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Principles of Accounting, Volume 1: Financial Accounting

Problem Set A

Principles of Accounting, Volume 1: Financial AccountingProblem Set A
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Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. 1 Role of Accounting in Society
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 1.1 Explain the Importance of Accounting and Distinguish between Financial and Managerial Accounting
    3. 1.2 Identify Users of Accounting Information and How They Apply Information
    4. 1.3 Describe Typical Accounting Activities and the Role Accountants Play in Identifying, Recording, and Reporting Financial Activities
    5. 1.4 Explain Why Accounting Is Important to Business Stakeholders
    6. 1.5 Describe the Varied Career Paths Open to Individuals with an Accounting Education
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
  3. 2 Introduction to Financial Statements
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 2.1 Describe the Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, Balance Sheet, and Statement of Cash Flows, and How They Interrelate
    3. 2.2 Define, Explain, and Provide Examples of Current and Noncurrent Assets, Current and Noncurrent Liabilities, Equity, Revenues, and Expenses
    4. 2.3 Prepare an Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet
    5. Key Terms
    6. Summary
    7. Multiple Choice
    8. Questions
    9. Exercise Set A
    10. Exercise Set B
    11. Problem Set A
    12. Problem Set B
    13. Thought Provokers
  4. 3 Analyzing and Recording Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 3.1 Describe Principles, Assumptions, and Concepts of Accounting and Their Relationship to Financial Statements
    3. 3.2 Define and Describe the Expanded Accounting Equation and Its Relationship to Analyzing Transactions
    4. 3.3 Define and Describe the Initial Steps in the Accounting Cycle
    5. 3.4 Analyze Business Transactions Using the Accounting Equation and Show the Impact of Business Transactions on Financial Statements
    6. 3.5 Use Journal Entries to Record Transactions and Post to T-Accounts
    7. 3.6 Prepare a Trial Balance
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  5. 4 The Adjustment Process
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 4.1 Explain the Concepts and Guidelines Affecting Adjusting Entries
    3. 4.2 Discuss the Adjustment Process and Illustrate Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    4. 4.3 Record and Post the Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    5. 4.4 Use the Ledger Balances to Prepare an Adjusted Trial Balance
    6. 4.5 Prepare Financial Statements Using the Adjusted Trial Balance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  6. 5 Completing the Accounting Cycle
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 5.1 Describe and Prepare Closing Entries for a Business
    3. 5.2 Prepare a Post-Closing Trial Balance
    4. 5.3 Apply the Results from the Adjusted Trial Balance to Compute Current Ratio and Working Capital Balance, and Explain How These Measures Represent Liquidity
    5. 5.4 Appendix: Complete a Comprehensive Accounting Cycle for a Business
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  7. 6 Merchandising Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 6.1 Compare and Contrast Merchandising versus Service Activities and Transactions
    3. 6.2 Compare and Contrast Perpetual versus Periodic Inventory Systems
    4. 6.3 Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    5. 6.4 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Sale of Merchandise Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    6. 6.5 Discuss and Record Transactions Applying the Two Commonly Used Freight-In Methods
    7. 6.6 Describe and Prepare Multi-Step and Simple Income Statements for Merchandising Companies
    8. 6.7 Appendix: Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases and Sales Using the Periodic Inventory System
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  8. 7 Accounting Information Systems
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 7.1 Define and Describe the Components of an Accounting Information System
    3. 7.2 Describe and Explain the Purpose of Special Journals and Their Importance to Stakeholders
    4. 7.3 Analyze and Journalize Transactions Using Special Journals
    5. 7.4 Prepare a Subsidiary Ledger
    6. 7.5 Describe Career Paths Open to Individuals with a Joint Education in Accounting and Information Systems
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  9. 8 Fraud, Internal Controls, and Cash
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 8.1 Analyze Fraud in the Accounting Workplace
    3. 8.2 Define and Explain Internal Controls and Their Purpose within an Organization
    4. 8.3 Describe Internal Controls within an Organization
    5. 8.4 Define the Purpose and Use of a Petty Cash Fund, and Prepare Petty Cash Journal Entries
