
central tolerance18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
centrioles3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
centrosomes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cephalosporin22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cephalosporin C14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
cephalosporins14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Cephalosporium acremonium14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
cercarial dermatitis25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
cerumen17.2 Chemical Defenses
Cervarix vaccine23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cervical cancer23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
cervical cancers23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cervix23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
cesarean section4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
cestodes5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cetrimide agar21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
cetylpyrimidine chloride13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
CFB group4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chagas disease3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Chain14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
chain termination method12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Chamberland6.1 Viruses, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
Chamberland filters6.1 Viruses
chancroid4.2 Proteobacteria, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chargaff10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
Chargaff’s rules10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
charged tRNA11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Charophyta5.4 Algae
cheese 8.4 Fermentation
Cheese handler’s disease19.1 Hypersensitivities
Chemical fixatives2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
chemical mediators17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemically defined medium9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
chemiosmosis8.3 Cellular Respiration
chemoautotroph8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
chemoheterotroph8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
chemokines17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemostat9.1 How Microbes Grow
chemotaxis3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemotherapy14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chemotroph8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
chickenpox6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, Introduction, 18.5 Vaccines, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chikungunya fever25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chirality7.1 Organic Molecules
chitin3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.3 Fungi, 5.3 Fungi, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Chlamydia4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chlamydia trachomatis10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chlamydomonas5.4 Algae
Chlamydomonas nivalis9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Chlamydophila pneumoniae22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Chlamydophila psittaci22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
chloramines13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
chloramphenicol14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Chlorella5.4 Algae
chlorhexidine13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
chlorine13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
chlorine bleach13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Chlorobi4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chlorobium4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chloroflexi4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chloroflexus4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
chlorophyll3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 8.6 Photosynthesis
chlorophylls3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Chlorophyta5.4 Algae
chloroplast8.6 Photosynthesis
chloroplasts3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
chloroquine14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chlorosomes4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
chocolate agar22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cholera9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 18.5 Vaccines, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholera enterotoxin24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholera toxin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholesterol7.3 Lipids, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
choline-binding proteins26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Chromalveolata5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
chromatin10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
chromatin remodeling10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
Chromatium4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chromobacterium violaceum19.4 Immunodeficiency
chromogen20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
chromogenic substrate20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
chromophores2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
chromosome11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
chromosomes10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
chronic disease15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
chronic granulomatous disease19.4 Immunodeficiency
chronic GVHD19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
chronic infection6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
chronic inflammation17.5 Inflammation and Fever
chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
chronic myelogenous leukemia19.4 Immunodeficiency
chronic wasting disease6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Chrysophyta5.4 Algae
chytrids5.3 Fungi
cidofovir25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cilia3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
ciliate5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
ciliated epithelial cells17.1 Physical Defenses
ciprofloxacin10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Circoviridae21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
circulatory system25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cisternae3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
citric acid cycle8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
citrus tristeza virus6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
CJD1.3 Types of Microorganisms
clarithromycin24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
class switching18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
classical complement cascade19.1 Hypersensitivities
classical pathway17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
clavulanic acid14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
clean catch23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
climate change4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
clindamycin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
clofazimin26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
cloflucarban13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
clonal proliferation18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
clones12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Clonorchis5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Clonorchis sinensis24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
closed culture9.1 How Microbes Grow
Clostridium4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Clostridium botulinum11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Clostridium difficile4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 17.1 Physical Defenses, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium difficile toxin A24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium difficile toxin B24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium perfringens9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium tetani4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
clotrimazole14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
clue cells23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
CML19.4 Immunodeficiency
co-stimulation18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
co-stimulatory signal18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
coagulase15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
coarse focusing knob2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
cocci4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Coccidioides immitis5.3 Fungi, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
coccidioidomycosis14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
codon11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
coenocytes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
coenocytic hyphae5.3 Fungi
coenzyme8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
coenzyme A8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
coenzyme A (CoA)8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
coenzyme Q14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
cofactor8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
cognate amino acid11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Cohen12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
cohort method16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
cold sores24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Coliforms4.2 Proteobacteria, 9.1 How Microbes Grow
colistin14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
colitis3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
collagen3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
collagen-specific adhesin NcaA23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
collagenase15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
colon24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
colonization factor (CF)10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
colonization factors24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
colony blot12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
colony-forming unit9.1 How Microbes Grow
color2.1 The Properties of Light
comedones21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
commensalism4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
commercial sterilization13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
common cold15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
common source spread16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
common warts21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
communicable15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
community4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
community-acquired MRSA21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
competitive exclusion24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
competitive inhibitor8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
competitive interactions4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
complement18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
complement activation17.2 Chemical Defenses
complement cascade18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement fixation test20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement proteins20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement system17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
complementary base pairing10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
complementary base pairs10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
complementary DNA (cDNA)12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
complementary strand11.2 DNA Replication
complex6.1 Viruses
complex media9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
Compound 60614.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
compound microscope2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
Conan the Bacterium4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
concave lenses2.1 The Properties of Light
concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs)14.5 Drug Resistance
condenser lens2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
conditional mutation11.5 Mutations
confirmatory test20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
confocal microscope2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
