Symbols
+ssRNA
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
3-PGA
8.6 Photosynthesis
3-phosphoglycerate
8.6 Photosynthesis
454 sequencing (pyrosequencing)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
5’ cap
11.3 RNA Transcription
70S ribosome
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
70S ribosomes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
80S ribosomes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
α carbon
7.4 Proteins
α-helix
7.4 Proteins
β-lactam ring
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance
β-lactamase inhibitors
14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
β-lactamases
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
β-lactams
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
β-oxidation
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
β-pleated sheet
7.4 Proteins
β-propionolactone
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
β2 microglobulin
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
A
A (aminoacyl) site
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
A-B exotoxin
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
A-B exotoxins
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
ABO blood group system
19.1 Hypersensitivities
abscess
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Absorbance
2.1 The Properties of Light
Acanthamoeba
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Acanthamoeba keratitis
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
acetone
8.4 Fermentation
acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation
8.4 Fermentation
Acetothermus
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Acetothermus paucivorans
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
acetylation
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
acetylcholine
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
acid fuchsin
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acid-fast bacteria
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acid-fast bacterium
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
acid-fast stain
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acidic dye
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
acidophile
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
19.4 Immunodeficiency
acridine orange
11.5 Mutations
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Actinobacteria
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Actinomyces
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
activated macrophages
19.1 Hypersensitivities
activation energy
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
activation of B cells
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
activation of cytotoxic T cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
active carrier
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Active immunity
18.5 Vaccines
active site
7.4 Proteins,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
11.5 Mutations
active transport
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
acute disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
acute glomerulonephritis
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute GVHD
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
acute herpes labialis
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
acute inflammation
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
acute otitis media
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acute phase
20.3 Agglutination Assays
acute rheumatic fever
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
acyclovir
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Adaptive immunity
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Addison disease
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
adenine-arabinoside
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
adenosine deaminase deficiency
12.4 Gene Therapy
adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
adenovirus
12.4 Gene Therapy,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
adhesin
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
adhesins
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
adhesion
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
adhesion factors
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
adipose tissue
7.3 Lipids
adrenal glands
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Aedes aegypti
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
Introduction,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Aedes africanus
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Aedes albopictus
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
aerial filaments
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Aeromonas hydrophila
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aerosols
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
aerotolerant anaerobe
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
affinity maturation
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Affirm VPII Microbial Identification Test
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
affitins
4.6 Archaea
African sleeping sickness
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
African trypanosomiasis
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Agarose gel electrophoresis
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
agglutinate
19.1 Hypersensitivities
agglutination reactions
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
aggregation
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Agrobacterium
4.2 Proteobacteria
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
AIDS
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
al-Razi
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
alanine aminotransferase
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
alarmones
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
albendazole
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Alcanivorax borkumensis
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
alcohol fermentation
8.4 Fermentation
Alexandrium
5.4 Algae
algal bloom
5.4 Algae
algal blooms
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
algal chloroplasts
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
alkaline phosphatase
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
alkaliphile
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
alkylating agent
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
allergic rhinitis
19.1 Hypersensitivities
allergy
19.1 Hypersensitivities
allograft
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
allosteric activator
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
allosteric site
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
allylamines
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Alphaproteobacteria
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
alternative pathway
17.2 Chemical Defenses
alternative splicing
11.3 RNA Transcription
alveoli
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
amantadine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Amblyomma americanum
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
American trypanosomiasis
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Ames
11.5 Mutations
Ames test
11.5 Mutations
amikacin
14.5 Drug Resistance
amine group
7.4 Proteins
amino acids
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
amino groups
7.4 Proteins
aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
aminoglycoside resistance
14.5 Drug Resistance
aminoglycosides
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aminopenicillins
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ammonification
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
amoebic dysentery
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoebic keratitis
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
amoxicillin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
amoxicillin clavulanate
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
amphipathic
7.3 Lipids
amphitrichous
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
amphotericin B
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
ampicillin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
amplitude
2.1 The Properties of Light
Amsel’s diagnostic criteria
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Amycolatopsis orientalis
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Anabaena cylindrica
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
anaerobic chamber
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
anaerobic jar
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Analytical epidemiology
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
anaphylactic shock
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
anchorage dependency
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
Ancylostoma doudenale
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Anderson
8.6 Photosynthesis
anemia
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
angioedema
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Anopheles mosquito
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
anoxygenic photosynthesis
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
8.6 Photosynthesis
anthrax
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
18.5 Vaccines,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
anthrax vaccine
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
anti-AChR antibodies
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs)
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
anti-parasitic defenses
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
anti-Rh factor antibodies
19.1 Hypersensitivities
antibacterial drugs
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
antibiogram
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
antibiotic resistance
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
antibiotic-associated diarrhea
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
antibodies
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
antibody class switching
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antibody production
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antibody screen
20.3 Agglutination Assays
antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
anticodon
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
antifungal drugs
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antifungal medications
5.3 Fungi
antigen binding
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
antigen drift
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
antigen mimicry
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
antigen presenting cells (APCs)
19.1 Hypersensitivities
antigen-binding cleft
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
antigen-binding sites
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
antigenic drift
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
antigenic shift
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
antigenic variation
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
antihistamine
19.1 Hypersensitivities
antimetabolites
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antimicrobial drugs
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
antimicrobial peptides
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
17.2 Chemical Defenses
antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST)
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
antinuclear antibodies
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
antiparallel
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
antiphagocytic proteins
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
antiretroviral therapy
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
antiretroviral therapy (ART)
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
antisense strand
11.3 RNA Transcription
antisepsis
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
antivaxxers
18.5 Vaccines
API strips
8.4 Fermentation
apical complex
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
apicomplexans
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
aplastic anemia
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
apoenzyme
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
aponeurosis
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
apoptosis
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy,
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
Aquifex
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Aquificae
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
arachadonic acid
19.1 Hypersensitivities
arachnoid mater
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
arboviral encephalitis
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
arboviruses
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
archaea
1.2 A Systematic Approach,
1.3 Types of Microorganisms,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.6 Archaea,
11.3 RNA Transcription,
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation),
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
archaeal cell walls
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
archaeal membrane
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Archaeplastida
5.4 Algae
Archaeplastids
5.4 Algae
Aristotle
3.1 Spontaneous Generation
artemisinin
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
arthritis
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Arthrobacter
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
arthropod
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Arthus reaction
19.1 Hypersensitivities
ascariasis
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Ascaris lumbricoides
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
ascocarps
5.3 Fungi
Ascomycota
5.3 Fungi
ascospores
5.3 Fungi
ascus
5.3 Fungi
aseptic technique
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
asexual reproduction
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
aspartate aminotransferase
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
aspergillosis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Aspergillus
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Aspergillus flavus
5.3 Fungi
Astroviridae
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Astroviruses
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
asymptomatic
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
asymptomatic carrier
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
atherosclerosis
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
athlete’s foot
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
atomic force microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Atopobium vaginae
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
atovaquone
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
ATP synthase
8.3 Cellular Respiration
Attachment
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
attenuated vaccine
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
attenuation
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
atypical bacteria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
atypical pneumonia
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
autoclave tape
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
autocrine function
17.2 Chemical Defenses
autograft
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
autoimmune disease
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
autoimmune disorders
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
20.3 Agglutination Assays
autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS)
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
autoimmunity
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
autoinducers
9.1 How Microbes Grow
automated, cell-counting
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
autoradiography
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
autotransporter proteins
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
auxotroph
11.5 Mutations
avermectins
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Avery
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
20.3 Agglutination Assays
avian influenza
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
avian influenza virus A
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Avocado sunblotch viroid
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
azidothymidine/zidovudine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
azithromycin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Azotobacter
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
aztreonam
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
B
B cells
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
B lymphocytes
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
B-cell maturation
19.4 Immunodeficiency
B-cell receptors (BCRs)
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
B. anthracis
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
babesiosis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bacillariophyta
5.4 Algae
bacillary angiomatosis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacillary dysentery
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
bacillary peliosis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bacillus
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Bacillus anthracis
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Bacillus cereus
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Bacillus firmus
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
Bacillus mesentericus
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
bacteremia
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacteria
1.2 A Systematic Approach,
1.3 Types of Microorganisms,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria
bacterial cell walls
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
bacterial endocarditis
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
bacterial genomes
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
bacterial keratitis
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
bacterial lawn
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
bacterial meningitis
4.2 Proteobacteria,
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
bacterial pneumonia
16.4 Global Public Health,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bacterial toxins
18.5 Vaccines
bacterial transformation
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
bacterial vaginosis (BV)
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
bactericidal
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
bactericide
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
bacteriochlorophyll
8.6 Photosynthesis
bacteriochlorophylls
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
bacteriocins
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
bacteriology
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
bacteriophage preparation
6.1 Viruses
Bacteriophages
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses,
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bacteriorhodopsin
4.6 Archaea
bacteriostatic
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Bacteroides
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Bacteroidetes
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Bactrim
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Balantidium coli
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Baltimore classification system
6.1 Viruses
Bartonella
4.2 Proteobacteria
Bartonella henselae
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Bartonella quintana
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
basal body
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
base sequence
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
basic dye
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
basidia
5.3 Fungi
basidiocarps
5.3 Fungi
Basidiomycota
5.3 Fungi
basidiospores
5.3 Fungi
basophils
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
batch culture
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Beadle and Tatum
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
Beggiatoa
4.2 Proteobacteria
Beijerinck
6.1 Viruses
benzalkonium chlorides
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
benzathine benzylpenicillin
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
benzimidazoles
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
benzoic acid
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
benzoyl peroxide
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Betaproteobacteria
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
bifidobacteria
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
binary fission
9.1 How Microbes Grow
binocular
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
binomial nomenclature
1.2 A Systematic Approach
biochemistry
7.1 Organic Molecules
biofilm
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
biofilms
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
7.4 Proteins,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
biofuel
8.4 Fermentation
biological indicator spore tests
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
biological safety cabinet
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
biological safety levels
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Biological transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
bioluminescence
4.2 Proteobacteria
biomolecule
7.1 Organic Molecules
biopolymers
7.4 Proteins
bioremediation
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
biosynthesis
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
biotechnology
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bioterrorism
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
bisbiguanide
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
bismuth subsalicylate
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Blackburn
11.2 DNA Replication
bladder infections
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
blocking antibodies
19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood clotting
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
blood flukes
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
blood-brain barrier
17.1 Physical Defenses,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
blood-group antigens
19.1 Hypersensitivities
blood-spinal cord barrier
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
bloodstream infections
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
blue-white screening
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
bone marrow
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
bone marrow ablation
19.4 Immunodeficiency
Bordet-Gengou medium
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Bordetella
4.2 Proteobacteria
Bordetella pertussis
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Borrelia
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Borrelia burgdorferi
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
botulinum toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
botulism
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
18.5 Vaccines,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
bradycardia
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
brain heart infusion
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
breakbone fever
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
bridge reaction
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
brightfield microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Broad Street cholera epidemic
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
broad-spectrum antimicrobial
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Brock
Introduction
bronchitis
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
bronchoalveolar lavage
19.1 Hypersensitivities
brown algae
5.4 Algae
Bruton
19.4 Immunodeficiency
Bruton X-linked agammaglobulinemia
19.4 Immunodeficiency
BSL-3
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
BSL-3 microbe
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
BSL-4
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
budding
9.1 How Microbes Grow
budding yeasts
5.3 Fungi
bullae