    6. 8.5 Discuss Management Responsibilities for Maintaining Internal Controls within an Organization
    7. 8.6 Define the Purpose of a Bank Reconciliation, and Prepare a Bank Reconciliation and Its Associated Journal Entries
    8. 8.7 Describe Fraud in Financial Statements and Sarbanes-Oxley Act Requirements
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  10. 9 Accounting for Receivables
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 9.1 Explain the Revenue Recognition Principle and How It Relates to Current and Future Sales and Purchase Transactions
    3. 9.2 Account for Uncollectible Accounts Using the Balance Sheet and Income Statement Approaches
    4. 9.3 Determine the Efficiency of Receivables Management Using Financial Ratios
    5. 9.4 Discuss the Role of Accounting for Receivables in Earnings Management
    6. 9.5 Apply Revenue Recognition Principles to Long-Term Projects
    7. 9.6 Explain How Notes Receivable and Accounts Receivable Differ
    8. 9.7 Appendix: Comprehensive Example of Bad Debt Estimation
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  11. 10 Inventory
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 10.1 Describe and Demonstrate the Basic Inventory Valuation Methods and Their Cost Flow Assumptions
    3. 10.2 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Periodic Method
    4. 10.3 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Perpetual Method
    5. 10.4 Explain and Demonstrate the Impact of Inventory Valuation Errors on the Income Statement and Balance Sheet
    6. 10.5 Examine the Efficiency of Inventory Management Using Financial Ratios
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  12. 11 Long-Term Assets
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 11.1 Distinguish between Tangible and Intangible Assets
    3. 11.2 Analyze and Classify Capitalized Costs versus Expenses
    4. 11.3 Explain and Apply Depreciation Methods to Allocate Capitalized Costs
    5. 11.4 Describe Accounting for Intangible Assets and Record Related Transactions
    6. 11.5 Describe Some Special Issues in Accounting for Long-Term Assets
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  13. 12 Current Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 12.1 Identify and Describe Current Liabilities
    3. 12.2 Analyze, Journalize, and Report Current Liabilities
    4. 12.3 Define and Apply Accounting Treatment for Contingent Liabilities
    5. 12.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record Short-Term Notes Payable
    6. 12.5 Record Transactions Incurred in Preparing Payroll
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  14. 13 Long-Term Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 13.1 Explain the Pricing of Long-Term Liabilities
    3. 13.2 Compute Amortization of Long-Term Liabilities Using the Effective-Interest Method
    4. 13.3 Prepare Journal Entries to Reflect the Life Cycle of Bonds
    5. 13.4 Appendix: Special Topics Related to Long-Term Liabilities
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  15. 14 Corporation Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 14.1 Explain the Process of Securing Equity Financing through the Issuance of Stock
    3. 14.2 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Issuance and Repurchase of Stock
    4. 14.3 Record Transactions and the Effects on Financial Statements for Cash Dividends, Property Dividends, Stock Dividends, and Stock Splits
    5. 14.4 Compare and Contrast Owners’ Equity versus Retained Earnings
    6. 14.5 Discuss the Applicability of Earnings per Share as a Method to Measure Performance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  16. 15 Partnership Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 15.1 Describe the Advantages and Disadvantages of Organizing as a Partnership
    3. 15.2 Describe How a Partnership Is Created, Including the Associated Journal Entries
    4. 15.3 Compute and Allocate Partners’ Share of Income and Loss
    5. 15.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record the Admission and Withdrawal of a Partner
    6. 15.5 Discuss and Record Entries for the Dissolution of a Partnership
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  17. 16 Statement of Cash Flows
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 16.1 Explain the Purpose of the Statement of Cash Flows
    3. 16.2 Differentiate between Operating, Investing, and Financing Activities
    4. 16.3 Prepare the Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    5. 16.4 Prepare the Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    6. 16.5 Use Information from the Statement of Cash Flows to Prepare Ratios to Assess Liquidity and Solvency
    7. 16.6 Appendix: Prepare a Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Direct Method
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  18. A | Financial Statement Analysis
  19. B | Time Value of Money
  20. C | Suggested Resources
  21. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
  22. Index
PA 1.