confocal microscopy9.1 How Microbes Grow
congenital syphilis23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
conidia5.3 Fungi
conjugate vaccine18.5 Vaccines, 18.5 Vaccines
conjugated proteins7.4 Proteins
conjugation5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
conjugation pilus11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
conjunctiva21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
conjunctivitis14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
constant region18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
constitutive genes10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
constitutive secretory pathways3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
constitutively expressed11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
contact15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
contact dermatitis19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
contact inhibition6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
contact lenses9.1 How Microbes Grow, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Contact transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
contagious15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
continuous cell line6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
continuous common source spread16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
contractile vacuole5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
contrast2.1 The Properties of Light
convalescence stage22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
convalescent phase20.3 Agglutination Assays
convex lens2.1 The Properties of Light
convulsive ergotism15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Coombs’ reagent20.3 Agglutination Assays, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
cooperative interactions4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
copper13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Coquillettidia26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
coronavirus16.4 Global Public Health, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cortex5.5 Lichens
corticosteroid19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
corticosteroids21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Corynebacterium4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Corynebacterium diphtheriae3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Coulter counter9.1 How Microbes Grow
counterstain2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
cowpox18.5 Vaccines
Coxiella4.2 Proteobacteria
Coxiella burnetii22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
CRE13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
creatinine12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Crenarchaeota4.6 Archaea
crenation3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cresols13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)1.3 Types of Microorganisms
Crick11.2 DNA Replication
crisis phase17.5 Inflammation and Fever
critical item13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
cross-linkage18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
cross-match20.3 Agglutination Assays
cross-presentation18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
cross-reaction25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cross-reactivity19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
cross-resistance14.5 Drug Resistance
cross-sectional study16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
crown24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
crust21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
crustose lichens5.5 Lichens
cryotherapy23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cryptococcal meningitis14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
cryptococcosis22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Cryptococcus15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Cryptococcus neoformans5.3 Fungi, 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cryptosporidiosis24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Cryptosporidium13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Cryptosporidium parvum5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
crystal violet2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
CSF26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cucumber mosaic virus6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
Culex26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Culex tarsalis26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
culture density9.1 How Microbes Grow
culture medium9.1 How Microbes Grow
cutaneous candidiasis15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
cutaneous larva migrans24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cutaneous leishmaniasis25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cutaneous mycoses21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
cyanobacteria1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 5.5 Lichens, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
cyanobacterial blooms4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
cyanophycin4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
cyanosis19.1 Hypersensitivities
cyclic AMP (cAMP)11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
cyclic photophosphorylation8.6 Photosynthesis
cyclophosphamide25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Cyclospora cayetanensis24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cyclosporiasis24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cyst5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
cystic echinococcosis24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cystic fibrosis7.4 Proteins, 7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 12.4 Gene Therapy, 17.1 Physical Defenses, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cysticerci26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cysticercosis5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cystitis23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
cytarabine25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytochrome8.3 Cellular Respiration
cytochrome oxidase8.3 Cellular Respiration
cytokine storm15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cytokines15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytolethal distending toxin24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cytomegalovirus14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.5 Vaccines, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cytomegalovirus (CMV)25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytopathic effects20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Cytopathic effects (CPEs)6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
Cytophaga4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides (CFB)4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
cytoplasm3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cytoplasmic membrane3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cytoproct5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
cytosine10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
cytoskeleton3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cytostome5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
cytotoxic hypersensitivities19.1 Hypersensitivities
cytotoxic T cell19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cytotoxic T cells18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
cytotoxic T lymphocyte19.1 Hypersensitivities
cytotoxic T lymphocytes18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
cytotoxicity17.3 Cellular Defenses
cytotoxin necrotizing factor24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
D
d form7.1 Organic Molecules
D-value13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
dacrocyst21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
dacryocystitis21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
dandruff14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
dapsone26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
daptomycin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
darkfield microscope2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
darkfield microscopy25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
De Contagione2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
de Duve3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
dead zone9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
death phase9.1 How Microbes Grow
debridement21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
decimal reduction time (DRT)13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
decolorizing agent2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
deeply branching bacteria4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
defensins17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
definitive host16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
degeneracy11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation), 11.5 Mutations
degerming13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
degranulation17.3 Cellular Defenses, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
dehydration synthesis7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 7.4 Proteins
Deinococcus radiodurans4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
delayed-type hypersensitivities (DTH)19.1 Hypersensitivities
deletion11.5 Mutations, 11.5 Mutations
Deltaproteobacteria4.2 Proteobacteria
demyelination19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
denaturation10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
denatured7.4 Proteins
dendrites26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
dendritic cells17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
dengue fever16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
denitrification8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
dental calculus24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
dental caries13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
dental plaque10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
dentin24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
deoxyadenosine14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
deoxyribonucleotides10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
deoxyribose10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
dephosphorylation8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Dermacentor variabilis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
dermatophytes5.3 Fungi, 5.5 Lichens, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
dermis21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
Descriptive epidemiology16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
desensitization19.1 Hypersensitivities
desiccation13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
desquamation21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
Desulfovibrio4.2 Proteobacteria
detergents13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
dexamethasone26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
dextran24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
diabetes9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
diabetes mellitus19.4 Immunodeficiency
diabetic foot9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Diack tube13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
diapedesis17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
diaphragm2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
diarylquinolines14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
diatoms5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
Dictyostelium discoideum5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
dideoxy method12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
dideoxynucleotides12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Diener6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
diethylcarbamazine21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopes2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
differential media9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
differential staining2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
diffraction2.1 The Properties of Light
digestive system24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
diglyceride7.3 Lipids
dikaryotic5.3 Fungi
diloxanide furoate24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
dimorphic fungi5.3 Fungi
dinoflagellates5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 5.4 Algae
