Skip to ContentGo to accessibility pageKeyboard shortcuts menu
OpenStax Logo
Introduction to Philosophy

References

Introduction to PhilosophyReferences
Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. 1 Introduction to Philosophy
    1. Introduction
    2. 1.1 What Is Philosophy?
    3. 1.2 How Do Philosophers Arrive at Truth?
    4. 1.3 Socrates as a Paradigmatic Historical Philosopher
    5. 1.4 An Overview of Contemporary Philosophy
    6. Summary
    7. Key Terms
    8. References
    9. Review Questions
    10. Further Reading
  3. 2 Critical Thinking, Research, Reading, and Writing
    1. Introduction
    2. 2.1 The Brain Is an Inference Machine
    3. 2.2 Overcoming Cognitive Biases and Engaging in Critical Reflection
    4. 2.3 Developing Good Habits of Mind
    5. 2.4 Gathering Information, Evaluating Sources, and Understanding Evidence
    6. 2.5 Reading Philosophy
    7. 2.6 Writing Philosophy Papers
    8. Summary
    9. Key Terms
    10. References
    11. Review Questions
    12. Further Reading
  4. 3 The Early History of Philosophy around the World
    1. Introduction
    2. 3.1 Indigenous Philosophy
    3. 3.2 Classical Indian Philosophy
    4. 3.3 Classical Chinese Philosophy
    5. Summary
    6. Key Terms
    7. References
    8. Review Questions
    9. Further Reading
  5. 4 The Emergence of Classical Philosophy
    1. Introduction
    2. 4.1 Historiography and the History of Philosophy
    3. 4.2 Classical Philosophy
    4. 4.3 Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Philosophy
    5. Summary
    6. Key Terms
    7. References
    8. Review Questions
    9. Further Reading
  6. 5 Logic and Reasoning
    1. Introduction
    2. 5.1 Philosophical Methods for Discovering Truth
    3. 5.2 Logical Statements
    4. 5.3 Arguments
    5. 5.4 Types of Inferences
    6. 5.5 Informal Fallacies
    7. Summary
    8. Key Terms
    9. References
    10. Review Questions
    11. Further Reading
  7. 6 Metaphysics
    1. Introduction
    2. 6.1 Substance
    3. 6.2 Self and Identity
    4. 6.3 Cosmology and the Existence of God
    5. 6.4 Free Will
    6. Summary
    7. Key Terms
    8. References
    9. Review Questions
    10. Further Reading
  8. 7 Epistemology
    1. Introduction
    2. 7.1 What Epistemology Studies
    3. 7.2 Knowledge
    4. 7.3 Justification
    5. 7.4 Skepticism
    6. 7.5 Applied Epistemology
    7. Summary
    8. Key Terms
    9. References
    10. Review Questions
    11. Further Reading
  9. 8 Value Theory
    1. Introduction
    2. 8.1 The Fact-Value Distinction
    3. 8.2 Basic Questions about Values
    4. 8.3 Metaethics
    5. 8.4 Well-Being
    6. 8.5 Aesthetics
    7. Summary
    8. Key Terms
    9. References
    10. Review Questions
    11. Further Reading
  10. 9 Normative Moral Theory
    1. Introduction
    2. 9.1 Requirements of a Normative Moral Theory
    3. 9.2 Consequentialism
    4. 9.3 Deontology
    5. 9.4 Virtue Ethics
    6. 9.5 Daoism
    7. 9.6 Feminist Theories of Ethics
    8. Summary
    9. Key Terms
    10. References
    11. Review Questions
    12. Further Reading
  11. 10 Applied Ethics
    1. Introduction
    2. 10.1 The Challenge of Bioethics
    3. 10.2 Environmental Ethics
    4. 10.3 Business Ethics and Emerging Technology
    5. Summary
    6. Key Terms
    7. References
    8. Review Questions
    9. Further Reading
  12. 11 Political Philosophy
    1. Introduction
    2. 11.1 Historical Perspectives on Government
    3. 11.2 Forms of Government
    4. 11.3 Political Legitimacy and Duty
    5. 11.4 Political Ideologies
    6. Summary
    7. Key Terms
    8. References
    9. Review Questions
    10. Further Reading
  13. 12 Contemporary Philosophies and Social Theories
    1. Introduction
    2. 12.1 Enlightenment Social Theory
    3. 12.2 The Marxist Solution
    4. 12.3 Continental Philosophy’s Challenge to Enlightenment Theories
    5. 12.4 The Frankfurt School
    6. 12.5 Postmodernism
    7. Summary
    8. Key Terms
    9. References
    10. Review Questions
  14. Index

