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Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. 1 Role of Accounting in Society
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 1.1 Explain the Importance of Accounting and Distinguish between Financial and Managerial Accounting
    3. 1.2 Identify Users of Accounting Information and How They Apply Information
    4. 1.3 Describe Typical Accounting Activities and the Role Accountants Play in Identifying, Recording, and Reporting Financial Activities
    5. 1.4 Explain Why Accounting Is Important to Business Stakeholders
    6. 1.5 Describe the Varied Career Paths Open to Individuals with an Accounting Education
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
  3. 2 Introduction to Financial Statements
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 2.1 Describe the Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, Balance Sheet, and Statement of Cash Flows, and How They Interrelate
    3. 2.2 Define, Explain, and Provide Examples of Current and Noncurrent Assets, Current and Noncurrent Liabilities, Equity, Revenues, and Expenses
    4. 2.3 Prepare an Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet
    5. Key Terms
    6. Summary
    7. Multiple Choice
    8. Questions
    9. Exercise Set A
    10. Exercise Set B
    11. Problem Set A
    12. Problem Set B
    13. Thought Provokers
  4. 3 Analyzing and Recording Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 3.1 Describe Principles, Assumptions, and Concepts of Accounting and Their Relationship to Financial Statements
    3. 3.2 Define and Describe the Expanded Accounting Equation and Its Relationship to Analyzing Transactions
    4. 3.3 Define and Describe the Initial Steps in the Accounting Cycle
    5. 3.4 Analyze Business Transactions Using the Accounting Equation and Show the Impact of Business Transactions on Financial Statements
    6. 3.5 Use Journal Entries to Record Transactions and Post to T-Accounts
    7. 3.6 Prepare a Trial Balance
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  5. 4 The Adjustment Process
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 4.1 Explain the Concepts and Guidelines Affecting Adjusting Entries
    3. 4.2 Discuss the Adjustment Process and Illustrate Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    4. 4.3 Record and Post the Common Types of Adjusting Entries
    5. 4.4 Use the Ledger Balances to Prepare an Adjusted Trial Balance
    6. 4.5 Prepare Financial Statements Using the Adjusted Trial Balance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  6. 5 Completing the Accounting Cycle
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 5.1 Describe and Prepare Closing Entries for a Business
    3. 5.2 Prepare a Post-Closing Trial Balance
    4. 5.3 Apply the Results from the Adjusted Trial Balance to Compute Current Ratio and Working Capital Balance, and Explain How These Measures Represent Liquidity
    5. 5.4 Appendix: Complete a Comprehensive Accounting Cycle for a Business
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  7. 6 Merchandising Transactions
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 6.1 Compare and Contrast Merchandising versus Service Activities and Transactions
    3. 6.2 Compare and Contrast Perpetual versus Periodic Inventory Systems
    4. 6.3 Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    5. 6.4 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Sale of Merchandise Using the Perpetual Inventory System
    6. 6.5 Discuss and Record Transactions Applying the Two Commonly Used Freight-In Methods
    7. 6.6 Describe and Prepare Multi-Step and Simple Income Statements for Merchandising Companies
    8. 6.7 Appendix: Analyze and Record Transactions for Merchandise Purchases and Sales Using the Periodic Inventory System
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  8. 7 Accounting Information Systems
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 7.1 Define and Describe the Components of an Accounting Information System
    3. 7.2 Describe and Explain the Purpose of Special Journals and Their Importance to Stakeholders
    4. 7.3 Analyze and Journalize Transactions Using Special Journals
    5. 7.4 Prepare a Subsidiary Ledger
    6. 7.5 Describe Career Paths Open to Individuals with a Joint Education in Accounting and Information Systems
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  9. 8 Fraud, Internal Controls, and Cash
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 8.1 Analyze Fraud in the Accounting Workplace
    3. 8.2 Define and Explain Internal Controls and Their Purpose within an Organization
    4. 8.3 Describe Internal Controls within an Organization
    5. 8.4 Define the Purpose and Use of a Petty Cash Fund, and Prepare Petty Cash Journal Entries
    6. 8.5 Discuss Management Responsibilities for Maintaining Internal Controls within an Organization
    7. 8.6 Define the Purpose of a Bank Reconciliation, and Prepare a Bank Reconciliation and Its Associated Journal Entries
    8. 8.7 Describe Fraud in Financial Statements and Sarbanes-Oxley Act Requirements
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  10. 9 Accounting for Receivables