dioecious5.2 Parasitic Helminths
dipeptide7.4 Proteins
diphtheria4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 18.5 Vaccines, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
diphtheria toxin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Diphyllobothrium24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Diphylobothrium latum5.2 Parasitic Helminths
diploid10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
diptherioids24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
direct agglutination assay20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct antihuman globulin test (DAT)20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct contact transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
direct Coombs’ test20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct ELISA20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) tests20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
direct hemagglutination assays20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA)2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
direct microscopic cell count9.1 How Microbes Grow
direct repair11.5 Mutations
directly observed therapy (DOT)14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Dirofilaria immitis,5.2 Parasitic Helminths
disaccharide7.2 Carbohydrates
disease15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
disinfectant13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
disinfectants13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
disinfection13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
disk-diffusion method13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
dispersal9.1 How Microbes Grow
dispersion2.1 The Properties of Light
disulfide bond13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
disulfide bonds18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
disulfide bridge7.4 Proteins
divisome9.1 How Microbes Grow
DNAIntroduction, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.3 Structure and Function of RNA, 10.3 Structure and Function of RNA, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material, 11.2 DNA Replication
DNA fingerprinting12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA gyrase10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication
DNA ladder12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA ligase11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
DNA methylation11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
DNA packaging10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
DNA polymerase11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.5 Mutations, 11.5 Mutations
DNA primer12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA primers12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA probe12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
DNA replication11.5 Mutations
DNA vaccines12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, 18.5 Vaccines
DNAse15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Dochez20.3 Agglutination Assays
Domagk14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery, 14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
donor cell11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
doripenem14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
dosage14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
double helix10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
double immunodiffusion20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
double-blind studies16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
double-stranded origin (dso) site11.2 DNA Replication
double-stranded RNA10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
doubling time9.1 How Microbes Grow
doxorubicin25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
doxycycline12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
DPT vaccine22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Dracunculiasis5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Dracunculus medinensis5.2 Parasitic Helminths
droplet nucleus16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
droplet sprays16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
droplet transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
drug resistance14.5 Drug Resistance
dry ice13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
dry weight of a culture sample9.1 How Microbes Grow
dry-heat sterilization13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
dsDNA6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
dsRNA6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
DTaP22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Dunaliella salina9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
duodenum24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
dura mater26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
dural sheath26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
dynein3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
dysentery24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
dyspnea19.1 Hypersensitivities
dysuria23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
E
E (exit) site11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
E. coli11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication, 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation), 11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation), 11.5 Mutations, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 19.4 Immunodeficiency
ear infection14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
East African trypanosomiasis26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Ebola16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 16.4 Global Public Health
Ebola epidemics6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
Ebola hemorrhagic fever15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
Ebola virus18.5 Vaccines
Ebolavirus25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
echinocandins14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Echinococcus granulosus5.2 Parasitic Helminths
echocardiogram25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
eclipse phase6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
econazole21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
ectopic pregnancy23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
ectoplasm5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
edema15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.5 Inflammation and Fever, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Edward Jenner18.5 Vaccines
effector cells18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
efflux pump14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance
efflux pumps9.1 How Microbes Grow
eflornithine26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
EHEC15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
Ehrlich14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
Ehrlichia4.2 Proteobacteria
Ehrlichia chaffeensis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Eikenella22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Eikenella corrodens25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Eimeria5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
elastase15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
electrochemical gradient8.6 Photosynthesis
electromagnetic radiation (EMR)2.1 The Properties of Light
electron carrier8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
electron donor8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
electron microscope2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
electron transfer8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
electron transport system8.6 Photosynthesis
electron transport system (ETS)8.3 Cellular Respiration
electronic cell counting device9.1 How Microbes Grow
electroporation12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
elementary bodies4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
elephantiasis17.5 Inflammation and Fever
ELISA15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
elongation in DNA replication11.2 DNA Replication
elongation in transcription11.3 RNA Transcription
elongation of translation11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway8.4 Fermentation
embryonated bird’s egg6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
emerging infectious diseases16.4 Global Public Health
Emerson respirators26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
enamel24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
enantiomers7.1 Organic Molecules
encephalitis22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
encystment5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
endemic disease16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
endergonic reaction8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
endocarditis4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
endocrine function17.2 Chemical Defenses
endocytosis3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
endomembrane system3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
endomysium19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
endoplasm5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
endoscope13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
endoscopy19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
endospore13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Endospore staining2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
endospores2.3 Instruments of Microscopy, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
endosymbiotic hypothesis3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
endosymbiotic theory3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
endothelia17.1 Physical Defenses
endothelial cells17.1 Physical Defenses
endotoxin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enfuviritide14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
enhancer11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
enriched media9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
enrichment culture9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
Entamoeba5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Entamoeba histolytica10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
entecavir24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enteric4.2 Proteobacteria
enteritis24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
enteritis necroticans24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Enterobacter4.2 Proteobacteria
Enterobacter spp.14.5 Drug Resistance
Enterobacteriaceae4.2 Proteobacteria, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
enterobiasis24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Enterobius vermicularis5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Enterococcus4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Enterococcus faecalis23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Enterococcus faecium14.5 Drug Resistance
Enterocystozoan bieneusi5.3 Fungi
enterocyte effacement24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterocytes24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterohemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7)15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterotoxigenic E. coli10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterotoxin4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
enterotoxins24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enteroviruses14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
enveloped virus6.1 Viruses
enzyme8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Enzyme IIA11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs)6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs)20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
eosin2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
eosinophil19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
eosinophils17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
EPEC15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
epidemic disease16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
epidemic typhus4.2 Proteobacteria, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
epidemiologyIntroduction, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
epidermis17.1 Physical Defenses, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
Epidermophyton5.3 Fungi, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
epididymis23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