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Burkholderia
4.2 Proteobacteria
Burkholderia cepacia
7.4 Proteins
Burkholderiales
4.2 Proteobacteria
Burkitt lymphoma
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
burst
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
burst size
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
butanol
8.4 Fermentation
butoconazole
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
C
C-reactive protein
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
C-reactive protein (CRP)
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
C. difficile
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
C. perfringens
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
C. tritaeniorhynchus
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
C1 complex
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Calabar swellings
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
calcium propionate
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
calibration curve
9.1 How Microbes Grow
caliciviruses
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Calvin-Benson cycle
8.6 Photosynthesis
CAMP factor
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Campylobacter
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Campylobacter jejuni
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
campylobacteriosis
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cancer vaccines
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
Candida
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
17.1 Physical Defenses,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Candida albicans
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
5.3 Fungi,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
candidiasis
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
candle jar
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
capnophiles
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
capreomycin
14.5 Drug Resistance
capsid
6.1 Viruses
capsomere
6.1 Viruses
capsular serotypes
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
capsule staining
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
capsules
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
carbamide peroxide
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
carbapenem
14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenem resistance
14.5 Drug Resistance
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants,
14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenemase
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
carbapenemases
14.5 Drug Resistance
carbapenems
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
carbohydrates
7.3 Lipids
carbolfuchsin
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
carbolic acid
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
carbon cycle
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
carbonic acid
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
carbonyl group
7.4 Proteins
carboxyl group
7.4 Proteins
carboxylic acid
7.4 Proteins
carboxysome
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
carbuncle
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
carcinogenesis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Cardiobacterium hominis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cardiolipin
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
cardiotoxicity
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
carotenoid
8.6 Photosynthesis
carrier molecule
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Carter Center
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Case-control studies
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
caseinase
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
cat-scratch disease (CSD)
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
catabolite activator protein (CAP)
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
catalase
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
catalase test
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
catalyst
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
catarrhal stage
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
catheter-related bloodstream infection
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
catheters
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Caulobacter
4.2 Proteobacteria
causative agent
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
CCA amino acid binding end
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
CD4
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
CD95 (Fas) cytotoxic pathway
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
CDC
18.5 Vaccines
cDNA
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
ceftazidime
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
ceftriaxone
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
celiac disease
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
cell cycle
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
cell envelope
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cell junctions
17.1 Physical Defenses
cell membrane
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cell theory
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
cell wall
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cell-mediated cytotoxicity
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
cell-mediated immune response
19.4 Immunodeficiency
cellular immunity
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
cellular respiration
8.6 Photosynthesis
cellular slime molds
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
cementum
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
12.4 Gene Therapy
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
central dogma
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
central nervous system (CNS)
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
central tolerance
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
centrosomes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cephalosporin
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cephalosporin C
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
cephalosporins
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Cephalosporium acremonium
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
cercarial dermatitis
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
cerumen
17.2 Chemical Defenses
Cervarix vaccine
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cervical cancer
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
cervical cancers
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cesarean section
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
cestodes
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cetrimide agar
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
cetylpyrimidine chloride
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
CFB group
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chagas disease
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
chain termination method
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Chamberland filters
6.1 Viruses
Chargaff
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
Chargaff’s rules
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
charged tRNA
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Charophyta
5.4 Algae
cheese
8.4 Fermentation
Cheese handler’s disease
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Chemical fixatives
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
chemical mediators
17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemically defined medium
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
chemiosmosis
8.3 Cellular Respiration
chemoheterotroph
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
chemokines
17.2 Chemical Defenses
chemostat
9.1 How Microbes Grow
chemotherapy
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chemotroph
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
chickenpox
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
Introduction,
18.5 Vaccines,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chikungunya fever
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chirality
7.1 Organic Molecules
chitin
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
5.3 Fungi,
5.3 Fungi,
7.2 Carbohydrates,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Chlamydia
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chlamydia psittaci
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Chlamydia trachomatis
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Chlamydomonas
5.4 Algae
Chlamydomonas nivalis
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
chloramines
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
chloramphenicol
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Chlorella
5.4 Algae
chlorhexidine
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
chlorine bleach
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Chlorobium
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chloroflexus
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
chlorophyll
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
8.6 Photosynthesis
chlorophylls
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Chlorophyta
5.4 Algae
chloroplast
8.6 Photosynthesis
chloroquine
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
chocolate agar
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cholera
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
18.5 Vaccines,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholera enterotoxin
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cholera toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
choline-binding proteins
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Chromalveolata
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.4 Algae
chromatin remodeling
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
Chromatium
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Chromobacterium violaceum
19.4 Immunodeficiency
chromogen
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
chromogenic substrate
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
chromophores
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
chromosome
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
chromosomes
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
chronic disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
chronic granulomatous disease
19.4 Immunodeficiency
chronic GVHD
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
chronic infection
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
chronic inflammation
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
chronic myelogenous leukemia
19.4 Immunodeficiency
chronic wasting disease
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Chrysophyta
5.4 Algae
chytrids
5.3 Fungi
cilia
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
ciliated epithelial cells
17.1 Physical Defenses
ciprofloxacin
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Circoviridae
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
circulatory system
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
citric acid cycle
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
citrus tristeza virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
clarithromycin
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
class switching
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
classical complement cascade
19.1 Hypersensitivities
clean catch
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
climate change
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
clindamycin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cloflucarban
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
clonal proliferation
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
Clonorchis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Clonorchis sinensis
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
closed culture
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Clostridioides difficile
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
17.1 Physical Defenses,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridioides difficile toxin A
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridioides difficile toxin B
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Clostridium botulinum
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Clostridium perfringens
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Clostridium tetani
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
clotrimazole
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
co-stimulation
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
co-stimulatory signal
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
coagulase
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
coarse focusing knob
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
coenocytic hyphae
5.3 Fungi
coenzyme
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
coenzyme A
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
coenzyme Q
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
cofactor
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
cognate amino acid
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
cohort method
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
colistin
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
collagen-specific adhesin NcaA
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
collagenase
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
colonization factor (CF)
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
colonization factors
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
colony-forming unit
9.1 How Microbes Grow
commercial sterilization
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
common cold
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
common source spread
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
common warts
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
communicable
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
community-acquired MRSA
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
competitive exclusion
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
competitive inhibitor
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
competitive interactions
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
complement
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
complement activation
17.2 Chemical Defenses
complement cascade
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement fixation test
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complement proteins
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
complementary base pairing
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
complementary base pairs
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
complementary DNA (cDNA)
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
complementary strand
11.2 DNA Replication
complex
6.1 Viruses
complex media
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
compound microscope
2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
Conan the Bacterium
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
concave lenses
2.1 The Properties of Light
concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs)
14.5 Drug Resistance
condenser lens
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
conditional mutation
11.5 Mutations
confirmatory test
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
confocal microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
confocal microscopy
9.1 How Microbes Grow
congenital syphilis
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
conidia
5.3 Fungi
conjugated proteins
7.4 Proteins
conjugation
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
conjugation pilus
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
conjunctivitis
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
constant region
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
constitutive genes
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
constitutive secretory pathways
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
constitutively expressed
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
contact
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
contact inhibition
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses,
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
contact lenses
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Contact transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
contagious
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
continuous cell line
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
continuous common source spread
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
contractile vacuole
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
contrast
2.1 The Properties of Light
convalescence stage
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
convalescent phase
20.3 Agglutination Assays
convex lens
2.1 The Properties of Light
convulsive ergotism
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
cooperative interactions
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
Coquillettidia
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
coronavirus
16.4 Global Public Health,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cortex
5.5 Lichens
corticosteroid
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
corticosteroids
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Corynebacterium
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Coulter counter
9.1 How Microbes Grow
counterstain
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
cowpox
18.5 Vaccines
Coxiella
4.2 Proteobacteria
Coxiella burnetii
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Crenarchaeota
4.6 Archaea
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
Crick
11.2 DNA Replication
crisis phase
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
critical item
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
cross-linkage
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
cross-match
20.3 Agglutination Assays
cross-presentation
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
cross-reactivity
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production,
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
cross-resistance
14.5 Drug Resistance
cross-sectional study
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
crown
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
crustose lichens
5.5 Lichens
cryotherapy
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
cryptococcal meningitis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
cryptococcosis
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Cryptococcus
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Cryptococcus neoformans
5.3 Fungi,
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cryptosporidiosis
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Cryptosporidium
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Cryptosporidium parvum
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
CSF
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
cucumber mosaic virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
Culex tarsalis
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
culture density
9.1 How Microbes Grow
culture medium
9.1 How Microbes Grow
cutaneous candidiasis
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
cutaneous larva migrans
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cutaneous leishmaniasis
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cutaneous mycoses
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
Cutibacterium
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Cutibacterium acnes
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
cyanobacteria
1.3 Types of Microorganisms,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
5.5 Lichens,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
cyanobacterial blooms
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
cyanosis
19.1 Hypersensitivities
cyclic AMP (cAMP)
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
cyclic photophosphorylation
8.6 Photosynthesis
cyclophosphamide
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Cyclospora cayetanensis
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cyclosporiasis
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cystic echinococcosis
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cystic fibrosis
7.4 Proteins,
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
12.4 Gene Therapy,
17.1 Physical Defenses,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cysticercosis
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cytochrome
8.3 Cellular Respiration
cytochrome oxidase
8.3 Cellular Respiration
cytokine storm
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
cytokines
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytokinesis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cytolethal distending toxin
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cytomegalovirus
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.5 Vaccines,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
cytomegalovirus (CMV)
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
cytopathic effects
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Cytopathic effects (CPEs)
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
Cytophaga
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides (CFB)
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
cytoplasmic membrane
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
cytosine
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
cytoskeleton
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
cytotoxic hypersensitivities
19.1 Hypersensitivities
cytotoxic T cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
cytotoxic T lymphocyte
19.1 Hypersensitivities
cytotoxic T lymphocytes
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
cytotoxicity
17.3 Cellular Defenses
cytotoxin necrotizing factor
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
D
d form
7.1 Organic Molecules
dacryocystitis
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
daptomycin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
darkfield microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
darkfield microscopy
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
De Contagione
2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
dead zone
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
death phase
9.1 How Microbes Grow
debridement
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
decimal reduction time (DRT)
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
decolorizing agent
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
deeply branching bacteria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
defensins
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
definitive host
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Deinococcus radiodurans
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
delayed-type hypersensitivities (DTH)
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Deltaproteobacteria
4.2 Proteobacteria
demyelination
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
denaturation
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
denatured
7.4 Proteins
dendrites
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
dendritic cells
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
dengue fever
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
denitrification
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
dental calculus
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
dental caries
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
dental plaque
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
dentin
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
deoxyadenosine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
deoxyribonucleotides
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
deoxyribose
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
dephosphorylation