Asen, Robert. 1999. “Toward a Normative Conception of Difference in Public Deliberation.” Argumentation and Advocacy 35 (3): 115–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/00028533.1999.11951626.

Barry, Peter. 2002. Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. 2nd ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Benhabib, Seyla. 1992. “Models of Public Space: Hannah Arendt, the Liberal Tradition, and Jürgen Habermas.” In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, 73–98. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Bourdeau, Michel, Mary Pickering, and Warren Schmaus, eds. 2018. Love, Order, and Progress: The Science, Philosophy, and Politics of Auguste Comte. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv11wk0b.

Bronner, Stephen Eric. 2011. Critical Theory: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Carlson, Neil R., William Buskist, C. Donald Heth, and Rod Schmaltz. 2010. Psychology: The Science of Behavior. 4th Canadian ed. Toronto: Pearson.

Corradetti, Claudio. 2021. “The Frankfurt School and Critical Theory.” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Accessed April 18, 2021. https://iep.utm.edu/critical-theory-frankfurt-school/.

Crowell, Steven. 2003. Review of Nietzsche: Naturalism and Interpretation, by Christoph Cox. International Studies in Philosophy 35 (2): 135–136.

Dale, Eric Michael. 2006. “Hegel, Jesus, and Judaism.” Animus: The Canadian Journal of Philosophy and Humanities 11. https://www2.grenfell.mun.ca/animus/Articles/Supplementa/Dale.pdf.

Derrida, Jacques. 1997. “Signature, Event, Context.” In Twentieth-Century Philosophy, edited by Forrest E. Baird and Walter Kaufmann, 360–379. Vol. 5 of Philosophic Classics, 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Dirlik, Arif. 2005. Marxism in the Chinese Revolution. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Du Bois, W. E. B. 1899. The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study. Philadelphia. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Philadelphia_Negro/qqkJAAAAIAAJ.

Dupré, Louis. 1998. “Kant’s Theory of History and Progress.” The Review of Metaphysics 51 (4): 813–828. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20130297.

Fendler, Lynn. 2010. Michel Foucault. London: Bloomsbury.

Freire, Paulo. (2000) 2012. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Translated by Myra Bergman Ramos. 30th anniv. ed. New York: Bloomsbury Academic.

Gill, Jon Ivan. 2019. Underground Rap as Religion: A Theopoetic Examination of a Process Aesthetic Religion. New York: Routledge.

Habermas, Jürgen. 1989. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Translated by Thomas Burger and Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Held, David. 1980. Introduction to Critical Theory: Horkheimer to Habermas. Oakland: University of California Press.

Horkheimer, Max. (1972) 1992. Critical Theory: Selected Essays. Translated by Matthew J. O’Connell et al. New York: Continuum.

Kahn, Richard, and Douglas Kellner. 2007. “Globalization, Technopolitics, and Radical Democracy.” In Radical Democracy and the Internet: Interrogating Theory and Practice, edited by Lincoln Dahlberg and Eugenia Siapera, 17–36. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Khatib, Sami. 2013. “The Messianic without Messianism: Walter Benjamin’s Materialist Theology.” Anthropology & Materialism 1. https://doi.org/10.4000/am.159.

Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich. (1963) 2005. Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism: A Popular Outline. In Selected Works, vol. 1, 667–766. Moscow: Progress Publishers; Marxists Internet Archive. https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/index.htm.

Löwenthal, Leo. 1981. “The Origins of Critical Theory: An Interview with Leo Lowenthal.” By Helmut Dubiel. Telos 1981 (49): 141–154.

Lynch, Richard A. 2011. “Foucault’s Theory of Power.” In Michel Foucault: Key Concepts, edited by Dianna Taylor, 13–26. Stocksfield: Acumen.

Mao Zedong. (1966) 2000. Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung. Peking: Foreign Languages Press; Marxists Internet Archive.

Mao Zedong. (1966) 2004. On New Democracy. In Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, vol. 2. Peking: Foreign Languages Press; Marxists Internet Archive. https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-2/mswv2_26.htm.

Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. (1969) 2000. Manifesto of the Communist Party. Translated by Samuel Moore. In Marx/Engels Selected Works, vol. 1, 98–137. Moscow: Progress Publishers; Marxists Internet Archive. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/.

Marx, Karl. (1954) 1999. “1867 Preface to the First German Edition.” In Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, translated by Samuel Moore and Edward Aveling, vol. 1. Moscow: Progress Publishers; Marxists Internet Archive. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/p1.htm.

McLaren, Peter. 2002. Critical Pedagogy: A Look at the Major Concepts. New York: Routledge.

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 2012. Phenomenology of Perception. Translated by Donald A. Landes. New York: Routledge.

Meyer, Susan. 2005. “Antisemitism and Social Critique in Dickens’s “Oliver Twist.” Victorian Literature and Culture 33 (1): 239-252. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25058705.

Nietzsche, Friedrich. 2007. Nietzsche and the Death of God: Selected Writings. Edited and translated by Peter Fritzsche. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s.

Nöth, Winfried. 1990. Handbook of Semiotics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Olson, Kevin. (2011) 2014. “Deliberative Democracy.” In Jürgen Habermas: Key Concepts, edited by Barbara Fultner, 140–155. Abingdon: Routledge.

Ricoeur, Paul. 1991. “On Interpretation.” In From Text to Action: Essays in Hermeneutics II, translated by Kathleen Blamey and John B. Thompson, 1–20. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.

Rorty, Richard. 1991. “Wittgenstein, Heidegger, and the Reification of Language.” In Essays on Heidegger and Others, 50–65. Vol. 2 of Philosophical Papers. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Schacter, Daniel L., Daniel T. Gilbert, and Daniel M. Wegner. 2011. Psychology. 2nd ed. New York: Worth.

Smith, David Woodruff. 2013. “Phenomenology.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta. Summer 2018 ed. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2018/entries/phenomenology/.

Thiselton, Anthony C. 2009. Hermeneutics: An Introduction. Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans.

Torrey, E. Fuller. 1986. Witchdoctors and Psychiatrists: The Common Roots of Psychotherapy and Its Future. New York: Harper & Row.

Warnock, Mary. 1978. “Nietzsche’s Conception of Truth.” In Nietzsche’s Imagery and Thought: A Collection of Essays, edited by Malcolm Pasley. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Westbrook, Randall O. 2018. “Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois and the Enduring Significance of ‘The Philadelphia Negro.’” The Journal of Negro Education 87 (3): 200–201. https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.87.3.0200.

Westen, Drew. 1999. “The Scientific Status of Unconscious Processes: Is Freud Really Dead?” Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 47 (4): 1061–1106.

Zakin, Emily. 2011. “Psychoanalytic Feminism.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta. Summer 2011 ed. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2011/entries/feminism-psychoanalysis/.

PreviousNext
Order a print copy

As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.

Citation/Attribution

Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Creative Commons Attribution License and you must attribute OpenStax.

Attribution information
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, then you must include on every physical page the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-philosophy/pages/1-introduction
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-philosophy/pages/1-introduction
Citation information

© May 19, 2023 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written consent of Rice University.