epididymitis23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
epigenetic regulation11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
epigenetics10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
epiglottis22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
epiglottitis22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
epilepsy26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
epinephrineIntroduction, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
EpiPenIntroduction
epiphytes5.5 Lichens
epithelial cells17.1 Physical Defenses
epitopes18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Epsilonproteobacteria4.2 Proteobacteria
Epstein-Barr virus6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 20.3 Agglutination Assays, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Epulopiscium9.1 How Microbes Grow
equivalence zone20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
ergosterol7.3 Lipids, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
ergosterols5.3 Fungi, 5.3 Fungi
ergotism15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Erwinia4.2 Proteobacteria
erysipelas21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
erythema17.5 Inflammation and Fever, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
erythema infectiosum21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
erythema nodosum21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
erythrocyte17.3 Cellular Defenses
erythrocyte antigen19.1 Hypersensitivities
erythrogenic toxin22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
erythromycin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
eschar21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Escherichia4.2 Proteobacteria
Escherichia coli4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth, Introduction, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, Introduction, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Escherichia coli O157:H73.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
ESKAPE pathogens14.5 Drug Resistance
esophagus24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
estrogen23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
ETEC10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Etest14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
ether linkages4.6 Archaea
ethidium bromide11.5 Mutations, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
ethyl alcohol13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Ethylene oxide13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
etiologic agent16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
etiology16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
etoposide25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
etravirine14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
ETS8.6 Photosynthesis
eucalyptol13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Euglena5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Euglenozoa5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Eukarya4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
eukaryote1.2 A Systematic Approach
eukaryotic cells3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
eukaryotic flagella3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
eukaryotic membranes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
Eumycetozoa5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Euryarchaeota4.6 Archaea
eustachian tube22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
eutroph4.2 Proteobacteria
eutrophication8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
ex situ bioremediation8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
Excavata5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
excystment5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
exergonic reaction8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
exocytosis3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
exoenzyme15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
exoenzyme S21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
exon11.3 RNA Transcription
exonuclease11.2 DNA Replication
exophthalmia19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
exotoxin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
exotoxin A21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
exotoxins24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Experimental epidemiology16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
experimental studies16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
exponential growth phase9.1 How Microbes Grow
exposure15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)14.5 Drug Resistance
extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis14.5 Drug Resistance
extracellular matrix3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
extracellular pathogens19.4 Immunodeficiency
extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)9.1 How Microbes Grow
extrachromosomal DNA9.1 How Microbes Grow, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
extrapolymeric substance (EPS)2.3 Instruments of Microscopy, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
extravasation17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
extremophiles4.6 Archaea
eye21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
EZ medium9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
F
F pilus3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
F plasmid11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
F plasmids12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
F’ plasmid11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
F+ cell11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
F− cell11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Fab antigen-binding sites18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Fab region18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
facilitated diffusion3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
facultative anaerobe9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
facultative intracellular pathogens15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
FAD8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
FADH28.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Falkow15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
false-negative20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
false-positive20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
false-positives20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
famciclovir21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
FAME analysis7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
Far-western blots20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
farmer’s lung19.1 Hypersensitivities
Fasciola24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Fascioliasis24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fasciolopsiasis24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Fasciolopsis buski5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fastidious organisms9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
fatal familial insomnia6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
fatty acid7.3 Lipids
fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
fatty acids7.3 Lipids, 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
Fc receptors18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Fc region18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
fecal transplant24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fecal transplantation17.1 Physical Defenses
feedback inhibition8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
fermentation1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew, 8.4 Fermentation, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
ferredoxin13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
ferritin17.2 Chemical Defenses
Ferroplasma9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
fertility factor11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
fever17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.5 Inflammation and Fever, 17.5 Inflammation and Fever
fibrin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
fibrinogen17.2 Chemical Defenses
fibrinogen-to-fibrin cascade15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
fifth disease21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
filiform warts21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
filovirus25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
fimbriae3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fine focusing knob2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Firmicutes22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
fixation2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
flaccid cardiomegaly25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
flaccid paralysis26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Flagella2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 4.6 Archaea, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
flagella staining2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
flagellin17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
flagellum18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
flat warts21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
flatworms5.2 Parasitic Helminths
flavin adenine dinucleotide8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Flavivirus25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Flavivirus 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
flavoprotein8.3 Cellular Respiration
Flavr Savr12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Fleming14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
flesh-eating bacterial syndrome21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
flocculant20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Florey14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
flow cytometry20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluconazole14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
flucytosine14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
fluid mosaic model3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
flukes5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)2.3 Instruments of Microscopy, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
fluorescence microscope2.3 Instruments of Microscopy, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs, 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS)20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorescent2.1 The Properties of Light
fluorescent antibody (FA) techniques20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorescent enzyme immunoassays (FEIAs)20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
fluoride13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
fluorine13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
fluorochromes2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
fluorogen20.4 EIAs and ELISAs, 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques, 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorophore20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
fluoroquinolones14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
focal infection15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
focal length2.1 The Properties of Light
focal point2.1 The Properties of Light
folic acid14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
folinic acid26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
foliose lichens5.5 Lichens
folliculitis21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
fomite13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
fomites6.1 Viruses, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Food and Drug Administration12.4 Gene Therapy
food poisoning24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
food preservation13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
foodborne botulism26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
foodborne disease24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
foodborne illness24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
foodborne transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
foreign epitopes18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
forensic science12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
formalin13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
formed elements17.3 Cellular Defenses
Fornicata5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
foscarnet25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Fox1.2 A Systematic Approach