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 9.1 Explain the Revenue Recognition Principle and How It Relates to Current and Future Sales and Purchase Transactions
    3. 9.2 Account for Uncollectible Accounts Using the Balance Sheet and Income Statement Approaches
    4. 9.3 Determine the Efficiency of Receivables Management Using Financial Ratios
    5. 9.4 Discuss the Role of Accounting for Receivables in Earnings Management
    6. 9.5 Apply Revenue Recognition Principles to Long-Term Projects
    7. 9.6 Explain How Notes Receivable and Accounts Receivable Differ
    8. 9.7 Appendix: Comprehensive Example of Bad Debt Estimation
    9. Key Terms
    10. Summary
    11. Multiple Choice
    12. Questions
    13. Exercise Set A
    14. Exercise Set B
    15. Problem Set A
    16. Problem Set B
    17. Thought Provokers
  11. 10 Inventory
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 10.1 Describe and Demonstrate the Basic Inventory Valuation Methods and Their Cost Flow Assumptions
    3. 10.2 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Periodic Method
    4. 10.3 Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold and Ending Inventory Using the Perpetual Method
    5. 10.4 Explain and Demonstrate the Impact of Inventory Valuation Errors on the Income Statement and Balance Sheet
    6. 10.5 Examine the Efficiency of Inventory Management Using Financial Ratios
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  12. 11 Long-Term Assets
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 11.1 Distinguish between Tangible and Intangible Assets
    3. 11.2 Analyze and Classify Capitalized Costs versus Expenses
    4. 11.3 Explain and Apply Depreciation Methods to Allocate Capitalized Costs
    5. 11.4 Describe Accounting for Intangible Assets and Record Related Transactions
    6. 11.5 Describe Some Special Issues in Accounting for Long-Term Assets
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  13. 12 Current Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 12.1 Identify and Describe Current Liabilities
    3. 12.2 Analyze, Journalize, and Report Current Liabilities
    4. 12.3 Define and Apply Accounting Treatment for Contingent Liabilities
    5. 12.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record Short-Term Notes Payable
    6. 12.5 Record Transactions Incurred in Preparing Payroll
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  14. 13 Long-Term Liabilities
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 13.1 Explain the Pricing of Long-Term Liabilities
    3. 13.2 Compute Amortization of Long-Term Liabilities Using the Effective-Interest Method
    4. 13.3 Prepare Journal Entries to Reflect the Life Cycle of Bonds
    5. 13.4 Appendix: Special Topics Related to Long-Term Liabilities
    6. Key Terms
    7. Summary
    8. Multiple Choice
    9. Questions
    10. Exercise Set A
    11. Exercise Set B
    12. Problem Set A
    13. Problem Set B
    14. Thought Provokers
  15. 14 Corporation Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 14.1 Explain the Process of Securing Equity Financing through the Issuance of Stock
    3. 14.2 Analyze and Record Transactions for the Issuance and Repurchase of Stock
    4. 14.3 Record Transactions and the Effects on Financial Statements for Cash Dividends, Property Dividends, Stock Dividends, and Stock Splits
    5. 14.4 Compare and Contrast Owners’ Equity versus Retained Earnings
    6. 14.5 Discuss the Applicability of Earnings per Share as a Method to Measure Performance
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  16. 15 Partnership Accounting
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 15.1 Describe the Advantages and Disadvantages of Organizing as a Partnership
    3. 15.2 Describe How a Partnership Is Created, Including the Associated Journal Entries
    4. 15.3 Compute and Allocate Partners’ Share of Income and Loss
    5. 15.4 Prepare Journal Entries to Record the Admission and Withdrawal of a Partner
    6. 15.5 Discuss and Record Entries for the Dissolution of a Partnership
    7. Key Terms
    8. Summary
    9. Multiple Choice
    10. Questions
    11. Exercise Set A
    12. Exercise Set B
    13. Problem Set A
    14. Problem Set B
    15. Thought Provokers
  17. 16 Statement of Cash Flows
    1. Why It Matters
    2. 16.1 Explain the Purpose of the Statement of Cash Flows
    3. 16.2 Differentiate between Operating, Investing, and Financing Activities
    4. 16.3 Prepare the Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    5. 16.4 Prepare the Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Indirect Method
    6. 16.5 Use Information from the Statement of Cash Flows to Prepare Ratios to Assess Liquidity and Solvency
    7. 16.6 Appendix: Prepare a Completed Statement of Cash Flows Using the Direct Method
    8. Key Terms
    9. Summary
    10. Multiple Choice
    11. Questions
    12. Exercise Set A
    13. Exercise Set B
    14. Problem Set A
    15. Problem Set B
    16. Thought Provokers
  18. A | Financial Statement Analysis
  19. B | Time Value of Money
  20. C | Suggested Resources
  21. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
  22. Index
PB 1.