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Dermacentor variabilis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
dermatophytes
5.3 Fungi,
5.5 Lichens,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
dermis
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
Descriptive epidemiology
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
desensitization
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Desulfovibrio
4.2 Proteobacteria
detergents
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
dexamethasone
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
diabetes
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
diabetes mellitus
19.4 Immunodeficiency
diabetic foot
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
diapedesis
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
diaphragm
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
diarylquinolines
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Dictyostelium discoideum
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
dideoxy method
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
dideoxynucleotides
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
diethylcarbamazine
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopes
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
differential media
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
differential staining
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
diffraction
2.1 The Properties of Light
digestive system
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
diglyceride
7.3 Lipids
dikaryotic
5.3 Fungi
diloxanide furoate
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
dimorphic fungi
5.3 Fungi
dioecious
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
dipeptide
7.4 Proteins
diphtheria
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
18.5 Vaccines,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
diphtheria toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Diphyllobothrium
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Diphylobothrium latum
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
direct agglutination assay
20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct antihuman globulin test (DAT)
20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct contact transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
direct Coombs’ test
20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct ELISA
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) tests
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
direct hemagglutination assays
20.3 Agglutination Assays
direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA)
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
direct microscopic cell count
9.1 How Microbes Grow
direct repair
11.5 Mutations
directly observed therapy (DOT)
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Dirofilaria immitis,
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
disaccharide
7.2 Carbohydrates
disinfection
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
disk-diffusion method
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
dispersal
9.1 How Microbes Grow
dispersion
2.1 The Properties of Light
disulfide bond
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
disulfide bonds
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
disulfide bridge
7.4 Proteins
divisome
9.1 How Microbes Grow
DNA
Introduction,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material,
11.2 DNA Replication
DNA fingerprinting
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
DNA gyrase
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.2 DNA Replication
DNA ligase
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.2 DNA Replication,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
DNA methylation
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
DNA packaging
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
DNA probe
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
DNA replication
11.5 Mutations
DNA vaccines
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
18.5 Vaccines
Dochez
20.3 Agglutination Assays
Domagk
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
doripenem
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
dosage
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
double helix
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
double immunodiffusion
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
double-blind studies
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
double-stranded origin (dso) site
11.2 DNA Replication
double-stranded RNA
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
doubling time
9.1 How Microbes Grow
doxycycline
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Dracunculiasis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Dracunculus medinensis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
droplet nucleus
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
droplet sprays
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
droplet transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
drug resistance
14.5 Drug Resistance
dry weight of a culture sample
9.1 How Microbes Grow
dry-heat sterilization
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
dsRNA
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
Dunaliella salina
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
dura mater
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
dural sheath
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
dysentery
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
dyspnea
19.1 Hypersensitivities
E
E (exit) site
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
E. coli
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation),
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation),
11.5 Mutations,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
19.4 Immunodeficiency
ear infection
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
East African trypanosomiasis
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Ebola epidemics
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
Ebola hemorrhagic fever
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
Ebola virus
18.5 Vaccines
echinocandins
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Echinococcus granulosus
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
eclipse phase
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
econazole
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
ectopic pregnancy
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
ectoplasm
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
edema
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Edward Jenner
18.5 Vaccines
effector cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
efflux pumps
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Ehrlichia
4.2 Proteobacteria
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Eikenella corrodens
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
electrochemical gradient
8.6 Photosynthesis
electromagnetic radiation (EMR)
2.1 The Properties of Light
electron carrier
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
electron donor
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
electron microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
electron transfer
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
electron transport system
8.6 Photosynthesis
electron transport system (ETS)
8.3 Cellular Respiration
electronic cell counting device
9.1 How Microbes Grow
electroporation
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
elementary bodies
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
elephantiasis
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
ELISA
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
elongation in DNA replication
11.2 DNA Replication
elongation in transcription
11.3 RNA Transcription
elongation of translation
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway
8.4 Fermentation
embryonated bird’s egg
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
emerging infectious diseases
16.4 Global Public Health
Emerson respirators
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
enamel
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
enantiomers
7.1 Organic Molecules
encephalitis
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
encystment
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
endemic disease
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
endocarditis
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
endocrine function
17.2 Chemical Defenses
endocytosis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
endomembrane system
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
endomysium
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
endoplasm
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
endoscope
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
endoscopy
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
endospore
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
Endospore staining
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
endospores
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy,
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
endosymbiotic hypothesis
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
endosymbiotic theory
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
endothelia
17.1 Physical Defenses
endothelial cells
17.1 Physical Defenses
endotoxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enfuviritide
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
enhancer
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
enriched media
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
enrichment culture
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
Entamoeba
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Entamoeba histolytica
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
enteric
4.2 Proteobacteria
enteritis necroticans
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Enterobacter
4.2 Proteobacteria
Enterobacter spp.
14.5 Drug Resistance
Enterobacteriaceae
4.2 Proteobacteria,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
Enterobius vermicularis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Enterococcus faecalis
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Enterococcus faecium
14.5 Drug Resistance
Enterocystozoan bieneusi
5.3 Fungi
enterocyte effacement
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterohemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7)
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterotoxigenic E. coli
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enterotoxin
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
enterotoxins
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
enteroviruses
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
enveloped virus
6.1 Viruses
enzyme
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Enzyme IIA
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
enzyme immunoassays (EIAs)
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs)
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs)
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
eosinophils
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
epidemic disease
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
epidemic typhus
4.2 Proteobacteria,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
epididymitis
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
epigenetic regulation
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
epigenetics
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
EpiPen
Introduction
epiphytes
5.5 Lichens
epithelial cells
17.1 Physical Defenses
epitopes
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Epsilonproteobacteria
4.2 Proteobacteria
Epstein-Barr virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Epulopiscium
9.1 How Microbes Grow
equivalence zone
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
ergosterol
7.3 Lipids,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Erwinia
4.2 Proteobacteria
erythema infectiosum
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
erythema nodosum
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
erythrocyte
17.3 Cellular Defenses
erythrocyte antigen
19.1 Hypersensitivities
erythrogenic toxin
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
erythromycin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Escherichia
4.2 Proteobacteria
Escherichia coli
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
Introduction,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
Introduction,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Escherichia coli O157:H7
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
ESKAPE pathogens
14.5 Drug Resistance
estrogen
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
ETEC
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
ether linkages
4.6 Archaea
ethyl alcohol
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Ethylene oxide
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
etiologic agent
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
etiology
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
etravirine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
eucalyptol
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Euglenozoa
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
eukaryote
1.2 A Systematic Approach
eukaryotic cells
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
eukaryotic flagella
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
eukaryotic membranes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
Eumycetozoa
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Euryarchaeota
4.6 Archaea
eustachian tube
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
ex situ bioremediation
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
Excavata
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
excystment
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
exergonic reaction
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
exoenzyme S
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
exonuclease
11.2 DNA Replication
exophthalmia
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
exotoxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Experimental epidemiology
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
experimental studies
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
exponential growth phase
9.1 How Microbes Grow
exposure
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)
14.5 Drug Resistance
extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
14.5 Drug Resistance
extracellular matrix
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
extracellular pathogens
19.4 Immunodeficiency
extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)
9.1 How Microbes Grow
extravasation
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
extremophiles
4.6 Archaea
EZ medium
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
F
F pilus
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Fab antigen-binding sites
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
facilitated diffusion
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
facultative anaerobe
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
facultative intracellular pathogens
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
false-negative
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
false-positive
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
false-positives
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
famciclovir
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
FAME analysis
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
Far-western blots
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
farmer’s lung
19.1 Hypersensitivities
fasciolopsiasis
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Fasciolopsis buski
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fastidious organisms
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
fatal familial insomnia
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
fatty acid
7.3 Lipids
fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
Fc receptors
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
fecal transplant
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fecal transplantation
17.1 Physical Defenses
feedback inhibition
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
fermentation
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew,
8.4 Fermentation,
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
ferritin
17.2 Chemical Defenses
Ferroplasma
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
fertility factor
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
fibrinogen
17.2 Chemical Defenses
fibrinogen-to-fibrin cascade
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
fifth disease
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
filiform warts
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
fimbriae
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
fine focusing knob
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Firmicutes
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
fixation
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
flaccid cardiomegaly
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
flaccid paralysis
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Flagella
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
4.6 Archaea,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
flagella staining
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
flat warts
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
flatworms
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
flavin adenine dinucleotide
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Flavivirus
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
flavoprotein
8.3 Cellular Respiration
flesh-eating bacterial syndrome
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
flocculant
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
flow cytometry
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluconazole
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
flucytosine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
fluid mosaic model
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy,
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
fluorescence microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS)
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorescent
2.1 The Properties of Light
fluorescent antibody (FA) techniques
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorescent enzyme immunoassays (FEIAs)
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
fluoride
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
fluorochromes
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
fluorogen
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
fluorophore
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
fluoroquinolones
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
focal infection
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
focal length
2.1 The Properties of Light
focal point
2.1 The Properties of Light
folic acid
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
foliose lichens
5.5 Lichens
folliculitis
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Food and Drug Administration
12.4 Gene Therapy
food poisoning
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
food preservation
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
foodborne botulism
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
foodborne disease
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
foodborne illness
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
foodborne transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
foreign epitopes
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
forensic science
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
formalin
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
formed elements
17.3 Cellular Defenses
Fornicata
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Fracastoro
2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World,
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
fragmentation
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Francisella tularensis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Frankia
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Franklin
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
free protein antigens
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
free ribosomes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
frequency
2.1 The Properties of Light
fructose
7.1 Organic Molecules,
7.2 Carbohydrates,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
fruiting bodies
4.2 Proteobacteria
frustules
5.4 Algae
fruticose lichens
5.5 Lichens
Fuligo septica
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
fulminant hepatitis
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
functional groups
7.1 Organic Molecules
fungicide
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
fungicides
5.3 Fungi
fungistatic
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
furuncle
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
fusion inhibitors
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Fusobacterium
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
G
gallbladder
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
gamma aminobutyric acid
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
gamma irradiation
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
Gammaproteobacteria
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
ganciclovir
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
gangrenous ergotism
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Gardasil vaccine
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
Gardnerella vaginalis
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
gas chromatography (GC)
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
gas gangrene
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
gastritis
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
gastroenteritis
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
gastrointestinal anthrax
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
gastrointestinal tract
19.4 Immunodeficiency
gelatinase
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
gene expression
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
Generalized transduction
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
generation time
9.1 How Microbes Grow
genetic code
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
genetic diversity
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
genetic engineering
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
genetic rearrangement
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
genetics
Introduction,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
genital herpes
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
genital warts
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
genomic library
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
gentamicin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Geobacillus
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
germ theory of disease
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases,
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases,
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
germ-line gene therapy
12.4 Gene Therapy
germination
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
Ghon complexes
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
GI tract
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
giant viral species
6.1 Viruses
Giardia lamblia
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Giemsa staining
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
gingival crevice
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
gingival space
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
glial cells
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
glomerulonephritis
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