LO 12.1Consider the following situations and determine (1) which type of liability should be recognized (specific account), and (2) how much should be recognized in the current period (year).

  1. A business sets up a line of credit with a supplier. The company purchases $10,000 worth of equipment on credit. Terms of purchase are 5/10, n/30.
  2. A customer purchases a watering hose for $25. The sales tax rate is 5%.
  3. Customers pay in advance for season tickets to a soccer game. There are fourteen customers, each paying $250 per season ticket. Each customer purchased two season tickets.
  4. A company issues 2,000 shares of its common stock with a price per share of $15.
PA 2.

LO 12.1Stork Enterprises delivers care packages for special occasions. They charge $45 for a small package, and $80 for a large package. The sales tax rate is 6%. During the month of May, Stork delivers 38 small packages and 22 large packages.

  1. What is the total tax charged to the customer per small package? What is the overall charge per small package?
  2. What is the total tax charged to the customer per large package? What is the overall charge per large package?
  3. How much sales tax liability does Stork Enterprises have for the month of May?
  4. What account is used to recognize this tax situation for the month of May?
  5. When Stork remits payment to the sales tax governing body, what happens to the sales tax liability?
PA 3.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions, and prepare any necessary journal entries for Renovation Goods.

  1. On May 12, Renovation Goods purchases 750 square feet of flooring (Flooring Inventory) at $3.00 per square foot from a supplier, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 2/10, n/30 from the invoice date of May 12.
  2. On May 15, Renovation Goods purchases 200 measuring tapes (Tape Inventory) at $5.75 per tape from a supplier, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 4/15, n/60 from the invoice date of May 15.
  3. On May 22, Renovation Goods pays cash for the amount due to the flooring supplier from the May 12 transaction.
  4. On June 3, Renovation Goods pays cash for the amount due to the tape supplier from the May 15 transaction.
PA 4.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions, and prepare any necessary journal entries for Juniper Landscaping Services.

  1. On November 5, Juniper receives advance cash payment from a customer for landscaping services in the amount of $3,500. Juniper had yet to provide landscaping services as of November 5.
  2. On December 11, Juniper provides all of the landscaping services to the customer from November 5.
  3. On December 14, Juniper receives advance payment from another customer for landscaping services in the amount of $4,400. Juniper has yet to provide landscaping services as of December 14.
  4. On January 19 of the following year, Juniper provides and recognizes 80% of landscaping services to the customer from December 14.
PA 5.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions, and prepare any necessary journal entries.

  1. On July 16, Arrow Corp. purchases 200 computers (Equipment) at $500 per computer from a supplier, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 4/10, n/50 from the invoice date of July 16.
  2. On August 10, Hondo Inc. receives advance cash payment from a client for legal services in the amount of $9,000. Hondo had yet to provide legal services as of August 10.
  3. On September 22, Jack Pies sells thirty pies for $25 cash per pie. The sales tax rate is 8%.
  4. On November 8, More Supplies paid a portion of their noncurrent note in the amount of $3,250 cash.
PA 6.

LO 12.3Machine Corp. has several pending lawsuits against its company. Review each situation and (1) determine the treatment for each situation as probable and estimable, probable and inestimable, reasonably possible, or remote; (2) determine what, if any, recognition or note disclosure is required; and (3) prepare any journal entries required to recognize a contingent liability.

