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Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. 1 Role of Accounting in Society
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 1.1 Explain the Importance of Accounting and Distinguish between Financial and Managerial Accounting
    3. 1.2 Identify Users of Accounting Information and How They Apply Information
    4. 1.3 Describe Typical Accounting Activities and the Role Accountants Play in Identifying, Recording, and Reporting Financial Activities
    5. 1.4 Explain Why Accounting Is Important to Business Stakeholders
    6. 1.5 Describe the Varied Career Paths Open to Individuals with an Accounting Education
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
  3. 2 Introduction to Financial Statements
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 2.1 Describe the Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, Balance Sheet, and Statement of Cash Flows, and How They Interrelate
    3. 2.2 Define, Explain, and Provide Examples of Current and Noncurrent Assets, Current and Noncurrent Liabilities, Equity, Revenues, and Expenses
    4. 2.3 Prepare an Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet
    5. Key Terms
    6. Summary
    7. Multiple Choice
    8. Questions
    9. Exercise Set A
    10. Exercise Set B
    11. Problem Set A
    12. Problem Set B
    13. Thought Provokers
  4. 3 Analyzing and Recording Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 3.1 Describe Principles, Assumptions, and Concepts of Accounting and Their Relationship to Financial Statements
    3. 3.2 Define and Describe the Expanded Accounting Equation and Its Relationship to Analyzing Transactions
    4. 3.3 Define and Describe the Initial Steps in the Accounting Cycle
    5. 3.4 Analyze Business Transactions Using the Accounting Equation and Show the Impact of Business Transactions on Financial Statements
    6. 3.5 Use Journal Entries to Record Transactions and Post to T-Accounts
    7. 3.6 Prepare a Trial Balance
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  5. 4 The Adjustment Process
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 4.1 Explain the Concepts and Guidelines Affecting Adjusting Entries
    3. 4.2 Discuss the Adjustment Process and Illustrate Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    4. 4.3 Record and Post the Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    5. 4.4 Use the Ledger Balances to Prepare an Adjusted Trial Balance
    6. 4.5 Prepare Financial Statements Using the Adjusted Trial Balance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  6. 5 Completing the Accounting Cycle
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 5.1 Describe and Prepare Closing Entries for a Business
    3. 5.2 Prepare a Post-Closing Trial Balance
    4. 5.3 Apply the Results from the Adjusted Trial Balance to Compute Current Ratio and Working Capital Balance, and Explain How These Measures Represent Liquidity
    5. 5.4 Appendix: Complete a Comprehensive Accounting Cycle for a Business
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  7. 6 Merchandising Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 6.1 Compare and Contrast Merchandising versus Service Activities and Transactions
    3. 6.2 Compare and Contrast Perpetual versus Periodic Inventory Systems
    4. 6.3 Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    5. 6.4 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Sale of Merchandise Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    6. 6.5 Discuss and Record Transactions Applying the Two Commonly Used Freight-In Methods
    7. 6.6 Describe and Prepare Multi-Step and Simple Income Statements for Merchandising Companies
    8. 6.7 Appendix: Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases and Sales Using the Periodic Inventory System
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  8. 7 Accounting Information Systems
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 7.1 Define and Describe the Components of an Accounting Information System
    3. 7.2 Describe and Explain the Purpose of Special Journals and Their Importance to Stakeholders
    4. 7.3 Analyze and Journalize Transactions Using Special Journals
    5. 7.4 Prepare a Subsidiary Ledger
    6. 7.5 Describe Career Paths Open to Individuals with a Joint Education in Accounting and Information Systems
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  9. 8 Fraud, Internal Controls, and Cash
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 8.1 Analyze Fraud in the Accounting Workplace
    3. 8.2 Define and Explain Internal Controls and Their Purpose within an Organization
    4. 8.3 Describe Internal Controls within an Organization
    5. 8.4 Define the Purpose and Use of a Petty Cash Fund, and Prepare Petty Cash Journal Entries
    6. 8.5 Discuss Management Responsibilities for Maintaining Internal Controls within an Organization
