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Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. 1 Role of Accounting in Society
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 1.1 Explain the Importance of Accounting and Distinguish between Financial and Managerial Accounting
    3. 1.2 Identify Users of Accounting Information and How They Apply Information
    4. 1.3 Describe Typical Accounting Activities and the Role Accountants Play in Identifying, Recording, and Reporting Financial Activities
    5. 1.4 Explain Why Accounting Is Important to Business Stakeholders
    6. 1.5 Describe the Varied Career Paths Open to Individuals with an Accounting Education
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
  3. 2 Introduction to Financial Statements
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 2.1 Describe the Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, Balance Sheet, and Statement of Cash Flows, and How They Interrelate
    3. 2.2 Define, Explain, and Provide Examples of Current and Noncurrent Assets, Current and Noncurrent Liabilities, Equity, Revenues, and Expenses
    4. 2.3 Prepare an Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet
    5. Key Terms
    6. Summary
    7. Multiple Choice
    8. Questions
    9. Exercise Set A
    10. Exercise Set B
    11. Problem Set A
    12. Problem Set B
    13. Thought Provokers
  4. 3 Analyzing and Recording Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 3.1 Describe Principles, Assumptions, and Concepts of Accounting and Their Relationship to Financial Statements
    3. 3.2 Define and Describe the Expanded Accounting Equation and Its Relationship to Analyzing Transactions
    4. 3.3 Define and Describe the Initial Steps in the Accounting Cycle
    5. 3.4 Analyze Business Transactions Using the Accounting Equation and Show the Impact of Business Transactions on Financial Statements
    6. 3.5 Use Journal Entries to Record Transactions and Post to T-Accounts
    7. 3.6 Prepare a Trial Balance
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  5. 4 The Adjustment Process
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 4.1 Explain the Concepts and Guidelines Affecting Adjusting Entries
    3. 4.2 Discuss the Adjustment Process and Illustrate Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    4. 4.3 Record and Post the Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    5. 4.4 Use the Ledger Balances to Prepare an Adjusted Trial Balance
    6. 4.5 Prepare Financial Statements Using the Adjusted Trial Balance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  6. 5 Completing the Accounting Cycle
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 5.1 Describe and Prepare Closing Entries for a Business
    3. 5.2 Prepare a Post-Closing Trial Balance
    4. 5.3 Apply the Results from the Adjusted Trial Balance to Compute Current Ratio and Working Capital Balance, and Explain How These Measures Represent Liquidity
    5. 5.4 Appendix: Complete a Comprehensive Accounting Cycle for a Business
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  7. 6 Merchandising Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 6.1 Compare and Contrast Merchandising versus Service Activities and Transactions
    3. 6.2 Compare and Contrast Perpetual versus Periodic Inventory Systems
    4. 6.3 Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    5. 6.4 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Sale of Merchandise Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    6. 6.5 Discuss and Record Transactions Applying the Two Commonly Used Freight-In Methods
    7. 6.6 Describe and Prepare Multi-Step and Simple Income Statements for Merchandising Companies
    8. 6.7 Appendix: Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases and Sales Using the Periodic Inventory System
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  8. 7 Accounting Information Systems
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 7.1 Define and Describe the Components of an Accounting Information System
    3. 7.2 Describe and Explain the Purpose of Special Journals and Their Importance to Stakeholders
    4. 7.3 Analyze and Journalize Transactions Using Special Journals
    5. 7.4 Prepare a Subsidiary Ledger
    6. 7.5 Describe Career Paths Open to Individuals with a Joint Education in Accounting and Information Systems
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  9. 8 Fraud, Internal Controls, and Cash
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 8.1 Analyze Fraud in the Accounting Workplace
    3. 8.2 Define and Explain Internal Controls and Their Purpose within an Organization
    4. 8.3 Describe Internal Controls within an Organization
    5. 8.4 Define the Purpose and Use of a Petty Cash Fund, and Prepare Petty Cash Journal Entries
    6. 8.5 Discuss Management Responsibilities for Maintaining Internal Controls within an Organization