Fracastoro2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World, 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory, 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
fragmentation9.1 How Microbes Grow
frameshift mutation11.5 Mutations, 11.5 Mutations
Francisella tularensis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Frankia4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Franklin10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
free protein antigens18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
free ribosomes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
frequency2.1 The Properties of Light
fructose7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
fruiting bodies4.2 Proteobacteria
frustules5.4 Algae
fruticose lichens5.5 Lichens
FtsZ9.1 How Microbes Grow
Fuligo septica5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
fulminant hepatitis24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
functional groups7.1 Organic Molecules
Fungi1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 5.3 Fungi, 5.3 Fungi
fungicide13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
fungicides5.3 Fungi
fungistatic13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
furuncle21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
furuncles21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
fusion inhibitors14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Fusobacterium4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
G
GABA26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
galactose7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 7.2 Carbohydrates
Galileo2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
gallbladder24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
gamma aminobutyric acid26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
gamma irradiation13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
gamma rays11.5 Mutations, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
Gammaproteobacteria4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
ganciclovir21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
gangrenous ergotism15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Gardasil vaccine23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
Gardnerella4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Gardnerella vaginalis12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
gas chromatography (GC)7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
gas gangrene3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
gastritis15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
gastroenteritis9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
gastrointestinal anthrax21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
gastrointestinal tract19.4 Immunodeficiency
gelatinase8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
Gelsinger12.4 Gene Therapy, 12.4 Gene Therapy
GenBank12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
gene10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
gene expression10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
gene gun12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
gene silencing12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
gene therapy12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.4 Gene Therapy
Generalized transduction6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
generation time9.1 How Microbes Grow
genetic code11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
genetic diversity11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
genetic engineering12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
genetic rearrangement18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
genetically modified organisms (GMOs)16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
geneticsIntroduction, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
genital herpes14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
genital warts23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
genome10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
genomic library12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
genomics12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
genotype10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
gentamicin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Geobacillus9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
Geobacillus stearothermophilus13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
germ theory of disease3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory, 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases, 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases, 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
germ tube23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
germ-line gene therapy12.4 Gene Therapy
German measlesIntroduction, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
germicide13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
germination3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
Ghon complexes22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
GI tract24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
giant viral species6.1 Viruses
Giardia lamblia3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
giardiasis24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Giemsa staining22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
gingiva24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
gingival crevice24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
gingival space24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
gingivitis24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
glands21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
glial cells26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
gliotoxin15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
glomerulonephritis19.1 Hypersensitivities, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
glomerulus23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
glucose7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.1 Organic Molecules, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 7.2 Carbohydrates, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
gluten19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
glycan gimmickry15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
glycans7.2 Carbohydrates, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
glycerol7.3 Lipids, 8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
glycine receptors26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
glycocalyces15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
glycocalyx3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
glycogen7.2 Carbohydrates, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
glycolipid7.3 Lipids
glycolysis8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
glycopeptides14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance
glycoprotein7.4 Proteins
glycosidic bond7.2 Carbohydrates, 7.2 Carbohydrates
glycosidic linkage7.2 Carbohydrates
glycosylation14.5 Drug Resistance
goblet cell22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
goblet cells17.1 Physical Defenses
goiter19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Golden Age of Microbiology1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
golden algae5.4 Algae
Golgi3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
Golgi apparatus3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
gonorrhea4.2 Proteobacteria, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 16.4 Global Public Health, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
gonorrheal arthritis23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
gonorrheal endocarditis23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Gonyaulax5.4 Algae
Gosling10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
graft19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
Gram2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
Gram stain procedure2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
gram-negative bacteria4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
gram-negative cells3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
gram-positive bacteria4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth, 14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
gram-positive cells3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Gram’s iodine2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
granular conjunctivitis21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
granules4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
granulocytes17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses
granuloma17.5 Inflammation and Fever, 19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.4 Immunodeficiency
granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE)21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
granulomatous lesions22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
granum8.6 Photosynthesis
granzyme19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
granzymes17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
Graves disease19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
gravity displacement autoclave13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
gray baby syndrome14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Great Oxygenation Event9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
green algae5.4 Algae
green fluorescent protein12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
green nonsulfur bacteria4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
green sulfur bacteria4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Griffith10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Griffith’s transformation experiments10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
griseofulvin14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
Group A strep3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
group A streptococci22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
group A streptococcus (GAS)21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
group B Streptococcus22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Group B streptococcus (GBS)26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
growth curve9.1 How Microbes Grow
guanine10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
guanosine14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
guanosine triphosphate14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Guillain-Barré syndrome24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
guinea worm1.3 Types of Microorganisms
Guinea worm disease5.2 Parasitic Helminths
gummas23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
gums24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
H
H. influenzae22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
H1N1 influenza6.1 Viruses
H2N26.1 Viruses
HA-MRSA21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
HACEK bacilli25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Haeckel1.2 A Systematic Approach
Haemagogus25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Haemophilus4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.2 Proteobacteria, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Haemophilus ducreyi23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Haemophilus influenzae15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hair follicles21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
half-life14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Halobacteria4.6 Archaea, 9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Halobacterium9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Halobacterium salinarum4.6 Archaea
Haloferax volcanii4.6 Archaea
halogens13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Halomonas9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
halophiles9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Halothiobacillus neapolitanus3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
halotolerant9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Hämmerling5.4 Algae, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
hand sanitizer13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
handwashing13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Hansen’s disease4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 9.1 How Microbes Grow, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hantavirus16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