glucose
7.1 Organic Molecules,
7.1 Organic Molecules,
7.2 Carbohydrates,
7.2 Carbohydrates,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
gluten
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
glycan gimmickry
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
glycine receptors
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
glycocalyces
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
glycolipid
7.3 Lipids
glycolysis
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
glycoprotein
7.4 Proteins
glycosidic linkage
7.2 Carbohydrates
glycosylation
14.5 Drug Resistance
goblet cells
17.1 Physical Defenses
goiter
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
golden algae
5.4 Algae
Golgi apparatus
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
gonorrhea
4.2 Proteobacteria,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
16.4 Global Public Health,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
gonorrheal arthritis
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
gonorrheal endocarditis
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Gonyaulax
5.4 Algae
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
gram-negative bacteria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
gram-negative cells
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
gram-positive bacteria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
gram-positive cells
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Gram’s iodine
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
granular conjunctivitis
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
granules
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE)
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
granulomatous lesions
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
granum
8.6 Photosynthesis
granzymes
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
Graves disease
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
gravity displacement autoclave
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
gray baby syndrome
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Great Oxygenation Event
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
green algae
5.4 Algae
green fluorescent protein
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
green nonsulfur bacteria
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
green sulfur bacteria
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Griffith
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Griffith’s transformation experiments
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
group A strep
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
Group A strep
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
group A streptococci
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
group A streptococcus (GAS)
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
group B Streptococcus
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Group B streptococcus (GBS)
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
growth curve
9.1 How Microbes Grow
guanosine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
guanosine triphosphate
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Guillain-Barré syndrome
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
guinea worm
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
Guinea worm disease
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
H
H. influenzae
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
H1N1 influenza
6.1 Viruses
H2N2
6.1 Viruses
Haeckel
1.2 A Systematic Approach
Haemophilus
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Haemophilus ducreyi
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Haemophilus influenzae
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hair follicles
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Halobacterium
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
Halobacterium salinarum
4.6 Archaea
Haloferax volcanii
4.6 Archaea
Halothiobacillus neapolitanus
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
hand sanitizer
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Hansen’s disease
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hantavirus
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hard chancre
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Hashimoto thyroiditis
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
HAV
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hay fever
19.1 Hypersensitivities
HBV
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
HCV
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
HDV
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
healthcare-associated infections (HAI)
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
heart valves
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
heartworm
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
heat fixing
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
heat-labile enterotoxin (LT)
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
heat-stabile enterotoxin (ST)
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
heavy metals
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
HeLa cell line
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses,
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
helical
6.1 Viruses
helical virus
6.1 Viruses
Helicobacter pylori
4.2 Proteobacteria,
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
helminth infections
19.1 Hypersensitivities
helper T cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
helper viruses
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
hemagglutination assay
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
hemagglutinin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
20.3 Agglutination Assays
hemagglutinin protein
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
hematopoiesis
17.3 Cellular Defenses
hematopoietic stem cell
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
hematopoietic stem cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)
17.3 Cellular Defenses
hematuria
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
hemiparesis
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hemocytometer
9.1 How Microbes Grow
hemoglobin-binding protein (Hgp)
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hemolysin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hemolysins
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hemolysis
19.1 Hypersensitivities
hemolytic disease of the newborn
20.3 Agglutination Assays
hemolytic reaction
19.1 Hypersensitivities
hemolytic transfusion reactions
20.3 Agglutination Assays
hemolytic uremic syndrome
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Hemophilus
4.2 Proteobacteria
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hemovigilance systems
19.1 Hypersensitivities
hepatitis
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hepatitis A,
18.5 Vaccines
hepatitis B virus
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Hepatitis B virus
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
hepatitis B virus (HBV)
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
hepatitis C
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Hepatitis C virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
hepatitis delta virus (HDV)
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
hepatitisviruses
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hepatotoxicity
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
hereditary angioedema
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
heredity
Introduction,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
herpes gladiatorum
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpes keratitis
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpes simplex virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
herpes simplex virus (HSV)
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
herpes virus
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Herpesvirus
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
herpesviruses
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
herpetic gingivostomatitis
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
herpetic keratitis
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
herpetic whitlow
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Hershey and Chase
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
heterolactic fermentation
8.4 Fermentation
HEV
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hexachlorophene
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
hexose monophosphate shunt
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
Hib polysaccharide conjugate vaccine
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Hib vaccine
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
high G+C gram-positive bacteria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
high-energy phosphate bond
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
high-pressure processing
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)
19.1 Hypersensitivities
high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
high-throughput screening methods
14.7 Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
Hippocrates
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
histamine
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
histone-like proteins
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
HIV
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
HIV infection
19.4 Immunodeficiency
holoenzyme
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
holozoic
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Hooke’s law of elasticity
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
hookworm infection
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hopanoids
7.3 Lipids
horizontal direct contact transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
horizontal gene transfer
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
horizontal gene transfer (HGT)
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
hospital-acquired MRSA
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
host range
6.1 Viruses
hot tub rash
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
hot-tub lung
19.1 Hypersensitivities
housekeeping genes
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
HPV
18.5 Vaccines
HSV-1 and HSV-2
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Human African trypanosomiasis
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
human genome
11.2 DNA Replication
human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human growth hormone
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
human herpesvirus
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4)
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5)
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
human microbiome
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
Human Microbiome Project
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
human papillomavirus (HPV)
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
human rabies immune globulin
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
human Rho(D) immune globulin
19.1 Hypersensitivities
humanized monoclonal antibodies
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
humoral immunity
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
hyaluronidase
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
hybridization
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
hycanthone
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
hydatid disease
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
hydrocarbon chain
7.3 Lipids
hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
hydrogen bonds
7.4 Proteins
hydrogen peroxide
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
hydrophilic
7.3 Lipids
hydroxychloroquine
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
hydroxyl group
7.3 Lipids
hygiene hypothesis
19.1 Hypersensitivities
hyperbaric oxygen therapy
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
hyperglycemia
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyperkalemia
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyperpigmentation
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hypersensitivity
19.1 Hypersensitivities
hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP)
19.1 Hypersensitivities
hyperthyroidism
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hypertonic medium
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
hyphae
5.3 Fungi
Hyphomicrobium
4.2 Proteobacteria
hypoglycemia
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyponatremia
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hyposensitization
19.1 Hypersensitivities
hypotension
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
hypothalamus
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
hypothesis of causation
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
hypothyroidism
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
hypotonic medium
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
I
iatrogenic botulism
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
iatrogenic disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
Ibn Sina
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
icosahedral
6.1 Viruses
IgA
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
IgA protease
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
IgA1 protease
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
IgD
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
IgE
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
IgG
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.5 Vaccines,
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
20.3 Agglutination Assays
IgM
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
20.3 Agglutination Assays
illuminator
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
image point (focus)
2.1 The Properties of Light
imidazoles
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
immunoblot
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunochromatographic assays
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunochromatographic RDT
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Immunocytochemistry (ICC)
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunodeficiency
19.4 Immunodeficiency
immunoelectrophoresis (IEP)
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
immunofiltration
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunofluorescence
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy,
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
immunofluorescent staining
6.1 Viruses
immunogens
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
immunoglobulin α protease
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
immunoglobulins
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
immunohematology
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Immunology
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
immunostaining
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
immunosuppressant drug
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
impetigo
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
in situ bioremediation
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
in vitro assays
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
Inactivated vaccines
18.5 Vaccines
incidence
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
inclusion conjunctivitis
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
incubation period
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
India ink
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
indirect agglutination assay
20.3 Agglutination Assays
indirect antiglobulin test (IAT)
20.3 Agglutination Assays
Indirect contact transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
indirect Coombs’ test
20.3 Agglutination Assays
indirect ELISA
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA)
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
induced fit
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
induced mutation
11.5 Mutations
inducible operon
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
induction
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
infection
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
Introduction,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
infectious arthritis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
infectious disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
infectious mononucleosis
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
influenza
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
influenza A virus
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Influenza C virus
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
influenza pandemic
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
influenza vaccine
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
influenza virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Influenzavirus
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
informed consent
12.4 Gene Therapy
inhalation anthrax
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
inhalation botulism
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
inheritance
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
initiation factors
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
initiation of protein synthesis
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
initiation of replication
11.2 DNA Replication
initiation of transcription
11.3 RNA Transcription
initiation of translation
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
injection anthrax
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
injectisome
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
inoculum
9.1 How Microbes Grow
inorganic compound
7.1 Organic Molecules
inorganic phosphate [Pi]
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
Institute of Medicine
12.4 Gene Therapy
insulin
Introduction,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
integrase inhibitors
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
interactions
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
intercalating agent
11.5 Mutations
interference
2.1 The Properties of Light
interferon
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
interferon alpha 2b
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
interferons
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
17.2 Chemical Defenses
intergenic regions
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
interleukins
17.2 Chemical Defenses
intermediate filaments
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
intermediate host
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
intermittent common source spread
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
internalins
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
internalization
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
International Classification of Diseases
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
6.1 Viruses
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
6.1 Viruses
International Union of Microbiological Societies
6.1 Viruses
intertrigo
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
intestinal fluke
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
intestinal flukes
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
intoxication
Introduction,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
intracellular pathogens
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
intracellular targeting toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
intradermal
19.1 Hypersensitivities
intrinsic growth rate
9.1 How Microbes Grow
intron
11.3 RNA Transcription
invasin
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
invasion factors
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Investigational New Drug (IND) application
12.4 Gene Therapy
Irish potato famine
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
iron-sulfur protein
8.3 Cellular Respiration
iron-uptake factors
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
irritable bowel syndrome
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
ischemia
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
isohemagglutinin
19.1 Hypersensitivities
isomerism
7.1 Organic Molecules
isomers
7.1 Organic Molecules
isoprene
7.3 Lipids
isoprene chains
4.6 Archaea
isoprenoids
7.3 Lipids
isothermal PCR
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
isotonic medium
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
isotretinoin
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
isotype switching
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
itraconazole
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Ivanovski
6.1 Viruses
ivermectin
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Ixodes scapularis
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
J
Japanese encephalitis
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Japanese encephalitis virus
18.5 Vaccines
jaundice
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
jock itch
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
jumping genes
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Justinian plague
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
K
Kaposi’s sarcoma
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Karenia brevis
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
karyogamy
5.3 Fungi
karyokinesis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
keratitis
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
keratoconjunctivitis
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
ketoconazole
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
kidney transplants
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
kidneys
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
kinetoplastids
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
kinetoplasts
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Kinyoun technique
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
Klebsiella pneumoniae
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Koch
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew,
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Koch’s postulates
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
Koplik’s spots
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Korarchaeota
4.6 Archaea
Krebs cycle
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
L
l form
7.1 Organic Molecules
lac operon
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
Lacks
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses,
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
lacrimal ducts
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lacrimal gland
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lacrimal punctum
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lacrimal sac
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
lactic acid
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
lactic acid bacteria
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
lactic acid bacteria (LAB)
8.4 Fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
8.4 Fermentation
Lactobacillales
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Lactobacillus
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
7.1 Organic Molecules,
8.4 Fermentation,
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Lactococcus lactis
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
lacZ
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
lag phase
9.1 How Microbes Grow
lagging strand
11.2 DNA Replication
Laminaria
5.4 Algae
Lancefield
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Lancefield groups
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
lancet-shaped diplococci
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
large intestine
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
large subunit
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
laryngopharynx
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
last universal common ancestor (LUCA)
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