    7. 8.6 Define the Purpose of a Bank Reconciliation, and Prepare a Bank Reconciliation and Its Associated Journal Entries
    8. 8.7 Describe Fraud in Financial Statements and Sarbanes-Oxley Act Requirements
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  10. 9 Accounting for Receivables
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 9.1 Explain the Revenue Recognition Principle and How It Relates to Current and Future Sales and Purchase Transactions
    3. 9.2 Account for Uncollectible Accounts Using the Balance Sheet and Income Statement Approaches
    4. 9.3 Determine the Efficiency of Receivables Management Using Financial Ratios
    5. 9.4 Discuss the Role of Accounting for Receivables in Earnings Management
    6. 9.5 Apply Revenue Recognition Principles to Long-Term Projects
    7. 9.6 Explain How Notes Receivable and Accounts Receivable Differ
    8. 9.7 Appendix: Comprehensive Example of Bad Debt Estimation
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  11. 10 Inventory
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 10.1 Describe and Demonstrate the Basic Inventory Valuation Methods and Their Cost Flow Assumptions
    3. 10.2 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Periodic Method
    4. 10.3 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Perpetual Method
    5. 10.4 Explain and Demonstrate the Impact of Inventory Valuation Errors on the Income Statement and Balance Sheet
    6. 10.5 Examine the Efficiency of Inventory Management Using Financial Ratios
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  12. 11 Long-Term Assets
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 11.1 Distinguish between Tangible and Intangible Assets
    3. 11.2 Analyze and Classify Capitalized Costs versus Expenses
    4. 11.3 Explain and Apply Depreciation Methods to Allocate Capitalized Costs
    5. 11.4 Describe Accounting for Intangible Assets and Record Related Transactions
    6. 11.5 Describe Some Special Issues in Accounting for Long-Term Assets
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  13. 12 Current Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 12.1 Identify and Describe Current Liabilities
    3. 12.2 Analyze, Journalize, and Report Current Liabilities
    4. 12.3 Define and Apply Accounting Treatment for Contingent Liabilities
    5. 12.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record Short-Term Notes Payable
    6. 12.5 Record Transactions Incurred in Preparing Payroll
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  14. 13 Long-Term Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 13.1 Explain the Pricing of Long-Term Liabilities
    3. 13.2 Compute Amortization of Long-Term Liabilities Using the Effective-Interest Method
    4. 13.3 Prepare Journal Entries to Reflect the Life Cycle of Bonds
    5. 13.4 Appendix: Special Topics Related to Long-Term Liabilities
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  15. 14 Corporation Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 14.1 Explain the Process of Securing Equity Financing through the Issuance of Stock
    3. 14.2 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Issuance and Repurchase of Stock
    4. 14.3 Record Transactions and the Effects on Financial Statements for Cash Dividends, Property Dividends, Stock Dividends, and Stock Splits
    5. 14.4 Compare and Contrast Owners’ Equity versus Retained Earnings
    6. 14.5 Discuss the Applicability of Earnings per Share as a Method to Measure Performance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  16. 15 Partnership Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 15.1 Describe the Advantages and Disadvantages of Organizing as a Partnership
    3. 15.2 Describe How a Partnership Is Created, Including the Associated Journal Entries
    4. 15.3 Compute and Allocate Partners’ Share of Income and Loss
    5. 15.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record the Admission and Withdrawal of a Partner
    6. 15.5 Discuss and Record Entries for the Dissolution of a Partnership
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  17. 16 Statement of Cash Flows
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 16.1 Explain the Purpose of the Statement of Cash Flows
    3. 16.2 Differentiate between Operating, Investing, and Financing Activities
    4. 16.3 Prepare the Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    5. 16.4 Prepare the Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    6. 16.5 Use Information from the Statement of Cash Flows to Prepare Ratios to Assess Liquidity and Solvency
    7. 16.6 Appendix: Prepare a Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Direct Method
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  18. A | Financial Statement Analysis
  19. B | Time Value of Money
  20. C | Suggested Resources
  21. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
  22. Index
EB 1.