haploid10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
haptens18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
hard chancre23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Hashimoto thyroiditis19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Hata14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
HAV24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hay fever19.1 Hypersensitivities
HBV24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
HCV24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
HDV24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
healthcare-associated infections (HAI)16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
heart25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
heart valves25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
heartworm5.2 Parasitic Helminths
heat fixing2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
heat-labile enterotoxin (LT)10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
heat-stabile enterotoxin (ST)10.2 Structure and Function of DNA, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
heavy chains18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
heavy metals13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
HeLa cell line6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
helical6.1 Viruses
helical virus6.1 Viruses
helicase11.2 DNA Replication, 11.2 DNA Replication
Helicobacter4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.2 Proteobacteria
Helicobacter pylori4.2 Proteobacteria, 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth, 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
helminth1.3 Types of Microorganisms, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
helminth infections19.1 Hypersensitivities
helper T cells18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
helper viruses6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
hemagglutination20.3 Agglutination Assays, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
hemagglutination assay6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
hemagglutinin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
hemagglutinin protein22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
hematopoiesis17.3 Cellular Defenses
hematopoietic stem cell18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
hematopoietic stem cells18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)17.3 Cellular Defenses
hematuria23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
hemiparesis26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hemocytometer9.1 How Microbes Grow
hemoglobin-binding protein (Hgp)26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hemolysin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hemolysins21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hemolysis19.1 Hypersensitivities
hemolytic disease of the newborn20.3 Agglutination Assays
hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
hemolytic reaction19.1 Hypersensitivities
hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR)19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
hemolytic transfusion reactions20.3 Agglutination Assays
hemolytic uremic syndrome11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Hemophilus4.2 Proteobacteria
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hemovigilance systems19.1 Hypersensitivities
hepatitis19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hepatitis A,18.5 Vaccines
hepatitis B18.5 Vaccines, 19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
Hepatitis B virus15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
hepatitis B virus (HBV)6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
hepatitis C14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Hepatitis C virus6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
hepatitis delta virus (HDV)6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
hepatitisviruses 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hepatocytes24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hepatotoxicity14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
herbalists14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
Herceptin20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
herd immunity18.5 Vaccines, 18.5 Vaccines
hereditary angioedema17.5 Inflammation and Fever
heredityIntroduction, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
herpes15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
herpes gladiatorum21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpes keratitis21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpes simplex virus6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
herpes simplex virus (HSV)21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
herpes virus14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Herpesvirus19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
herpesviruses 10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
herpetic gingivostomatitis24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
herpetic keratitis21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpetic whitlow21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Hershey and Chase10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
heterocysts4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
heterolactic fermentation8.4 Fermentation
heterotroph8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes, 8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
HEV24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hexachlorophene13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
hexose monophosphate shunt8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
Hfr cell11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Hib polysaccharide conjugate vaccine26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Hib vaccine26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
high G+C gram-positive bacteria4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
high-energy phosphate bond8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
high-pressure processing13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)19.1 Hypersensitivities
high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
high-throughput screening methods14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
Hippocrates1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
histamine17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
histidine10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
histone11.2 DNA Replication, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
histone-like proteins10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
histones10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.2 DNA Replication
Histoplasma capsulatum5.3 Fungi, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
histoplasmosis14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
HIV6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 19.4 Immunodeficiency, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs, 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
HIV infection19.4 Immunodeficiency
HIV/AIDS16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 16.4 Global Public Health
Hodgkin14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
holdfast4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
holoenzyme8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
holozoic5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
homolactic fermentation8.4 Fermentation, 8.4 Fermentation
Hooke2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World, 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
Hooke’s law of elasticity2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
hookworm5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 5.2 Parasitic Helminths
hookworm infection24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hookworms24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hopanoids7.3 Lipids
horizontal direct contact transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
horizontal gene transfer12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
horizontal gene transfer (HGT)10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
hospital-acquired MRSA21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
host range6.1 Viruses
hot tub rash7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
hot-tub lung19.1 Hypersensitivities
housekeeping genes10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
HPV18.5 Vaccines
HSV-1 and HSV-221.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Human African trypanosomiasis26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
human genome11.2 DNA Replication
human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human growth hormone12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
human herpesvirus21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4)25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5)25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
human microbiome4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
Human Microbiome Project4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
human papillomavirus (HPV)19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
human rabies immune globulin26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
human Rho(D) immune globulin19.1 Hypersensitivities
humanized monoclonal antibodies20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
humoral immunity18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
HUS24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hyaluronidase15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
hybridization12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
hybridoma20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
hycanthone14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
hydatid disease24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hydrocarbon chain7.3 Lipids
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
hydrogen bonds7.4 Proteins
hydrogen peroxide9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
hydrogenosomes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells, 5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
hydrolases23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
hydrophilic7.3 Lipids
hydrophobic7.3 Lipids, 7.3 Lipids, 7.3 Lipids
hydroxychloroquine22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
hydroxyl group7.3 Lipids
hygiene hypothesis19.1 Hypersensitivities
hyperbaric oxygen therapy13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hyperglycemia19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyperkalemia19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyperpigmentation19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hypersaline9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
hypersensitivity19.1 Hypersensitivities
hypersensitivity pneumonitis19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP)19.1 Hypersensitivities
hyperthermophiles4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria, 9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
hyperthyroidism19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hypertonic medium3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
hyphae5.3 Fungi
Hyphomicrobium4.2 Proteobacteria
hypodermis21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
hypoglycemia19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyponatremia19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyposensitization19.1 Hypersensitivities
hypotension19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hypothalamus17.5 Inflammation and Fever
hypothesis of causation16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
hypothyroidism19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hypotonic medium3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
I
iatrogenic botulism26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
iatrogenic disease15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
iChip14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
icosahedral6.1 Viruses
ID5015.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
ifosfamide25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
IgA18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
IgA protease26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
IgA1 protease26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
IgD18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