latent disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
latent infection
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
latent period
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
latent virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lateral flow tests
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
latex allergy
19.1 Hypersensitivities
latex beads
20.3 Agglutination Assays
latex fixation assay
20.3 Agglutination Assays
leading strand
11.2 DNA Replication
lectin activation pathway
17.2 Chemical Defenses
Leeuwenhoek
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
Legionella pneumophila
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Legionnaires disease
4.2 Proteobacteria,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Leishmania
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
leishmaniasis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lenses
2.1 The Properties of Light
lepromatous (multibacillary) Hansen’s disease
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
leprosy
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Leptospira
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
leptospirosis
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Leptothrix
4.2 Proteobacteria
leukocidins
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
leukocyte esterase
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
leukocytes
17.3 Cellular Defenses
levofloxacin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
lichen
5.5 Lichens
light microscopes
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
light-dependent reaction
8.6 Photosynthesis
light-harvesting complex
8.6 Photosynthesis
Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
lincomycin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
linezolid
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
linked recognition
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
Linnaean taxonomy
1.2 A Systematic Approach
Linnaeus
1.2 A Systematic Approach
lipid
7.3 Lipids
lipid-bilayer
7.3 Lipids
lipids
7.1 Organic Molecules
lipooligosaccharide
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
lipooligosaccharide (LOS) endotoxin
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
lipopeptides
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
lipopolysaccharide
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
lipoprotein
7.4 Proteins
liposome
7.3 Lipids
lipoteichoic acids
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Lippershey
2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
liquid nitrogen
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
Lister
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants,
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
Listeria monocytogenes
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
listeriolysin O
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
listeriosis
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
lithotroph
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
live attenuated vaccine
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Live attenuated vaccines
18.5 Vaccines
liver
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
liver cancer
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
liver flukes
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
local infection
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
logarithmic (log) growth phase
9.1 How Microbes Grow
lophotrichous
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Louis Pasteur
18.5 Vaccines
low G+C gram-positive bacteria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
LPS
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lucanthone
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Lyme disease
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymph nodes
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymphadenitis
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymphatic filariasis
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
lymphatic system
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
lymphoblasts
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
lymphocytes
19.1 Hypersensitivities
lymphocytosis
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
lymphogranuloma venereum
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
lymphopenia
19.4 Immunodeficiency
lyophilization
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
lysis
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogen
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogenic conversion
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogenic cycle
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysogeny
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lysozyme
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
Lytic animal viruses
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
lytic cycle
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
M
M protein
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
MacConkey agar
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
MacLeod
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
macrolide antibiotics
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
macrolides
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
macromolecule
7.1 Organic Molecules
macronucleus
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
macronutrient
7.1 Organic Molecules
macrophages
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
19.4 Immunodeficiency
macules
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
magnetosomes
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
magnetotaxis
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Magnification
2.1 The Properties of Light
major basic protein (MBP)
17.3 Cellular Defenses
major histocompatibility complex
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
major histocompatibility complex markers
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
malaria
Introduction,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
16.4 Global Public Health,
16.4 Global Public Health,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Malassezia
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
MALDI-TOF
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
maltose
7.2 Carbohydrates
mannitol salt agar
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
mannitol salt agar (MSA)
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Mantoux skin test
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Mantoux tuberculin skin test
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Mary Mallon
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
mast cells
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
maturation
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
mature naïve T cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
mature transcript
11.3 RNA Transcription
maximum growth pH
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
maximum growth temperature
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
maximum permissive oxygen concentration
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
McCarty
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
McClintock
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
measles
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
Introduction,
18.5 Vaccines,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
mebendazole
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
mechanical defenses
17.1 Physical Defenses
Mechanical transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
median infectious dose (ID50)
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
median lethal dose (LD50)
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
medulla
5.5 Lichens
mefloquine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
meiosis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
Introduction,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
membrane attack complex (MAC)
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
membrane envelope
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
membrane filtration
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
membrane filtration technique
9.1 How Microbes Grow
membrane fusion
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
membrane ruffling
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
membrane-bound ribosomes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
membrane-disrupting toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
memory B cells
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
memory cell production
18.5 Vaccines
memory cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
memory cytotoxic T cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
memory helper T cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
Mendel
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
meninges
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
meningitis
4.2 Proteobacteria,
8.4 Fermentation,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
18.5 Vaccines,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
meningitis belt
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Meningitis due to H. influenzae serotype b
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
meningococcal meningitis
18.5 Vaccines,
18.5 Vaccines,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
meningoencephalitis
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
mercuric chloride
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
mercurochrome
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Mereschkowski
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
meropenem
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
merthiolate
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Meselson
11.2 DNA Replication
mesophile
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
mesophiles
4.6 Archaea
messenger RNA
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material
messenger RNA (mRNA)
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
metabolic pathway
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
metachromatic granules
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
metagenomic analysis
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
metatranscriptomics
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
Methanobrevibacter
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
methanotroph
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
methicillin
14.5 Drug Resistance
methicillin-resistant S. aureus
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)
14.5 Drug Resistance
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
methylene blue
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
Methylocystis
4.2 Proteobacteria
Methylomonas
4.2 Proteobacteria
metronidazole
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
MHC I
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
MHC II
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
miasma hypothesis
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
miasma theory
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
micelle
7.3 Lipids
miconazole
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
microaerophile
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
microarray analysis
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
microbe
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
microbial death curve
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
microbial ecology
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
Microbiology
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
microbiota
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
microcephaly
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Micrococcus
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Micrococcus luteus
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
microcystins
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
Microcystis
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
microfilaments
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
Micrographia
2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
microinjection
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
micronucleus
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
micronutrient
7.1 Organic Molecules
microorganism
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
Microsporidia
5.3 Fungi
microsporidiosis
5.3 Fungi
microtiter plate
20.3 Agglutination Assays
microvilli
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
miliary tuberculosis
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Miller
Introduction
miltefosine
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC)
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
minimum growth pH
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
minimum growth temperature
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
minimum permissive oxygen concentration
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
minocycline
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
mismatch repair
11.5 Mutations
missense mutation
11.5 Mutations
mitochondrial DNA
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
mitochondrial matrix
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
mitosis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
mitotic phase
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
mixed acid fermentation
8.4 Fermentation
mode of action
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
moist-heat sterilization
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
molds
5.3 Fungi
molecular beacon
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
molecular cloning
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
monobactams
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance
monoclonal antibodies
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
monocular
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Monod
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
Introduction,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
monoecious
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
monomer
7.1 Organic Molecules
mononucleosis
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
monosaccharide
7.2 Carbohydrates
monosaccharides
7.1 Organic Molecules
monotrichous
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
monozygotic
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
Moraxella catarrhalis
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
morbidity rate
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Morgan
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
morphologies
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
mortality rate
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
mosquitoes
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
most probable number (MPN) method
9.1 How Microbes Grow
moxifloxacin
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
MRSA
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
mucociliary escalator
17.1 Physical Defenses,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
mucormycosis
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
mucosal leishmaniasis
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
mucous membranes
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
mucus
17.1 Physical Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
multidrug resistant bacteria
6.1 Viruses
multidrug-resistant microbes (MDRs)
14.5 Drug Resistance
multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB)
14.5 Drug Resistance
multiple banded antigen
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
multiple cloning site (MCS)
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
multiple myeloma
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
multiple sclerosis
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
mumps
Introduction,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
mutant
11.5 Mutations
mutation
11.5 Mutations
mutational analysis
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
myasthenia gravis
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
mycelium
5.3 Fungi
Mycobacterium leprae
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
mycolic acids
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
mycology
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
Mycoplasma
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Mycoplasma genitalium
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Mycoplasma hominis
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
mycorrhizal fungi
5.3 Fungi
myelin sheath
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
myocarditis
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
myxobacteria
4.2 Proteobacteria
Myxobacterium
4.2 Proteobacteria
myxospores
4.2 Proteobacteria
N
n-docosanol
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
N-formyl-methionine
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
NAD+/NADH
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
NADH
8.6 Photosynthesis
NADPH oxidase
19.4 Immunodeficiency
Naegleria fowleri
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
nafcillin
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
naftifine
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
naïve helper T cells
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
naïve mature B cells
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
naked virus
6.1 Viruses
nalidixic acid
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Nanoarchaeota
4.6 Archaea
naphthoquinone
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
narrow-spectrum antimicrobial
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
nasolacrimal duct
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
nasolacrimal ducts
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
National Academy of Medicine
12.4 Gene Therapy
National Institutes of Health
12.4 Gene Therapy
National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
native structure
7.4 Proteins
Natronobacterium
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
Natural active immunity
18.5 Vaccines
natural antibiotic
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
natural killer (NK) cells
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
natural killer cells (NK cells)
17.3 Cellular Defenses
Natural passive immunity
18.5 Vaccines
Necator americanus
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
necrosis
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
necrotizing enterocolitis
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
necrotizing fasciitis
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Needham
3.1 Spontaneous Generation
negative (−) single-strand RNA (−ssRNA)
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
negative selection
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
negative stain
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
neglected parasitic infections (NPIs)
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
neglected tropical disease
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Negri bodies
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Neisseria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Neisseria meningitidis
8.4 Fermentation,
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
18.5 Vaccines,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Nematoda
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
nematodes
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
neomycin
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
neonatal conjunctivitis
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
neonatal herpes
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
neonatal meningitis
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Neonatal tetanus
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
nephrotoxicity
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
neuraminidase
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
20.3 Agglutination Assays
neurocysticercosis
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
neuropathy
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
neurotoxicity
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
neurotoxoplasmosis
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
neurotransmitters
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Neutralization
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
neutralization assays
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
neutropenic enterocolitis
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
neutrophil
19.1 Hypersensitivities
neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
17.3 Cellular Defenses
neutrophile
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
neutrophils
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
19.4 Immunodeficiency
New Drug Application (NDA)
12.4 Gene Therapy
next generation sequencing
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
niclosamide
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
nigrosin
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
nikkomycins
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
nitrate reductase
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
nitric oxide
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
nitrification
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
nitrofurantoin
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
nitrogen cycle
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
nitrogen fixation
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
7.4 Proteins,
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
nitrogenous base
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
nitrogenous bases
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
nitroimidazoles
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Nitrosomonas
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
NK cells
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
Nocardia
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
noncoding DNA
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
noncoliforms
4.2 Proteobacteria
noncommunicable
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
noncompetitive (allosteric) inhibitor
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
noncritical item
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
noncutaneous anthrax
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
noncyclic photophosphorylation
8.6 Photosynthesis
nonenveloped virus
6.1 Viruses
nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
noninfectious disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
nonpolar
7.3 Lipids
nonproteobacteria
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
nonpyogenic streptococci
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
nonsense mutation
11.5 Mutations
nonspecific innate immunity
Introduction
nonsulfur bacteria
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Nontreponemal serologic tests
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Norwalk viruses
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
nosocomial disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
nosocomial infections
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Nothing But Nets campaign
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
notifiable disease
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
nuclear envelope
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
nuclear lamina
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
nuclear membrane
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
nucleic acid
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
nucleic acid amplification test
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Nucleic acid amplification testing
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT)
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
nucleic acid test
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
nucleoid
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs)
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
nucleoside
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
nucleoside analog