LO 12.1Everglades Consultants takes out a loan in the amount of $375,000 on April 1. The terms of the loan include a repayment of principal in eight, equal installments, paid annually from the April 1 date. The annual interest rate on the loan is 5%, recognized on December 31. (Round answers to the nearest cent, if needed.)

  1. Compute the interest recognized as of December 31 in year 1.
  2. Compute the principal due in year 1.
EB 2.

LO 12.1Match each of the following accounts with the appropriate transaction or description.

A. Sales Tax Payable i. A customer pays in advance for services
B. Income Taxes Payable ii. A risk incentive rate for a loan
C. Current portion of a long-term note payable iii. State withholding from an employee’s paycheck
D. Interest Payable iv. The portion of a note due within the operating period
E. Accounts Payable v. A credit line between a purchaser and a supplier
F. Unearned Revenue vi. Extra tax collected on the sale of a product
EB 3.

LO 12.1Pianos Unlimited sells pianos to customers. The company contracts with a supplier who provides it with replacement piano keys. There is an agreement that Pianos Unlimited is not required to provide cash payment immediately, and instead will provide payment within thirty days of the invoice date.

Additional information:

  • Pianos Unlimited purchases 400 piano keys for $7 each on September 1, invoice date September 1, with discount terms 2/10, n/30.
  • Pianos Unlimited returns 150 piano keys (receiving a credit amount for the total purchase price per key of $7 each) on September 8.
  • The company purchases an additional 230 keys for $5 each on September 15, invoice date September 15, with no discount terms.
  • The company pays 50% of the total amount due to the supplier on September 24.

What amount does Pianos Unlimited still owe to the supplier on September 30? What account is used to recognize this outstanding amount?

EB 4.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries for Bernard Law Offices.

  1. On June 1, Bernard Law Offices receives an advance cash payment of $4,500 from a client for three months of legal services.
  2. On July 31, Bernard recognizes legal services provided.
EB 5.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries for Lands Inc.

  1. On December 10, Lands Inc. contracts with a supplier to purchase 450 plants for its merchandise inventory, on credit, for $12.50 each. Credit terms are 4/15, n/30 from the invoice date of December 10.
  2. On December 28, Lands pays the amount due in cash to the supplier.
EB 6.

LO 12.2Monster Drinks sells twenty-four cases of beverages on October 18 for $120 per case. On October 25, Monster sells another thirty-five cases for $140 per case. Sales tax is computed at 4% of the total sale. Prepare journal entries for each sale, including sales tax, and the remittance of all sales tax to the tax board on November 5.

EB 7.

LO 12.2McMasters Inc. specializes in BBQ accessories. In order for the company to expand its business, they take out a long-term loan in the amount of $800,000. Assume that any loans are created on January 1. The terms of the loan include a periodic payment plan, where interest payments are accumulated each year but are only computed against the outstanding principal balance during that current period. The annual interest rate is 9%. Each year on December 31, the company pays down the principal balance by $50,000. This payment is considered part of the outstanding principal balance when computing the interest accumulation that also occurs on December 31 of that year.

  1. Determine the outstanding principal balance on December 31 of the first year that is computed for interest.
  2. Compute the interest accrued on December 31 of the first year.
  3. Make a journal entry to record interest accumulated during the first year, but not paid as of December 31 of that first year.
EB 8.

LO 12.3Following is the unadjusted trial balance for Pens Unlimited on December 31, 2017.

The image shows the Unadjusted Trial Balance of Pens Unlimited Year Ended December 31, 2017. Cash has a debit balance of $8,500, Accounts receivable debit balance of $3,000, Merchandise inventory debit balance of $6,750, Buildings debit balance of $5,600, Equipment debit balance of $4,000, Accounts payable credit balance of $7,500, Salaries payable credit balance $4,250, Common stock credit balance of $5,000, Dividends, Sales revenue credit balance of $20,750, Cost of goods sold debit balance of $5,400, Salaries expense debit balance $4,250. The debit column and credit column each add up to $37,500.

You are also given the following supplemental information: A pending lawsuit, claiming $4,200 in damages, is considered likely to favor the plaintiff and can be reasonably estimated. Pens Unlimited believes a customer may win a lawsuit for $5,000 in damages, but the outcome is only reasonably possible to occur. Pens Unlimited records warranty estimates on the basis of 2% of annual sales revenue.