  1. A pending lawsuit, claiming $100,000 in damages, is considered likely to favor the plaintiff and can be reasonably estimated.
  2. Machine Corp. believes there might be other potential lawsuits about this faulty machinery, but this is unlikely to occur.
  3. A claimant sues Machine Corp. for damages, from a dishonored service contract agreement; the plaintiff will likely win the case but damages cannot be reasonably estimated.
  4. Machine Corp. believes a customer will win a lawsuit it filed, but the outcome is not likely and is not remote. It is possible the customer will win.
PA 7.

LO 12.3Emperor Pool Services provides pool cleaning and maintenance services to residential clients. It offers a one-year warranty on all services. Review each of the transactions, and prepare any necessary journal entries for each situation.

  1. March 31: Emperor provides cleaning services for fifteen pools during the month of March at a sales price per pool of $550 cash. Emperor records warranty estimates when sales are recognized and bases warranty estimates on 2% of sales.
  2. April 5: A customer files a warranty claim that Emperor honors in the amount of $100 cash.
  3. April 13: Another customer, J. Jones, files a warranty claim that Emperor does not honor due to customer negligence.
  4. June 8: J. Jones files a lawsuit requesting damages related to the dishonored warranty in the amount of $1,500. Emperor determines that the lawsuit is likely to end in the plaintiff’s favor and the $1,500 is a reasonable estimate for damages.
PA 8.

LO 12.4Serene Company purchases fountains for its inventory from Kirkland Inc. The following transactions take place during the current year.

  1. On July 3, the company purchases thirty fountains for $1,200 per fountain, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 2/10, n/30, invoice dated July 3.
  2. On August 3, Serene does not pay the amount due and renegotiates with Kirkland. Kirkland agrees to convert the debt owed into a short-term note, with an 8% annual interest rate, payable in two months from August 3.
  3. On October 3, Serene Company pays its account in full.

Record the journal entries to recognize the initial purchase, the conversion, and the payment.

PA 9.

LO 12.4Mohammed LLC is a growing consulting firm. The following transactions take place during the current year.

  1. On June 10, Mohammed borrows $270,000 from a bank to cover the initial cost of expansion. Terms of the loan are payment due in four months from June 10, and annual interest rate of 5%.
  2. On July 9, Mohammed borrows an additional $100,000 with payment due in four months from July 9, and an annual interest rate of 12%.
  3. Mohammed pays their accounts in full on October 10 for the June 10 loan, and on November 9 for the July 9 loan.

Record the journal entries to recognize the initial borrowings, and the two payments for Mohammed.

PA 10.

LO 12.5Lemur Corp. is going to pay three employees a year-end bonus. The amount of the year-end bonus and the amount of federal income tax withholding are as follows.

Figure shows employee Sarah, Joe, and Kevin. Their filing statuses are married, single and single, respectively. Allowances are 4, 2, and 1 respectively. Their gross income is $10,000, $9,000, and $4,000 respectively. Federal income withholding is $962, $1,362, and $357, respectively.

Lemur’s payroll deductions include FICA Social Security at 6.2%, FICA Medicare at 1.45%, FUTA at 0.6%, SUTA at 5.4%, federal income tax as previously shown, state income tax at 5% of gross pay, and 401(k) employee contributions at 2% of gross pay.

Record the entry for the employee payroll on December 31.

PA 11.

LO 12.5Record the journal entries for each of the following payroll transactions.

Apr. 2 Paid $650 and $340 cash to a federal depository for FICA Social Security and FICA Medicare, respectively
Apr. 4 Paid accumulated employee salaries of $15,220
Apr. 11 Issued checks in the amounts of $480 for federal income tax and $300 for state income tax to an IRS-approved bank
Apr. 14 Paid cash to health insurance carrier for total outstanding health insurance liability of $800
Apr. 22 Remitted cash payments for FUTA and SUTA to federal and state unemployment agencies in the amounts of $130 and $250, respectively
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