11.5 Mutations
nucleotide
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
nucleotide bases
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
nucleotide excision repair
11.5 Mutations
nucleus
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
numerical aperture
2.1 The Properties of Light
O
o-phenylphenol
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
o-phthalaldehyde
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
O&P
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
objective lenses
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
obligate (strict) aerobe
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
obligate anaerobe
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
obligate intracellular pathogen
4.2 Proteobacteria
obligate intracellular pathogens
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
observational study
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
ocular lens
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Office of Human Research Protection
12.4 Gene Therapy
oil immersion lens
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Okazaki
11.2 DNA Replication
Okazaki fragments
11.2 DNA Replication
oleic acid
17.2 Chemical Defenses
oligodendrocytes
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
oligopeptide
7.4 Proteins
oligotroph
4.2 Proteobacteria
olsetamivir
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Onchocerca volvulus
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
onchocerciasis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
one gene–one enzyme hypothesis
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
one-step multiplication curve for bacteriophage
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
opacity
2.1 The Properties of Light
operator
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
ophthalmia neonatorum
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
ophthalmopathy
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Opisthokonta
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Opisthorchis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Opisthorchis felineus
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Opisthorchis viverrini
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
opisthotonos
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
opportunistic pathogen
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
opportunistic pathogens
19.4 Immunodeficiency
opsonin
17.2 Chemical Defenses
opsonins
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
opsonization
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
optimum growth pH
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
optimum growth temperature
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
optimum oxygen concentration
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
oral herpes
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
oral therapy for desensitization
19.1 Hypersensitivities
oral thrush
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
orchitis
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
organic chemistry
7.1 Organic Molecules
organic molecule
7.1 Organic Molecules
organotroph
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
oriental lung fluke
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency
12.4 Gene Therapy
Ornithodoros hermsi
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
orthomyxovirus
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
oseltamivir
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
osmotic pressure
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
osteochondritis
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
osteomyelitis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
otitis externa
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
otitis media with effusion (OME)
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Ötzi the Iceman
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
Ouchterlony
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Ouchterlony assay
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
outer membrane
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
ova and parasite
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
oxacillin
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
oxamniquine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
oxazolidinones
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance
oxidation reaction
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
oxidative phosphorylation
8.3 Cellular Respiration,
8.3 Cellular Respiration,
8.4 Fermentation,
8.6 Photosynthesis,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Oxygen Revolution
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
oxygenic photosynthesis
8.6 Photosynthesis
P
P (peptidyl) site
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
PAGE
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
palatine tonsils
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
palisades
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
PAMPs
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
pan-resistance
14.5 Drug Resistance
pancreas
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
pandemic disease
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Pap test
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
Papillomas
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Papillomaviridae
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
papules
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Parabasalia
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
paracrine function
17.2 Chemical Defenses
Paragonimus westermani
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
parainfluenza virus
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
paramyxovirus
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
pararosaniline
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
parasitic helminths
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
parasitic worms
19.1 Hypersensitivities
parasitology
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
Parkinson’s disease
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
paromomycin
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
paroxysmal stage
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
parvovirus B19
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
parvoviruses
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
pascalization
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
passive carrier
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
passive immunity
18.5 Vaccines
passive transport
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
Pasteur
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew,
3.1 Spontaneous Generation,
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
6.1 Viruses,
7.1 Organic Molecules,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Pasteurella multocida
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Pasteurellaceae
4.2 Proteobacteria
pasteurization
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
paternity
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
pathogen
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
pathogenicity
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
pathogenicity island
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
PCR
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Peach latent mosaic viroid
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
Pediculus humanus
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Pediculus humanus var corporis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
pelvic inflammatory disease
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
penetration
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
penicillin
5.3 Fungi,
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
penicillin G
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
penicillin-binding protein (PBP)
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)
14.5 Drug Resistance
penicillinases
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
penicillins
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
pentameric IgM
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
pentamidine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
pentose phosphate pathway
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
peptic ulcers
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
peptide
7.4 Proteins
peptidoglycan
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
peracetic acid
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
peramivir
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
perforin
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
pericarditis
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
period of convalescence
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
period of decline
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
period of illness
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
periodontal disease
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
periods of disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
periosteum
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
peripheral tolerance
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
periplasmic space
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
peristalsis
17.1 Physical Defenses
peritrichous
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
peroxidase
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
peroxidases
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
peroxisomes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
Persistent infection
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
persisters
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Person-to-person transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
pertussis
4.2 Proteobacteria,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
pertussis toxin (PT)
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
petechial rash
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Peter Moore
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
Petroff-Hausser chamber
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Peyer’s patches
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Pfiesteria piscicida
5.4 Algae
Phaeophyta
5.4 Algae
phage therapy
6.1 Viruses
phagocytes
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
19.4 Immunodeficiency
phagocytosis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.5 Vaccines,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
phagolysosome
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
phagosome
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis,
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
pharyngitis
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
pharynx
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Phase-contrast microscopes
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
phenol coefficient
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
phenolic compounds
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
phenolics
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
phenotype
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material,
11.5 Mutations
phosphate group
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
phosphodiester bonds
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
phosphogluconate pathway
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
phospholipase A
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
phospholipase C
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
phospholipases
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
phospholipid-derived fatty acid analysis (PLFA)
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA) analysis
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
phospholipids
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
phosphorescence
2.1 The Properties of Light
photolyase
11.5 Mutations
photophosphorylation
8.6 Photosynthesis
photoreactivation
11.5 Mutations
photosynthesis
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.6 Archaea,
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes,
8.6 Photosynthesis,
8.6 Photosynthesis
photosynthetic bacteria
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
photosynthetic pigment
8.6 Photosynthesis
photosystem
8.6 Photosynthesis
photosystem I (PSI)
8.6 Photosynthesis
photosystem II (PSII)
8.6 Photosynthesis
phototrophic bacteria
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
phototrophic eukaryotes
8.6 Photosynthesis
phycocyanins
8.6 Photosynthesis
phycoerythrins
8.6 Photosynthesis
phylogenetic tree
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
phylogenies
1.2 A Systematic Approach
Phytophthora
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
pia mater
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Picornaviradae
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
picornaviruses
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
pigeon fancier’s lung
19.1 Hypersensitivities
pimples
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
pinkeye
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
pinocytosis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
pinworm
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
pinworms
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
piperacillin/tazobactam
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Pirquet
19.1 Hypersensitivities
pituitary gland
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
placebo effect
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
placental barrier
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
plague
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
plankton
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
planktonic
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Plant viruses
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
plantar warts
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
plantibodies
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
plaque
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
plaque reduction assay
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
plasma
17.2 Chemical Defenses
Plasma cells
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
plasma membrane
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
plasmalemma
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
plasmid
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
plasmid vectors
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
plasmids
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.2 DNA Replication,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
14.5 Drug Resistance
plasmodial slime molds
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Plasmodium
Introduction,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Plasmodium falciparum
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
plasmolysis
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
plate count
9.1 How Microbes Grow
platelets
17.3 Cellular Defenses
Platyhelminthes
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
pleconaril
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
pleomorphic
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Plesiomonas shigelloides
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Pneumococcal meningitis
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
pneumococcal vaccines
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Pneumocystis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Pneumocystis jirovecii
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Pneumocystis pneumonia
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
pneumolysin
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
pneumolysin O
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
pneumonia
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
pneumonic plague
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
pneumonitis
19.1 Hypersensitivities
point mutation
11.5 Mutations
point source spread
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
poison ivy
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
polar head group
7.3 Lipids
polar tubule
5.3 Fungi
polio vaccine
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Poliomyelitis (polio)
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
poliovirus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
poly-A tail
11.3 RNA Transcription
poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
polycistronic
11.3 RNA Transcription
polyclonal antibodies
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
polyclonal antiserum
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
polyhedral
6.1 Viruses
polyhexamethylene biguanide
21.5 Protozoan and Helminthic Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
polyketides
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
polylinker site
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
polymer
7.1 Organic Molecules
Polymerase chain reaction
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth,
Introduction,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
polymicrobic infections
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs)
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Polymyxin B
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
polymyxins
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
Polyomaviridae
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
polypeptide chain
7.4 Proteins
polyphyletic
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
polyribosome
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
polysaccharide
7.2 Carbohydrates
polysaccharide capsules
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
polysome
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
porin channels
14.5 Drug Resistance
pork tapeworm
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Porphyromonas
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
portal of entry
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
portal of exit
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
portal specificity
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
positive (+) single-strand (+ssRNA)
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
positive selection
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
positive stain
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
potassium sorbate
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
potato tuber spindle disease
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
poultry worker’s lung
19.1 Hypersensitivities
pour plate method
9.1 How Microbes Grow
povidone-iodine
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
praziquantel
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
precipitin arcs
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
precipitin reactions
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
precipitin ring test
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
prednisone
19.1 Hypersensitivities
pregnancy
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
pregnancy tests
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
preservatives
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
prevacuum sterilizer
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
prevalence
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
Prevotella
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
prick puncture skin test (PPST)
19.1 Hypersensitivities
primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI)
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
primary antibody
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
primary cell culture
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
primary infection
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
primary lymphoid tissue
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
primary pathogen
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
primary stain
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
primary structure
7.4 Proteins
primase
11.2 DNA Replication
primer
11.2 DNA Replication
prodromal period
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
progeny virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
proglottid
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
programmed cell death
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
prokaryote
1.2 A Systematic Approach
prokaryotes
Introduction,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
prokaryotic cells
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
promoter
11.3 RNA Transcription,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
proofreading
11.5 Mutations
propagated spread
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
properties of light
2.1 The Properties of Light
prophage
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
prophylaxis
18.5 Vaccines
Propionibacteria
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
propionic acid
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
propionic acid fermentation
8.4 Fermentation
Prospective studies
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
prostate cancer
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
prostatitis
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
prosthetic joints
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
protease inhibitors
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
proteases
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
protein folding
7.4 Proteins
protein sequence
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
protein signatures
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
protein subunit
7.4 Proteins
protein synthesis
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material,
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
proteins
7.1 Organic Molecules,
7.3 Lipids,
7.4 Proteins,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
Proteobacteria
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
proteomic analysis
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
Proteus vulgaris
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
protist conjugation
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
protists
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
proton motive force
8.3 Cellular Respiration
protozoans
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
protozoology
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
provirus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
Prusiner
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
pseudohypha
5.3 Fungi
pseudomembrane
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
pseudomembranous colitis
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Pseudomonas
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms,
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles,
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
7.4 Proteins,
7.5 Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms,
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates,
8.3 Cellular Respiration,
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins,
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
pseudomurein
4.6 Archaea
pseudopeptidoglycan
4.6 Archaea
pseudopodia
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
psoriasis
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
psoriatic arthritis
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
psychrophile
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
psychrophiles
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
psychrotrophs
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
public health
Introduction
puerperal fever
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
puerperal sepsis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
pulmonary anthrax
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
pulp
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
purple nonsulfur bacteria
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
purple sulfur bacteria
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
purulent
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
pus