IgE18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
IgG18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 18.5 Vaccines, 20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production, 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes, 20.3 Agglutination Assays, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
IgM18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
IL-119.2 Autoimmune Disorders, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
IL-1219.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
IL-619.2 Autoimmune Disorders
illuminator2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
image point (focus)2.1 The Properties of Light
imidazoles14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
imipenem14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
imiquimod23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
Imlygic19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
immune complex19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
immunoblot 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunochromatographic assays20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunochromatographic RDT26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Immunocytochemistry (ICC)20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunodeficiency19.4 Immunodeficiency
immunodominant18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
immunoelectrophoresis (IEP)20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
immunofiltration20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunofluorescence2.3 Instruments of Microscopy, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
immunofluorescent staining6.1 Viruses
immunogens18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
immunoglobulin α protease23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
immunoglobulins18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
immunohematology19.1 Hypersensitivities
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Immunology1.3 Types of Microorganisms
immunostaining20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunosuppressant drug19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
impetigo3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
in situ bioremediation8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
in vitro6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
in vitro assays20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
in vivo6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
in-use test13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Inactivated vaccines18.5 Vaccines
incidence16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
inclusion conjunctivitis21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
inclusions3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
incubation period15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
India ink2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
indirect agglutination assay20.3 Agglutination Assays
indirect antiglobulin test (IAT)20.3 Agglutination Assays
Indirect contact transmission16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
indirect Coombs’ test20.3 Agglutination Assays
indirect ELISA20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA)2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
induced fit8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
induced mutation11.5 Mutations
inducer11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
inducible operon11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
induction6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
infection15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, Introduction, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
infectious arthritis25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
infectious disease15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
infectious mononucleosis25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
inflammation17.5 Inflammation and Fever, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
influenza15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
influenza A25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
influenza A virus22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Influenza B virus6.1 Viruses, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Influenza C virus22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
influenza pandemic22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
influenza vaccine6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
influenza virus6.2 The Viral Life Cycle, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
influenza viruses16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 20.3 Agglutination Assays
Influenzavirus15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
informed consent12.4 Gene Therapy
inhalation anthrax21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
inhalation botulism26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
inheritance11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
initiation factors11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
initiation of protein synthesis11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
initiation of replication11.2 DNA Replication
initiation of transcription11.3 RNA Transcription
initiation of translation11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
injection anthrax21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
injectisome23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
inoculum9.1 How Microbes Grow
inorganic compound7.1 Organic Molecules
inorganic phosphate [Pi]8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
insertion11.5 Mutations, 11.5 Mutations
Institute of Medicine12.4 Gene Therapy
insulinIntroduction, 12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, 19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
integrase inhibitors14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
interactions14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
intercalating agent11.5 Mutations
interference2.1 The Properties of Light
interferon14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
interferon alpha 2b24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
interferons12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, 17.2 Chemical Defenses
intergenic regions10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
interleukins17.2 Chemical Defenses
intermediate filaments3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
intermediate host16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
intermittent common source spread16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
internalins26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
internalization18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
International Classification of Diseases15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)6.1 Viruses
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)6.1 Viruses
International Union of Microbiological Societies6.1 Viruses
intertrigo21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
intestinal fluke5.2 Parasitic Helminths
intestinal flukes24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
intestine24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Intimin24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
intoxicationIntroduction, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
intracellular pathogens18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
intracellular targeting toxin15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
intradermal19.1 Hypersensitivities
intrinsic growth rate9.1 How Microbes Grow
intron11.3 RNA Transcription
intubation22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
invasin15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
invasion15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
invasion factors26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Investigational New Drug (IND) application12.4 Gene Therapy
iodine13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
iodophor13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
iodoquinol24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
ionizing radiation11.5 Mutations, 13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
Irish potato famine5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
iron lungs26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
iron-sulfur protein8.3 Cellular Respiration
iron-uptake factors26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
irritable bowel syndrome19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
ischemia25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
isograft19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
isohemagglutinin19.1 Hypersensitivities
isomerism7.1 Organic Molecules
isomers7.1 Organic Molecules
isoniazid14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance
isoprene7.3 Lipids
isoprene chains4.6 Archaea
isoprenoids7.3 Lipids
isopropyl alcohol13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
isothermal PCR12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
isotonic medium3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
isotretinoin21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
isotype18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
isotype switching18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
itraconazole21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Ivanovski6.1 Viruses
ivermectin14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Ixodes4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Ixodes scapularis5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Ixodes tick25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
J
J chain18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Jacob10.3 Structure and Function of RNA, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
Janssen2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
Japanese encephalitis26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Japanese encephalitis virus18.5 Vaccines
jaundice20.3 Agglutination Assays, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System, 24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
jock itch14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
jumping genes10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Justinian plague25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
K
kanamycin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance
Kaposi’s sarcoma25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Karenia brevis9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
karyogamy5.3 Fungi
keratin21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
keratitis5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
keratoconjunctivitis21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
ketoconazole14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 21.4 Mycoses of the Skin, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses, 22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
kidney transplants25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
kidneys23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
kinases15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
kinetoplastids5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
kinetoplasts14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Kingella kingae25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Kinyoun technique2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials, 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
Klarer14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
Klebsiella4.2 Proteobacteria, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Klebsiella pneumoniae14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Koch1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew, 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Koch’s postulates15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
koilocytes23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
Koplik’s spots22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Korarchaeota4.6 Archaea
Kossel10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
Krebs cycle8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
kuru6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
L
l form7.1 Organic Molecules
lac operon11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory, 11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