LO 12.1Consider the following situations and determine (1) which type of liability should be recognized (specific account), and (2) how much should be recognized in the current period (year).

  1. A business depreciates a building with a book value of $12,000, using straight-line depreciation, no salvage value, and a remaining useful life of six years.
  2. An organization has a line of credit with a supplier. The company purchases $35,500 worth of inventory on credit. Terms of purchase are 3/20, n/60.
  3. An employee earns $1,000 in pay and the employer withholds $46 for federal income tax.
  4. A customer pays $4,000 in advance for legal services. The lawyer has previously recognized 30% of the services as revenue. The remainder is outstanding.
PB 2.

LO 12.1Perfume Depot sells two different tiers of perfume products to customers. They charge $30 for tier 1 perfume and $100 for tier 2 perfume. The sales tax rate is 4.5%. During the month of October, Perfume Depot sells 75 tier 1 perfumes, and 60 tier 2 perfumes.

  1. What is the total tax charged to the customer per tier 1 perfume? What is the overall charge per tier 1 category perfume?
  2. What is the total tax charged to the customer per tier 2 perfume? What is the overall charge per tier 2 category perfume?
  3. How much sales tax liability does Perfume Depot have for the month of October?
  4. What account is used to recognize this tax situation for the month of October?
  5. When Perfume Depot remits payment to the sales tax governing body, what happens to the sales tax liability?
PB 3.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions, and prepare any necessary journal entries for Sewing Masters Inc.

  1. On October 3, Sewing Masters Inc. purchases 800 yards of fabric (Fabric Inventory) at $9.00 per yard from a supplier, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 1/5, n/40 from the invoice date of October 3.
  2. On October 8, Sewing Masters Inc. purchases 300 more yards of fabric from the same supplier at an increased price of $9.25 per yard, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 5/10, n/20 from the invoice date of October 8.
  3. On October 18, Sewing Masters pays cash for the amount due to the fabric supplier from the October 8 transaction.
  4. On October 23, Sewing Masters pays cash for the amount due to the fabric supplier from the October 3 transaction.
PB 4.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries for Woodworking Magazine. Woodworking Magazine provides one issue per month to subscribers for a service fee of $240 per year. Assume January 1 is the first day of operations for this company, and no new customers join during the year.

  1. On January 1, Woodworking Magazine receives advance cash payment from forty customers for magazine subscription services. Handyman had yet to provide subscription services as of January 1.
  2. On April 30, Woodworking recognizes subscription revenues earned.
  3. On October 31, Woodworking recognizes subscription revenues earned.
  4. On December 31, Woodworking recognizes subscription revenues earned.
PB 5.

LO 12.2Review the following transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries.

  1. On January 5, Bunnet Co. purchases 350 aprons (Supplies) at $25 per apron from a supplier, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 3/10, n/30 from the invoice date of January 5.
  2. On February 18, Melon Construction receives advance cash payment from a client for construction services in the amount of $20,000. Melon had yet to provide construction services as of February 18.
  3. On March 21, Noonan Smoothies sells 875 smoothies for $4 cash per smoothie. The sales tax rate is 6.5%.
  4. On June 7, Organic Methods paid a portion of their noncurrent note in the amount of $9,340 cash.
PB 6.

LO 12.3Roundhouse Tools has several potential warranty claims as a result of damaged tool kits. Review each situation and (1) determine the treatment for each situation as probable and estimable, probable and inestimable, reasonably possible, or remote; (2) determine what, if any, recognition or note disclosure is required; and (3) prepare any journal entries required to recognize a contingent liability.