17.3 Cellular Defenses,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
pustules
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
pyelonephritis
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
pyloric sphincter
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
pyoderma
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
pyrantel pamoate
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
pyrenoids
5.4 Algae
pyrimethamine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
pyrimidines
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
Pyrobolus
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
Pyrodictium
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
pyrogens
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
pyrophosphate [PPi]
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
pyroptosis
19.4 Immunodeficiency
pyrrolysine
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
pyruvate decarboxylase
8.4 Fermentation
Q
quantitative PCR (qPCR)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
quantum tunneling
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
quarantined
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
quaternary ammonium salts (quats)
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
quaternary structure
7.4 Proteins
quellung reaction
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
quinacrine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
quinine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
quinolines
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
quinolones
11.2 DNA Replication
quinone
8.3 Cellular Respiration
quorum sensing
9.1 How Microbes Grow
R
R. rickettsii
4.2 Proteobacteria
rabies
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
18.5 Vaccines,
18.5 Vaccines,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
rabies virus (RV)
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
radial immunodiffusion
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
radiation therapy
19.4 Immunodeficiency
raltegravir
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
rapid plasma reagin
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
rat-bite fever
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
reaction center
8.6 Photosynthesis
reactivation tuberculosis
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
reactive arthritis
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
reactive oxygen species
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
reactive oxygen species (ROS)
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
reading frame
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
recipient cell
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
recognition site
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
recombinant DNA
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee
12.4 Gene Therapy
recombinant DNA pharmaceuticals
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
recombinant DNA technology
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
red algae
5.4 Algae
red blood cells
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Red bone marrow
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
red tide
5.4 Algae
redox potential
8.3 Cellular Respiration
redox reaction
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
reduction reaction
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
reemerging infectious disease
16.4 Global Public Health
Reflection
2.1 The Properties of Light
refraction
2.1 The Properties of Light
refractive index
2.1 The Properties of Light
refrigeration
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms,
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
regulated secretory pathways
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
regulatory gene
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
reoviruses
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
repetitive epitope units
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
repetitive sequence-based PCR
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
replica plating
11.5 Mutations
replication
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.2 DNA Replication
replication bubble
11.2 DNA Replication
replication forks
11.2 DNA Replication
reportable disease
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
reporter gene
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
repressible operon
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
repressor
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
reproductive system
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
reservoir
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
residue
7.4 Proteins
resolution
2.1 The Properties of Light
respiratory burst
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
respiratory syncytial virus
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
respiratory system
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
restriction endonucleases
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
restriction enzymes
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Retrospective studies
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
reverse transcriptase inhibitors
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR)
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
6.1 Viruses
Reverse zoonoses
6.1 Viruses
Reye syndrome
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Rh blood groups
20.3 Agglutination Assays
Rh factor
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Rh+ fetal red blood cells
19.1 Hypersensitivities
rheostat
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
rheumatic fever
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
rheumatoid arthritis
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
rheumatoid factor (RF)
20.3 Agglutination Assays
rhinitis
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
rhinosinusitis
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Rhizaria
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
rhizines
5.5 Lichens
rhizobia
7.4 Proteins
Rhizobium
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
Rhizopus
7.1 Organic Molecules
Rhizopus arrhizus (oryzae)
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses
Rhizopus stolonifer
5.3 Fungi
Rho/D antigen
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Rhodophyta
5.4 Algae
Rhodospirillum
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
RhoGAM
19.1 Hypersensitivities
ribavirin
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
ribonucleotides
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
ribosomes
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
riboswitch
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
ribozyme
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
8.6 Photosynthesis
ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO)
8.6 Photosynthesis
Rickettsia
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
4.2 Proteobacteria,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
Rickettsia prowazekii
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Rickettsia rickettsii
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Rickettsia typhi
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
rickettsial pox
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
rifampin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
rifamycin
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
rimantadine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
ringworm
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.3 Fungi,
5.5 Lichens,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
risks
12.4 Gene Therapy
river blindness
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
RNA
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
RNA interference (RNAi)
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
RNA polymerase
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.3 RNA Transcription,
11.3 RNA Transcription,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory,
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
RNA primase
11.2 DNA Replication
RNA splicing
11.3 RNA Transcription
RNA transcript
11.3 RNA Transcription
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP)
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
RNase H
11.2 DNA Replication
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
4.2 Proteobacteria,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
rolling circle replication
11.2 DNA Replication,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
root canal
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
rose bengal
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
rose thorn disease
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
rotavirus
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
roundworms
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
route of administration
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
rubella
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
rusts
5.3 Fungi
S
Sabin vaccine
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Sabouraud’s agar
5.5 Lichens
Saccharomyces
5.3 Fungi
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
8.4 Fermentation
SAFE initiative
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
safranin
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
salicylic acid
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
saliva
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
salivary glands
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Salk vaccine
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
Salmonella
4.2 Proteobacteria,
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Salmonella enterica
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Salmonella enterica subspecies typhi
20.3 Agglutination Assays
Salmonella pathogenicity islands
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Salmonella typhi
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
salmonellosis
4.2 Proteobacteria,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
salpingitis
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
sandwich ELISA
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Sanger DNA sequencing method
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
sanitization
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
saprozoic
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
satellite RNA
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
saturated fatty acid
7.3 Lipids
sauna takers' disease
19.1 Hypersensitivities
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
scanning probe microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
scanning tunneling microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
scarlet fever
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Schaeffer-Fulton method
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
Schistosoma
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Schistosoma mansoni
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens
Schistosomiasis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
schizogony
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Schleiden
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
screening tests
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
scrub typhus
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
sebaceous glands
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
sebum
7.3 Lipids,
17.2 Chemical Defenses,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
secondary antibody response
19.1 Hypersensitivities
secondary immunodeficiency
19.4 Immunodeficiency
secondary infection
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
secondary lymphoid tissue
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
secondary response
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
secretory vesicles
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
selective IgA deficiency
19.4 Immunodeficiency
selective media
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
selective toxicity
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
selenocysteine
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
self-antigen epitopes
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells
self-reacting B cells
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
self-reacting thymocytes
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
semiconservative replication
11.2 DNA Replication
semicritical item
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
seminal vesicles
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
semisynthetic antimicrobial
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
Semmelweis
3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
sense strand
11.3 RNA Transcription
sensitization
19.1 Hypersensitivities
sepsis
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
septate hyphae
5.3 Fungi
septic arthritis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
septic shock
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
septicemia
14.5 Drug Resistance,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
septicemic plague
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
septum
9.1 How Microbes Grow
serial dilution
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.3 Agglutination Assays
seroconversion
20.3 Agglutination Assays
serotonin
19.1 Hypersensitivities
serotypes
4.2 Proteobacteria
serum
17.2 Chemical Defenses
sessile
9.1 How Microbes Grow
severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
19.4 Immunodeficiency
sexual reproduction
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
sexually transmitted diseases
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
sexually transmitted infections
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
sheath
6.1 Viruses
sheep blood agar
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
Shewanella
Introduction
Shiga toxin
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Shigella
4.2 Proteobacteria,
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Shigella dysenteriae
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Shigella flexneri
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
shigellosis
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Shine-Dalgarno sequence
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
shingles
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
shuttle vectors
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
sialic acid receptor
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
sialidase activity
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
side chain
7.4 Proteins
side effects
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
siderophores
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
silent mutation
11.5 Mutations
simeprevir
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
simple diffusion
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
simple microscope
2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
simple staining
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
sinecatechins
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System
single-stranded binding proteins
11.2 DNA Replication
single-stranded origin (sso) site
11.2 DNA Replication
sinusitis
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
sipuleucel-T (Provenge)
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
skin
Introduction
skin barrier
17.1 Physical Defenses
sliding clamp
11.2 DNA Replication
slime layer
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
slime molds
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
small intestine
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
small subunit
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
smuts
5.3 Fungi
Sobemoviruses
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
sodium benzoate
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
sofosbuvir
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
soft chancres
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
somatic-cell gene therapy
12.4 Gene Therapy
sorbic acid
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
sorbitol-MacConkey agar
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
southwestern blot
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Spallanzani
3.1 Spontaneous Generation
Spanish flu
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Specialized transduction
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
specificity
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
spectrophotometer
9.1 How Microbes Grow,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
spectrum of activity
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
spike
6.1 Viruses
spinal cord
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
spiramycin
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Spirillum minor
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
spirochetes
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
spleen
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
spliceosome
11.3 RNA Transcription
spontaneous generation
3.1 Spontaneous Generation
spontaneous mutation
11.5 Mutations
sporadic disease
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists
spores
5.3 Fungi
sporulation
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
spread plate method
9.1 How Microbes Grow
ssRNA
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
St. Louis encephalitis (SLE)
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
stages of pathogenesis
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
Stahl
11.2 DNA Replication
staining
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
staining patterns
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
Stanley
6.1 Viruses
staphylococcal enterotoxins
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
Staphylococcal food poisoning
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Staphylococcus
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Staphylococcus aureus
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
8.4 Fermentation,
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins,
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth,
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Staphylococcus epidermidis
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
staphylokinases
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
staphylolysins
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
starch
7.2 Carbohydrates
start codon
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
stationary phase
9.1 How Microbes Grow
stem-loop structure
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
Stenotrophomonas maltophila
14.5 Drug Resistance
stereoisomers
7.1 Organic Molecules
sterile field
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
sterilization
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
steroid
7.3 Lipids
sterol
7.3 Lipids
sterols
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
stomach ulcers
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
stop codon
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
stramenopiles
5.4 Algae
stratum corneum
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
strawberry tongue
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
strep throat
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Streptobacillus moniliformis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
streptococcal mitogenic exotoxin
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
streptococcal mitogenic exotoxins
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
streptococcal pharyngitis
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
streptococcal pyrogenic toxins
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
streptococcal superantigen
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS)
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSS)
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Streptococcus
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
8.4 Fermentation,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Streptococcus agalactiae
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Streptococcus clavuligerus
14.5 Drug Resistance
Streptococcus mutans
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Streptococcus pneumoniae
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
19.4 Immunodeficiency,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Streptococcus pyogenes
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
streptokinase
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
streptokinases
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
streptolysin
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
streptolysins
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
Streptomyces
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Streptomyces avermectinius
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Streptomyces erythreus
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Streptomyces natalensis
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
Streptomyces roseosporus
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Streptomyces venezuelae
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
streptomycin
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
stress proteins
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
stress response proteins
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Strongyloides stercoralis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
strongyloidiasis
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
structural formula
7.1 Organic Molecules
structural gene
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
structural isomers
7.1 Organic Molecules
study participants
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
subacute bacterial endocarditis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
subarachnoid space
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
subclinical
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
substrate
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
subunit vaccines
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
18.5 Vaccines
sugar-phosphate backbone
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
sulfa drug
8.1 Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
sulfa drugs
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance
sulfadiazine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
sulfadoxine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
sulfamethoxazole
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
sulfanilamide
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
sulfate-reducing bacteria
4.2 Proteobacteria
sulfonamide resistance
14.5 Drug Resistance
sulfonamides
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
sulfur cycle
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
sulfur dioxide
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
superantigen
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
supercoiled
11.2 DNA Replication
supercoiling
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
supercritical fluids
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
supergroups
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
superinfection
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
superoxide dismutase
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
superoxide radicals
19.4 Immunodeficiency
suppurative
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
surfactant
17.2 Chemical Defenses
surfactants
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
surgical scrubbing
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
swimmer’s ear
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
symbiosis
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
synapses
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
synergistic interaction
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
synthetic antimicrobial
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery
syphilis
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
16.4 Global Public Health,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
syringe filter
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
