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Introduction to Philosophy

Review Questions

Introduction to PhilosophyReview Questions

12.1 Enlightenment Social Theory

1 .
How did Enlightenment thinkers propose that societies would accumulate knowledge?
2 .
What role did reason play in Kant’s belief in ethical progress?

12.2 The Marxist Solution

3 .
How did Marx feel that the social problems of industrialization and urbanization should be addressed?

12.3 Continental Philosophy’s Challenge to Enlightenment Theories

4 .
What is hermeneutics?
5 .
What is meant by historicity?
6 .
What did philosopher Paul Ricoeur mean by “discourse?”?

12.4 The Frankfurt School

7 .
According to Max Horkheimer, what are the three distinguishing marks of a plausible critical theory?
8 .
In what way did critical theory reject Kant?
9 .
How did Habermas define communicative action?

12.5 Postmodernism

10 .
How does postmodernity differ from modernity?
11 .
Was Ferdinand de Saussure a structuralist or a post-structuralist? Why did you answer as you did?
12 .
What did Jacques Derrida mean by “deconstruction”?
13 .
On what grounds has psychoanalysis been criticized?
14 .
What is meant by the term genealogy as used by Foucault?
15 .
What was the importance of genealogy for Foucault?
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