    7. 8.6 Define the Purpose of a Bank Reconciliation, and Prepare a Bank Reconciliation and Its Associated Journal Entries
    8. 8.7 Describe Fraud in Financial Statements and Sarbanes-Oxley Act Requirements
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  10. 9 Accounting for Receivables
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 9.1 Explain the Revenue Recognition Principle and How It Relates to Current and Future Sales and Purchase Transactions
    3. 9.2 Account for Uncollectible Accounts Using the Balance Sheet and Income Statement Approaches
    4. 9.3 Determine the Efficiency of Receivables Management Using Financial Ratios
    5. 9.4 Discuss the Role of Accounting for Receivables in Earnings Management
    6. 9.5 Apply Revenue Recognition Principles to Long-Term Projects
    7. 9.6 Explain How Notes Receivable and Accounts Receivable Differ
    8. 9.7 Appendix: Comprehensive Example of Bad Debt Estimation
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  11. 10 Inventory
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 10.1 Describe and Demonstrate the Basic Inventory Valuation Methods and Their Cost Flow Assumptions
    3. 10.2 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Periodic Method
    4. 10.3 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Perpetual Method
    5. 10.4 Explain and Demonstrate the Impact of Inventory Valuation Errors on the Income Statement and Balance Sheet
    6. 10.5 Examine the Efficiency of Inventory Management Using Financial Ratios
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  12. 11 Long-Term Assets
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 11.1 Distinguish between Tangible and Intangible Assets
    3. 11.2 Analyze and Classify Capitalized Costs versus Expenses
    4. 11.3 Explain and Apply Depreciation Methods to Allocate Capitalized Costs
    5. 11.4 Describe Accounting for Intangible Assets and Record Related Transactions
    6. 11.5 Describe Some Special Issues in Accounting for Long-Term Assets
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  13. 12 Current Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 12.1 Identify and Describe Current Liabilities
    3. 12.2 Analyze, Journalize, and Report Current Liabilities
    4. 12.3 Define and Apply Accounting Treatment for Contingent Liabilities
    5. 12.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record Short-Term Notes Payable
    6. 12.5 Record Transactions Incurred in Preparing Payroll
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  14. 13 Long-Term Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 13.1 Explain the Pricing of Long-Term Liabilities
    3. 13.2 Compute Amortization of Long-Term Liabilities Using the Effective-Interest Method
    4. 13.3 Prepare Journal Entries to Reflect the Life Cycle of Bonds
    5. 13.4 Appendix: Special Topics Related to Long-Term Liabilities
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  15. 14 Corporation Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 14.1 Explain the Process of Securing Equity Financing through the Issuance of Stock
    3. 14.2 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Issuance and Repurchase of Stock
    4. 14.3 Record Transactions and the Effects on Financial Statements for Cash Dividends, Property Dividends, Stock Dividends, and Stock Splits
    5. 14.4 Compare and Contrast Owners’ Equity versus Retained Earnings
    6. 14.5 Discuss the Applicability of Earnings per Share as a Method to Measure Performance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  16. 15 Partnership Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 15.1 Describe the Advantages and Disadvantages of Organizing as a Partnership
    3. 15.2 Describe How a Partnership Is Created, Including the Associated Journal Entries
    4. 15.3 Compute and Allocate Partners’ Share of Income and Loss
    5. 15.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record the Admission and Withdrawal of a Partner
    6. 15.5 Discuss and Record Entries for the Dissolution of a Partnership
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  17. 16 Statement of Cash Flows
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 16.1 Explain the Purpose of the Statement of Cash Flows
    3. 16.2 Differentiate between Operating, Investing, and Financing Activities
    4. 16.3 Prepare the Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    5. 16.4 Prepare the Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    6. 16.5 Use Information from the Statement of Cash Flows to Prepare Ratios to Assess Liquidity and Solvency
    7. 16.6 Appendix: Prepare a Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Direct Method
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  18. A | Financial Statement Analysis
  19. B | Time Value of Money
  20. C | Suggested Resources
  21. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
  22. Index
EA 1.