systemic autoimmune disease
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
systemic infection
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
systemic lupus erythematosus
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
systemic mycoses
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
SYTOX Green
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
T
T cell-independent activation
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
T lymphocytes
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity
T-cell dependent antibody response
19.4 Immunodeficiency
T-cell receptor (TCR)
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
T-independent antigens
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
Taenia saginata
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
Taenia solium
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
tail fiber
6.1 Viruses
tail pins
6.1 Viruses
tapeworm
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Taq DNA polymerase
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
Taq polymerase
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
target mimicry
14.5 Drug Resistance
tartar
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
TATA box
11.3 RNA Transcription
Taxonomy
1.2 A Systematic Approach
Tdap vaccine
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
tears
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
teeth
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
telomerase
11.2 DNA Replication
telomere
11.2 DNA Replication
Temperate phages
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
TeNT antitoxin
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
teratogenic
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
terbinafine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin,
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
termination of DNA replication
11.2 DNA Replication
termination of transcription
11.3 RNA Transcription
termination of translation
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
terpenoids
7.3 Lipids
test sensitivity
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
test specificity
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
tetanus
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
18.5 Vaccines,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
tetanus neurotoxin
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
tetanus toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
tetracycline
14.1 History of Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial Discovery,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
tetracyclines
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
TH1 cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
TH17 cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
TH2 cells
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
thallium acetate
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
thallus
5.3 Fungi
Thaumarchaeota
4.6 Archaea
theca
5.4 Algae
Theileria (Babesia) microti
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
therapeutic dosage
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
thermal death point (TDP)
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
thermal death time (TDT)
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
thermophiles
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth
Thermoproteus
4.6 Archaea
Thermotoga
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Thermotogae
4.5 Deeply Branching Bacteria
Thermus aquaticus
9.4 Temperature and Microbial Growth,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
thiabendazole
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
thin sections
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
Thiobacillus
4.2 Proteobacteria
thioglycolate medium
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
thioglycolate tube culture
9.2 Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
thioxanthenones
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
thrombocytes
17.3 Cellular Defenses
Thucydides
1.1 What Our Ancestors Knew
thymic selection
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
thymocytes
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
thymol
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
thymus
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI)
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
ticks
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
tigecycline
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
tincture
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
tine test
19.1 Hypersensitivities
tinea versicolor
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
tineas
21.4 Mycoses of the Skin
tinidazole
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System,
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.5 Protozoan Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
tissue transplant rejection
19.1 Hypersensitivities
tissue tropism
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
titer
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
20.5 Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
TMP/SMZ
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
tobacco mosaic disease
6.1 Viruses
tobacco mosaic virus
6.1 Viruses
tolerance
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
toll-like receptors
18.2 Major Histocompatibility Complexes and Antigen-Presenting Cells,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
toll-like receptors (TLRs)
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
Tomato planta macho viroid
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
topoisomerase
11.2 DNA Replication
topoisomerase II
11.2 DNA Replication
topoisomerase IV
11.2 DNA Replication
topoisomerases
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
TORCH
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
TORCH test
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
total magnification
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
toxemia
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
toxic shock syndrome
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
toxic shock syndrome (TSS)
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
toxic shock syndrome toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
toxic shock syndrome toxin-1
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
toxicity
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
toxin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
toxins
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Toxocara canis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
toxoid vaccines
18.5 Vaccines
Toxoplasma gondii
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
toxoplasmosis
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
trace element
7.1 Organic Molecules
trachoma
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
transcription
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material,
11.3 RNA Transcription
transcription bubble
11.3 RNA Transcription
transcription factors
11.7 Gene Regulation: Operon Theory
transduction
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
transendothelial migration
17.4 Pathogen Recognition and Phagocytosis
transfection
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
transfer RNA (tRNA)
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA
transferrin
17.2 Chemical Defenses
transferrin-binding protein (Tbp)
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
transformation
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
transfusion
20.3 Agglutination Assays
transgenic plants
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
transglutinaminase
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
transglycosylation
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
transient microbiota
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes
transition reaction
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
translation
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.3 Structure and Function of RNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
11.1 The Functions of Genetic Material,
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation),
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
translocation
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs)
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
6.4 Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
transmission electron microscope (TEM)
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
transmittance
2.1 The Properties of Light
transparency
2.1 The Properties of Light
transpeptidase
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
transpeptidation
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
transplantation
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
transport vesicles
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
transposition
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
transposons
10.1 Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
14.5 Drug Resistance
traveler’s diarrhea
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
trematodes
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
trench mouth
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
Treponema
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria,
4.3 Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria and Phototrophic Bacteria
Treponema pallidum
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy,
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Treponemal serologic tests
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
triacylglycerol
7.3 Lipids
tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)
8.2 Catabolism of Carbohydrates
trichenellosis
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Trichinella spiralis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths
trichinosis
5.2 Parasitic Helminths,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
trichloroethylene (TCE)
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
Trichomonas vaginalis
3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
trichomoniasis
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
23.6 Protozoan Infections of the Urogenital System
Trichuris trichiura
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
triclabendazole
24.6 Helminthic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
triclocarban
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms
triglycerides
8.5 Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
trimethoprim
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
22.4 Respiratory Mycoses,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
tripeptide
7.4 Proteins
trophozoite
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Trypanosoma
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Trypanosoma brucei
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites,
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
15.4 Virulence Factors of Eukaryotic Pathogens,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
Trypanosoma cruzi
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
trypanosomes
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
tryptic soy broth (TSB)
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
TSH-receptor antibody
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
tubercle
17.5 Inflammation and Fever
tuberculin
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Tuberculoid (paucibacillary) Hansen’s disease
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
tuberculosis
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens,
4.1 Prokaryote Habitats, Relationships, and Microbiomes,
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria,
14.2 Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
16.4 Global Public Health,
16.4 Global Public Health,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
19.1 Hypersensitivities,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
tuberculosis vaccine
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
tumor antigen
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
tumor necrosis factor
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
19.1 Hypersensitivities
tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmids
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
tumor-specific antigens
19.5 Cancer Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
turbidity
9.1 How Microbes Grow
turducken
16.2 Tracking Infectious Diseases
two-dimensional PAGE
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein
two-photon microscope
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
Twort
6.1 Viruses
tympanic membrane
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
type 1 diabetes mellitus
19.2 Autoimmune Disorders
type 1 fimbrial adhesin
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
type I hypersensitivity
19.1 Hypersensitivities
type II hypersensitivities
19.1 Hypersensitivities
type III secretion effectors
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
type IV hypersensitivities
19.1 Hypersensitivities
type IV pili
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
Typhi
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
typhoid fever
4.2 Proteobacteria,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
20.3 Agglutination Assays,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Typhoid Mary
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
tyrosine kinase
19.4 Immunodeficiency
U
ulcer
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes,
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System
ultra-high-temperature (UHT) pasteurization
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
ultra-low freezer
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
ultramicrotome
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
ultraviolet radiation
11.5 Mutations
undulating fever
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
unfolded proteins
7.4 Proteins
unit membranes
7.3 Lipids
unsaturated fatty acid
7.3 Lipids
Ureaplasma
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Ureaplasma urealyticum
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
urease
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
urethritis
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Urey
Introduction
urinary bladder
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
urinary meatus
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
urinary system
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
urinary tract infection (UTI)
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
urinary tract infections
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
Introduction,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
urine
17.2 Chemical Defenses
urine dipstick
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
urogenital system
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
use-dilution test
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
V
V, D, and J segments
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
vaccine
19.4 Immunodeficiency
Vaccine schedules
18.5 Vaccines
vacuum filter
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
vacuum-assisted closure (VAC)
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
vaginal microbiota
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
vaginal pH
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
vaginal swabs
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
vaginitis
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
valacyclovir
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes,
23.4 Viral Infections of the Reproductive System,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
van Helmont
3.1 Spontaneous Generation
van Leeuwenhoek
2.2 Peering Into the Invisible World
vancomycin
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
14.3 Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs,
14.5 Drug Resistance,
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)
14.5 Drug Resistance
vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)
14.5 Drug Resistance
variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) segments
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity
variable region
18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity,
18.3 T Lymphocytes and Cellular Immunity,
18.4 B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity
variable regions
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production,
20.1 Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibody Production
varicella-zoster virus
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle,
12.2 Visualizing and Characterizing DNA, RNA, and Protein,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
variolation
18.5 Vaccines
vasodilation
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
17.5 Inflammation and Fever,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
vegetative cells
3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
vehicle transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory
23.3 Bacterial Infections of the Reproductive System
Vertical direct contact transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
vertical gene transfer
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
viable
9.1 How Microbes Grow
viable plate count
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Vibrio cholerae
4.2 Proteobacteria,
8.3 Cellular Respiration,
9.3 The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes,
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Vibrionales
4.2 Proteobacteria
vidarabine
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs
Villa-Komaroff
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
villi
24.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
viral adhesins
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
viral conjunctivitis
21.3 Viral Infections of the Skin and Eyes
viral envelope
6.1 Viruses
viral genomes
10.4 Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
viral hemagglutination inhibition assay
20.3 Agglutination Assays
viral meningitis
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
viral neuraminidase
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
viral pneumonia
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
viral titer
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
viral vectors
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
viremia
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
25.1 Anatomy of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
viricide
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth
viridans group streptococci
22.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
virion
6.1 Viruses
virology
1.3 Types of Microorganisms
virulence
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease
virulence factor
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity,
15.3 Virulence Factors of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens,
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
virulence factor B
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
virulence factors
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System,
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
virulence gene
11.6 How Asexual Prokaryotes Achieve Genetic Diversity
Virulent phages
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
viruses
11.2 DNA Replication
visceral leishmaniasis
25.4 Parasitic Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
visible light
2.1 The Properties of Light
vitreous humor
21.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Skin and Eyes
W
walking pneumonia
4.4 Gram-Positive Bacteria
Warthin-Starry silver-precipitate procedure
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Wasserman test
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
Wassermann
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes
water activity
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
water activity (aw)
9.5 Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
water purification
13.2 Using Physical Methods to Control Microorganisms
waterborne transmission
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission
Watson
11.2 DNA Replication
Watson and Crick
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
Introduction
wavelength
2.1 The Properties of Light
waxes
7.3 Lipids
Weil’s disease
23.2 Bacterial Infections of the Urinary System
Weiner
19.1 Hypersensitivities
West African trypanosomiasis
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
West Nile encephalitis (WNE)
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
West Nile virus
13.1 Controlling Microbial Growth,
16.1 The Language of Epidemiologists,
18.5 Vaccines
western blot
6.3 Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses,
20.2 Detecting Antigen-Antibody Complexes,
20.4 EIAs and ELISAs
Western equine encephalitis (WEE)
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
wet mount
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
wheal-flare reaction
19.1 Hypersensitivities
Whittaker
1.2 A Systematic Approach
whooping cough
4.2 Proteobacteria,
Introduction,
18.5 Vaccines,
22.2 Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Widal test
20.3 Agglutination Assays
wild type
11.5 Mutations
Williams
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System
Winterbottom’s sign
26.4 Fungal and Parasitic Diseases of the Nervous System
wobble position
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation)
wool sorter’s disease
21.2 Bacterial Infections of the Skin and Eyes
World Health Organization (WHO)
16.4 Global Public Health
wound botulism
26.2 Bacterial Diseases of the Nervous System
X
X-gal
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering,
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering
X-linked agammaglobulinemia
19.4 Immunodeficiency
X-linked SCID
19.4 Immunodeficiency
X-ray diffraction
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA,
10.2 Structure and Function of DNA
x-y mechanical stage knobs
2.3 Instruments of Microscopy
XDR-TB
14.5 Drug Resistance
xenobiotic
8.7 Biogeochemical Cycles
xenobiotics
4.2 Proteobacteria
xenograft
19.3 Organ Transplantation and Rejection
Xenopsylla cheopis
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Xenopus laevis
12.1 Microbes and the Tools of Genetic Engineering
xylose-lysine-deoxycholate
9.6 Media Used for Bacterial Growth
Y
Yarrowia
7.1 Organic Molecules
yeast infection
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.1 Anatomy and Normal Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract,
23.5 Fungal Infections of the Reproductive System
yeasts
5.3 Fungi
yellow fever
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease,
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
24.4 Viral Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract,
Introduction,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems,
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Yellow Fever Initiative
25.3 Viral Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
Yersinia
4.2 Proteobacteria,
15.2 How Pathogens Cause Disease,
24.3 Bacterial Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Yersinia pestis
4.2 Proteobacteria,
12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering,
25.2 Bacterial Infections of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
yogurt
8.4 Fermentation
Z
Z ring
9.1 How Microbes Grow
Z-scheme
8.6 Photosynthesis
zanamivir
14.4 Mechanisms of Other Antimicrobial Drugs,
22.3 Viral Infections of the Respiratory Tract
Ziehl-Neelsen technique
2.4 Staining Microscopic Specimens
Zika virus
16.3 Modes of Disease Transmission,
26.1 Anatomy of the Nervous System,
26.3 Acellular Diseases of the Nervous System
zinc chloride
13.3 Using Chemicals to Control Microorganisms,
24.2 Microbial Diseases of the Mouth and Oral Cavity
ZMapp
6.2 The Viral Life Cycle
zone of inhibition
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials,
14.6 Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
zones of inhibition
13.4 Testing the Effectiveness of Antiseptics and Disinfectants
zoonoses
6.1 Viruses
zoonotic disease
15.1 Characteristics of Infectious Disease
zooplankton
5.1 Unicellular Eukaryotic Parasites
Zygomycota
5.3 Fungi
zygospores
5.3 Fungi