  1. Roundhouse Tools has several claims for replacement of another tool kit not listed as one of their damaged tool kits. The honored warranty for these tool kits is not likely but is not remote. It is possible.
  2. A pending warranty claim has been received with the projected cost to be $450. Roundhouse Tools believes honoring that warranty claim is likely to occur and that figure is reasonably estimated.
  3. Roundhouse Tools believes other potential warranties may have to be honored outside of the warranty period, but this is unlikely to occur.
  4. Warranty replacements will cost the company a percentage of sales for the period. This amount allotted for warranty replacements cannot be reasonably estimated but is likely to occur.
PB 7.

LO 12.3Shoe Hut sells custom, handmade shoes. It offers a one-year warranty on all shoes for repair or replacement. Review each of the transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries for each situation.

  1. May 31: Shoe Hut sells 100 pairs of shoes during the month of May at a sales price per pair of shoes of $240 cash. Shoe Hut records warranty estimates when sales are recognized and bases warranty estimates on 4% of sales.
  2. June 2: A customer files a warranty claim that Shoe Hut honors in the amount of $30 for repair to laces. Laces Inventory corresponds to shoelace inventory used for repairs.
  3. June 4: Another customer files a warranty claim that Shoe Hut honors. Shoe Hut replaces the damaged shoes at a cost of $200, affecting their Shoe Replacement Inventory account.
  4. August 10: Shoe Hut explores the possibility of bankruptcy, given the current economic conditions (recession). It determines the bankruptcy is unlikely to occur (remote).
PB 8.

LO 12.4Air Compressors Inc. purchases compressor parts for its inventory from a supplier. The following transactions take place during the current year:

  1. On April 5, the company purchases 400 parts for $8.30 per part, on credit. Terms of the purchase are 4/10, n/30, invoice dated April 5.
  2. On May 5, Air Compressors does not pay the amount due and renegotiates with the supplier. The supplier agrees to $400 cash immediately as partial payment on note payable due, converting the debt owed into a short-term note, with a 7% annual interest rate, payable in three months from May 5.
  3. On August 5, Air Compressors pays its account in full.

Record the journal entries to recognize the initial purchase, the conversion plus cash, and the payment.

PB 9.

LO 12.4Pickles R Us is a pickle farm located in the Northeast. The following transactions take place:

  1. On November 6, Pickles borrows $820,000 from a bank to cover the initial cost of expansion. Terms of the loan are payment due in six months from November 6, and annual interest rate of 3%.
  2. On December 12, Pickles borrows an additional $200,000 with payment due in three months from December 12, and an annual interest rate of 10%.
  3. Pickles pays its accounts in full on March 12, for the December 12 loan, and on May 6 for the November 6 loan.

Record the journal entries to recognize the initial borrowings, and the two payments for Pickles.

PB 10.

LO 12.5Use Figure 12.15 to complete the following problem. Roland Inc. employees’ monthly gross pay information and their W-4 Form withholding allowances follow.

Figure shows employee Jim with $1,000 monthly gross income and 1 withholding allowance. Employee Amy has $1,200 monthly gross income and 2 withholding allowances. Employee Stephanie has $2,300 monthly gross income and 3 withholding allowances.

Roland’s payroll deductions include FICA Social Security at 6.2%, FICA Medicare at 1.45%, FUTA at 0.6%, SUTA at 5.4%, federal income tax (based on withholdings table) of gross pay, state income tax at 3% of gross pay, and health insurance coverage premiums of $1,000 split 50% employees and 50% employer. Assume each employee files as single, gross income is the same amount each month, October is the first month of business operation for the company, and salaries have yet to be paid.

Record the entry or entries for accumulated employee and employer payroll for the month of October; dated October 31.

PB 11.

LO 12.5Use the information from Exercise 12.10 to complete this problem. Record entries for each transaction listed.

Nov. 1 Paid cash to a federal depository for FICA Social Security and FICA Medicare; paid accumulated salaries
Nov. 3 Remitted cash payment for FUTA and SUTA to federal and state unemployment agencies
Nov. 10 Issued a check to an IRS-approved bank for federal and state income taxes
Nov. 12 Paid cash to health insurance carrier for total outstanding health insurance liability
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