LO 12.1Campus Flights takes out a bank loan in the amount of $200,500 on March 1. The terms of the loan include a repayment of principal in ten equal installments, paid annually from March 1. The annual interest rate on the loan is 8%, recognized on December 31. (Round answers to the nearest whole dollar if needed.)

  1. Compute the interest recognized as of December 31 in year 1 rounded to the whole dollar.
  2. Compute the principal due in year 1.
EA 2.

LO 12.1Consider the following accounts and determine if the account is a current liability, a noncurrent liability, or neither.

  1. cash
  2. federal income tax payable this year
  3. long-term note payable
  4. current portion of a long-term note payable
  5. note payable due in four years
  6. interest expense
  7. state income tax
EA 3.

LO 12.1Lamplight Plus sells lamps to consumers. The company contracts with a supplier who provides them with lamp fixtures. There is an agreement that Lamplight Plus is not required to provide cash payment immediately and instead will provide payment within thirty days of the invoice date.

Additional information:

  • Lamplight purchases thirty light fixtures for $20 each on August 1, invoice date August 1, with no discount terms
  • Lamplight returns ten light fixtures (receiving a credit amount for the total purchase price per fixture of $20 each) on August 3.
  • Lamplight purchases an additional fifteen light fixtures for $15 each on August 19, invoice date August 19, with no discount terms.
  • Lamplight pays $100 toward its account on August 22.

What amount does Lamplight Plus still owe to the supplier on August 30? What account is used to recognize this outstanding amount?

EA 4.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries for Olinda Pet Supplies.

  1. On March 2, Olinda Pet Supplies receives advance cash payment from a customer for forty dog food dishes (from their Dish inventory), costing $25 each. Olinda had yet to supply the dog food bowls as of March 2.
  2. On April 4, Olinda provides all of the dog food bowls to the customer.
EA 5.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries for Tolbert Enterprises.

  1. On April 7, Tolbert Enterprises contracts with a supplier to purchase 300 water bottles for their merchandise inventory, on credit, for $10 each. Credit terms are 2/10, n/60 from the invoice date of April 7.
  2. On April 15, Tolbert pays the amount due in cash to the supplier.
EA 6.

LO 12.2Elegant Electronics sells a cellular phone on September 2 for $450. On September 6, Elegant sells another cellular phone for $500. Sales tax is computed at 3.5% of the total sale. Prepare journal entries for each sale, including sales tax, and the remittance of all sales tax to the tax board on October 23.

EA 7.

LO 12.2Homeland Plus specializes in home goods and accessories. In order for the company to expand its business, the company takes out a long-term loan in the amount of $650,000. Assume that any loans are created on January 1. The terms of the loan include a periodic payment plan, where interest payments are accumulated each year but are only computed against the outstanding principal balance during that current period. The annual interest rate is 8.5%. Each year on December 31, the company pays down the principal balance by $80,000. This payment is considered part of the outstanding principal balance when computing the interest accumulation that also occurs on December 31 of that year.

  1. Determine the outstanding principal balance on December 31 of the first year that is computed for interest.
  2. Compute the interest accrued on December 31 of the first year.
  3. Make a journal entry to record interest accumulated during the first year, but not paid as of December 31 of that first year.
EA 8.

LO 12.2Bhakti Games is a chain of board game stores. Record entries for the following transactions related to Bhakti’s purchase of inventory.

  1. On October 5, Bhakti purchases and receives inventory from XYZ Entertainment for $5,000 with credit terms of 2/10 net 30.
  2. On October 7, Bhakti returns $1,000 worth of the inventory purchased from XYZ.
  3. Bhakti makes payment in full on its purchase from XYZ on October 14.
EA 9.

LO 12.3Following is the unadjusted trial balance for Sun Energy Co. on December 31, 2017.

The image shows the Unadjusted Trial Balance of Sun Energy Co. Year Ended December 31, 2017. Cash has a debit balance of $5,000, Accounts receivable debit balance of $2,000, Merchandise inventory debit balance of $4,500, Buildings debit balance of $2,400, Equipment debit balance of $3,200, Accounts payable credit balance of $5,700, Salaries payable credit balance $2,500, Common stock credit balance of $1,500, Dividends, Sales revenue credit balance of $13,700, Cost of goods sold debit balance of $3,800, Salaries expense debit balance $2,500. The debit column and credit column each add up to $23,400.

