University Physics Volume 2

# Chapter 14

14.1

$4.77 × 10 −2 V 4.77 × 10 −2 V$

14.2

a. decreasing; b. increasing; Since the current flows in the opposite direction of the diagram, in order to get a positive emf on the left-hand side of diagram (a), we need to decrease the current to the left, which creates a reinforced emf where the positive end is on the left-hand side. To get a positive emf on the right-hand side of diagram (b), we need to increase the current to the left, which creates a reinforced emf where the positive end is on the right-hand side.

14.3

40 A/s

14.4

a. $4.5×10−5H4.5×10−5H$; b. $4.5×10−3V4.5×10−3V$

14.5

a. $2.4×10−7Wb2.4×10−7Wb$; b. $6.4×10−5m26.4×10−5m2$

14.6

0.50 J

14.8

a. 2.2 s; b. 43 H; c. 1.0 s

14.10

a. $2.5μF2.5μF$; b. $π/2rad or3π/2radπ/2rad or3π/2rad$; c. $1.4×103rad/s1.4×103rad/s$

14.11

a. overdamped; b. 0.75 J

### Conceptual Questions

1.

$Wb A = T · m 2 A = V · s A = V A/s Wb A = T · m 2 A = V · s A = V A/s$

3.

The induced current from the 12-V battery goes through an inductor, generating a large voltage.

5.

Self-inductance is proportional to the magnetic flux and inversely proportional to the current. However, since the magnetic flux depends on the current I, these effects cancel out. This means that the self-inductance does not depend on the current. If the emf is induced across an element, it does depend on how the current changes with time.

7.

Consider the ends of a wire a part of an RL circuit and determine the self-inductance from this circuit.

9.

The magnetic field will flare out at the end of the solenoid so there is less flux through the last turn than through the middle of the solenoid.

11.

As current flows through the inductor, there is a back current by Lenz’s law that is created to keep the net current at zero amps, the initial current.

13.

no

15.

At $t=0t=0$, or when the switch is first thrown.

17.

1/4

19.

Initially, $IR1=εR1IR1=εR1$ and $IR2=0IR2=0$, and after a long time has passed, $IR1=εR1IR1=εR1$ and $IR2=εR2IR2=εR2$.

21.

yes

23.

The amplitude of energy oscillations depend on the initial energy of the system. The frequency in a LC circuit depends on the values of inductance and capacitance.

25.

This creates an RLC circuit that dissipates energy, causing oscillations to decrease in amplitude slowly or quickly depending on the value of resistance.

27.

You would have to pick out a resistance that is small enough so that only one station at a time is picked up, but big enough so that the tuner doesn’t have to be set at exactly the correct frequency. The inductance or capacitance would have to be varied to tune into the station however practically speaking, variable capacitors are a lot easier to build in a circuit.

### Problems

29.

$M = 3.6 × 10 −3 H M = 3.6 × 10 −3 H$

31.

a. $3.8×10−4H3.8×10−4H$; b. $3.8×10−4H3.8×10−4H$

33.

$M 21 = 2.3 × 10 −5 H M 21 = 2.3 × 10 −5 H$

35.

0.24 H

37.

0.4 A/s

39.

$ε = 480 π sin ( 120 π t − π / 2 ) V ε = 480 π sin ( 120 π t − π / 2 ) V$

41.

0.15 V. This is the same polarity as the emf driving the current.

43.

a. 0.089 H/m; b. 0.44 V/m

45.

$L l = 4.16 × 10 −7 H/m L l = 4.16 × 10 −7 H/m$

47.

0.01 A

49.

6.0 g

51.

$U m = 7.0 × 10 −7 J U m = 7.0 × 10 −7 J$

53.

a. 4.0 A; b. 2.4 A; c. on R: $V=12VV=12V$; on L: $V=7.9VV=7.9V$

55.

$0.69 τ 0.69 τ$

57.

a. 2.52 ms; b. $99.2Ω99.2Ω$

59.

a. $I1=I2=1.7AI1=I2=1.7A$; b. $I1=2.54A,I2=1.27AI1=2.54A,I2=1.27A$; c. $I1=0,I2=1.27AI1=0,I2=1.27A$; d. $I1=I2=0I1=I2=0$

61.

proof

63.

$ω = 3.2 × 10 7 rad/s ω = 3.2 × 10 7 rad/s$

65.

a. $1.57×10−6s1.57×10−6s$; b. $3.93×10−7s3.93×10−7s$

67.

$q = q m 2 , I = q m 2 L C q = q m 2 , I = q m 2 L C$

69.

$C = 1 4 π 2 f 2 L f 1 = 540 Hz; C 1 = 3.5 × 10 −11 F f 2 = 1600 Hz; C 2 = 4.0 × 10 −12 F C = 1 4 π 2 f 2 L f 1 = 540 Hz; C 1 = 3.5 × 10 −11 F f 2 = 1600 Hz; C 2 = 4.0 × 10 −12 F$

71.

6.9 ms

73.

Let a equal the radius of the long, thin wire, r the location where the magnetic field is measured, and R the upper limit of the problem where we will take R as it approaches infinity.
proof $Outside,B=μ0I2πrInside,B=μ0Ir2πa2 U=μ0I2l4π(14+lnRa) So,2UI2=μ0l2π(14+lnRa)andL=∞ Outside,B=μ0I2πrInside,B=μ0Ir2πa2 U=μ0I2l4π(14+lnRa) So,2UI2=μ0l2π(14+lnRa)andL=∞$

75.

$M = μ 0 l π ln d + a d M = μ 0 l π ln d + a d$

77.

a. 100 T; b. 2 A; c. 0.50 H

79.

a. 0 A; b. 2.4 A

81.

a. $2.50×106V2.50×106V$; (b) The voltage is so extremely high that arcing would occur and the current would not be reduced so rapidly. (c) It is not reasonable to shut off such a large current in such a large inductor in such an extremely short time.

### Challenge Problems

83.

proof

85.

a. $dBdt=6×10−6T/s;dBdt=6×10−6T/s;$ b. $Φ=μ0aI2πln(a+bb)Φ=μ0aI2πln(a+bb)$; c. 4.4 nA

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