Lacks6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses, 6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
lacrimal ducts21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lacrimal gland21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lacrimal punctum21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lacrimal sac21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lactic acid23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
lactic acid bacteria24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
lactic acid bacteria (LAB)8.4 Fermentation
lactic acid fermentation8.4 Fermentation
Lactobacillales4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
lactobacilli24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Lactobacillus4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 7.1 Organic Molecules, 8.4 Fermentation, 9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth, 23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Lactococcus lactis13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
lactoferrin17.2 Chemical Defenses, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lactose7.2 Carbohydrates, 7.2 Carbohydrates
lacZ12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering, 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
lag period18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
lag phase9.1 How Microbes Grow
lagging strand11.2 DNA Replication
lambda12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Laminaria5.4 Algae
Lamisil14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
lamivudine24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Lancefield3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 20.3 Agglutination Assays, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Lancefield group4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Lancefield groups7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
lancet-shaped diplococci26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Landsteiner19.1 Hypersensitivities, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
lansoprazole24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
large intestine24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
large subunit11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
laryngitis22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
laryngopharynx22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
larynx22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
last universal common ancestor (LUCA)4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
latent disease15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
latent infection6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
latent period18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
latent virus6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lateral flow tests20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
latex allergy19.1 Hypersensitivities
latex beads20.3 Agglutination Assays
latex fixation assay20.3 Agglutination Assays
Lawrence13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
LD5015.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
leading strand11.2 DNA Replication
lectin activation pathway17.2 Chemical Defenses
Leeuwenhoek1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
Legionella4.2 Proteobacteria, 4.2 Proteobacteria
Legionella pneumophila15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Legionnaires disease4.2 Proteobacteria, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Leishmania5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
leishmaniasis14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis, 25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lenses2.1 The Properties of Light
lepromatous (multibacillary) Hansen’s disease26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
leprosy4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Leptospira4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
leptospirosis23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Leptothrix4.2 Proteobacteria
Leptotrichia23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
lesions21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
Leuconostoc4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 8.4 Fermentation
leukemia19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
leukocidin25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
leukocidins15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
leukocyte esterase23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
leukocytes17.3 Cellular Defenses
leukopenia25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
leukotrienes17.2 Chemical Defenses, 19.1 Hypersensitivities
levofloxacin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
lice16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
lichen5.5 Lichens
life cycle25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
ligation12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
light chains18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
light microscopes2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
light-dependent reaction8.6 Photosynthesis
light-harvesting complex8.6 Photosynthesis
light-independent reaction8.6 Photosynthesis, 8.6 Photosynthesis
Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
lincomycin14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
lincosamides14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance
linezolid14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
linked recognition18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
Linn12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Linnaean taxonomy1.2 A Systematic Approach
Linnaeus1.2 A Systematic Approach
lipases8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
lipid7.3 Lipids
lipid A15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
lipid-bilayer7.3 Lipids
lipids7.1 Organic Molecules
lipoglycans23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
lipooligosaccharide23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
lipooligosaccharide (LOS) endotoxin26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
lipopeptides17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
lipopolysaccharide24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity, 24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis, 17.5 Inflammation and Fever
lipoprotein7.4 Proteins
liposome7.3 Lipids
lipoteichoic acids24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Lippershey2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
liquid nitrogen13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
Lister3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory, 13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms, 13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants, 16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
Listeria monocytogenes4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth, 15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
listeriolysin O26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
listeriosis4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
lithotroph8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
live attenuated vaccine22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Live attenuated vaccines18.5 Vaccines
liver24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
liver cancer15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
liver flukes5.2 Parasitic Helminths, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Loa loa21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
local infection15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
lockjaw26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
logarithmic (log) growth phase9.1 How Microbes Grow
loiasis21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
lophotrichous3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
LOS26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Louis Pasteur18.5 Vaccines
low G+C gram-positive bacteria4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria, 4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
LPS15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
LUCA4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
lucanthone14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
lumbar puncture26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System, 26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
lumefantrine25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lumen3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
lupus19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
Lyme disease4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria, 12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein, 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 20.4 EIAs and ELISAs, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymph25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymph nodes18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymphadenitis25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymphangitis25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymphatic filariasis17.5 Inflammation and Fever
lymphatic system18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymphoblasts18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
lymphocytes19.1 Hypersensitivities
lymphocytosis19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
lymphogranuloma venereum4.2 Proteobacteria, 23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
lymphopenia19.4 Immunodeficiency
lyophilization13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
lysis6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogen6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogenic conversion6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogenic cycle6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogeny6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysosomes3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
lysozyme17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Lytic animal viruses6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lytic cycle6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
M
M protein3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells, 15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens, 20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes, 20.3 Agglutination Assays, 21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes, 25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
MacConkey agar9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
MacLeod10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life, 11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
macrolide antibiotics25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
macrolides14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.5 Drug Resistance, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract, 24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
macromolecule7.1 Organic Molecules
macronucleus5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
macronutrient7.1 Organic Molecules
macrophage22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
macrophages17.2 Chemical Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.3 Cellular Defenses, 17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity, 19.4 Immunodeficiency
macules21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes, 21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
mad cow disease6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions, 26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
magnetosomes3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
magnetotaxis3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Magnification2.1 The Properties of Light
major basic protein (MBP)17.3 Cellular Defenses
major histocompatibility complex18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
major histocompatibility complex (MHC)17.3 Cellular Defenses, 18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
major histocompatibility complex markers19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
malachite green2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens, 2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
malaise24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
malariaIntroduction, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs, 15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens, 16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists, 16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission, 16.4 Global Public Health,