You are also given the following supplemental information: A pending lawsuit, claiming $2,700 in damages, is considered likely to favor the plaintiff and can be reasonably estimated. Sun Energy Co. believes a customer may win a lawsuit for $3,500 in damages, but the outcome is only reasonably possible to occur. Sun Energy calculated warranty expense estimates of $210.

  1. Using the unadjusted trial balance and supplemental information for Sun Energy Co., construct an income statement for the year ended December 31, 2017. Pay particular attention to expenses resulting from contingencies.
  2. Construct a balance sheet, for December 31, 2017, from the given unadjusted trial balance, supplemental information, and income statement for Sun Energy Co., paying particular attention to contingent liabilities.
  3. Prepare any necessary contingent liability note disclosures for Sun Energy Co. Only give one to three sentences for each contingency note disclosure.
EA 10.

LO 12.4Barkers Baked Goods purchases dog treats from a supplier on February 2 at a quantity of 6,000 treats at $1 per treat. Terms of the purchase are 2/10, n/30. Barkers pays half the amount due in cash on February 28 but cannot pay the remaining balance due in four days. The supplier renegotiates the terms on March 4 and allows Barkers to convert its purchase payment into a short-term note, with an annual interest rate of 6%, payable in 9 months.

Show the entries for the initial purchase, the partial payment, and the conversion.

EA 11.

LO 12.4Use information from Exercise 12.10. Compute the interest expense due when Barkers honors the note. Show the journal entry to recognize payment of the short-term note on December 4.

EA 12.

LO 12.4Scrimiger Paints wants to upgrade its machinery and on September 20 takes out a loan from the bank in the amount of $500,000. The terms of the loan are 2.9% annual interest rate and payable in 8 months. Interest is due in equal payments each month.

Compute the interest expense due each month. Show the journal entry to recognize the interest payment on October 20, and the entry for payment of the short-term note and final interest payment on May 20. Round to the nearest cent if required.

EA 13.

LO 12.5Following are payroll deductions for Mars Co. Classify each payroll deduction as either a voluntary or involuntary deduction. Record a (V) for voluntary and an (I) for involuntary.

Payroll Deductions
Payroll Deduction Voluntary (V) or Involuntary (I)?
FICA Social Security Tax  
Vacation pay  
401(k) retirement plan contribution  
Charitable contributions  
Federal Unemployment Tax (FUTA)  
Health insurance plan contribution  
FICA Medicare Tax  
State Unemployment Tax (SUTA)  
Table 12.3
EA 14.

LO 12.5Toren Inc. employs one person to run its solar management company. The employee’s gross income for the month of May is $6,000. Payroll for the month of May is as follows: FICA Social Security tax rate at 6.2%, FICA Medicare tax rate at 1.45%, federal income tax of $400, state income tax of $75, health-care insurance premium of $200, and union dues of $50. The employee is responsible for covering 30% of his or her health insurance premium.

  1. Record the journal entry to recognize employee payroll for the month of May, dated May 31, 2017.
  2. Record remittance of the employee’s salary with cash on June 1.
EA 15.

LO 12.5In Exercise 12.14, you prepared the journal entries for the employee of Toren Inc. You have now been given the following additional information:

  • May is the first pay period for this employee. FUTA taxes are 0.6% and SUTA taxes are 5.4% of the first $7,000 paid to the employee. FICA Social Security and FICA Medicare match employee deductions. The employer is responsible for 70% of the health insurance premium.

Using the information from Exercise 12.14 and the additional information provided:

  1. Record the employer payroll for the month of May, dated May 31, 2017.
  2. Record the payment in cash of all employer liabilities only on June 1.
EA 16.

LO 12.5An employee and employer cost-share pension plan contributions and health insurance premium payments. If the employee covers 35% of the pension plan contribution and 25% of the health insurance premium, what would be the employee’s total benefits responsibility if the total pension contribution was $900, and the health insurance premium was $375?

Include the journal entry representing the payroll benefits accumulation for the employer in the month of February.

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