  1. Using the unadjusted trial balance and supplemental information for Pens Unlimited, construct an income statement for the year ended December 31, 2017. Pay particular attention to expenses resulting from contingencies.
  2. Construct a balance sheet, for December 31, 2017, from the given unadjusted trial balance, supplemental information, and income statement for Pens Unlimited. Pay particular attention to contingent liabilities.
  3. Prepare any necessary contingent liability note disclosures for Pens Unlimited. Only give one to three sentences for each contingency note disclosure.
EB 9.

LO 12.4Airplanes Unlimited purchases airplane parts from a supplier on March 19 at a quantity of 4,800 parts at $12.50 per part. Terms of the purchase are 3/10, n/30. Airplanes pays one-third of the amount due in cash on March 30 but cannot pay the remaining balance due. The supplier renegotiates the terms on April 18 and allows Airplanes to convert its purchase payment into a short-term note, with an annual interest rate of 9%, payable in six months.

Show the entries for the initial purchase, the partial payment, and the conversion.

EB 10.

LO 12.4Use information from Exercise 12.9. Compute the interest expense due when Airplanes Unlimited honors the note. Show the journal entry to recognize payment of the short-term note on October 18.

EB 11.

LO 12.4Whole Leaves wants to upgrade their equipment, and on January 24 the company takes out a loan from the bank in the amount of $310,000. The terms of the loan are 6.5% annual interest rate, payable in three months. Interest is due in equal payments each month.

Compute the interest expense due each month. Show the journal entry to recognize the interest payment on February 24, and the entry for payment of the short-term note and final interest payment on April 24. Round to the nearest cent if required.

EB 12.

LO 12.5Reference Figure 12.15 and use the following information to complete the requirements.

Figure shows Employee Debbie with $1,150 monthly gross income and 0 withholding allowances. Employee Michael with $1,270 monthly gross income and 2 withholding allowanced, and employee Karen with $2,600 monthly gross income and 1 withholding allowance.
  1. Determine the federal income tax withholdings amount per monthly pay period for each employee.
  2. Record the employee payroll entry (all employees) for the month of January assuming FICA Social Security is 6.2%, FICA Medicare is 1.45%, and state income tax is equal to 3% of gross income. (Round to the nearest cent if necessary.)
EB 13.

LO 12.5Marc & Associates employs Janet Evanovich at its law firm. Her gross income for June is $7,500. Payroll for the month of June follows: federal income tax of $650, state income tax of $60, local income tax of $30, FICA Social Security tax rate at 6.2%, FICA Medicare tax rate at 1.45%, health-care insurance premium of $300, donations to a charity of $50, and pension plan contribution of $200. The employee is responsible for covering 40% of his or her health insurance premium.

  1. Record the journal entry to recognize employee payroll for the month of June; dated June 30, 2017.
  2. Record remittance of the employee’s salary with cash on July 1.
EB 14.

LO 12.5In Exercise 12.13, you prepared the journal entries for Janet Evanovich, an employee of Marc & Associates. You have now been given the following additional information: June is the first pay period for this employee. FUTA taxes are 0.6% and SUTA taxes are 5.4% of the first $7,000 paid to the employee. FICA Social Security and FICA Medicare match employee deductions. The employer is responsible for 60% of the health insurance premium. The employer matches 50% of employee pension plan contributions.

Using the information from Exercise 12.13 and the additional information provided:

  1. Record the employer payroll for the month of June, dated June 30, 2017.
  2. Record the payment in cash of all employer liabilities only on July 1.
EB 15.

LO 12.5An employee and employer cost-share 401(k) plan contributions, health insurance premium payments, and charitable donations. The employer also provides annual vacation compensation equal to ten days of pay at a rate of $30 per hour, eight-hour work day. The employee makes a gross wage of $3,000 monthly. The employee decides to use five days of vacation during the current pay period. Employees cover 30% of the 401(k) plan contribution and 30% of the health insurance premium. The employee also donates 1% of gross pay to a charitable organization.

  1. What would be the employee’s total benefits responsibility if the total 401(k) contribution is $700 and the health insurance premium is $260?
  2. Include the journal entry representing the payroll benefits accumulation for the employer in the month of March, if the employer matches the employee’s charitable donation of 1%.
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