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Fundamentals of Nursing

Review Questions

Fundamentals of NursingReview Questions

Review Questions

1 .
What part of the skeletal system allows a finger to bend when moved?
  1. bone
  2. cartilage
  3. ligament
  4. joint
2 .
What unconscious, involuntary corrections do the nervous and musculoskeletal systems make together to maintain alignment?
  1. postural reflexes
  2. body mechanics
  3. antagonists
  4. synergists
3 .
The collection of techniques and strategies used to prevent patients or staff from being injured are known collectively as what?
  1. assistive devices
  2. ergonomic body positioning
  3. proper body mechanics
  4. safe patient handling and mobility
4 .
An older patient has come to the office complaining of falls. In addition to a medical workup, what type of exercise is the provider most likely to suggest?
  1. stretching
  2. strength
  3. aerobics
  4. balance
5 .
Sampson’s nurse is discussing physical activity with him, but he is quick to shake his head and say, “I’ve tried exercising, but I travel too much, hurt when I exercise for longer than fifteen minutes, worry that I’ll fall and break another bone, and frankly, I’m just too tired.” What barrier that Sampson expressed is a psychological barrier?
  1. traveling too much
  2. pain when exercising longer than fifteen minutes
  3. fear and concern about injury
  4. feeling tired
6 .
A patient who has been experiencing pain and postural abnormalities has asked for a recommendation for ways to increase their physical activity. What type of exercise would be the most appropriate for this patient?
  1. tai chi
  2. running
  3. strength training
  4. dancing
7 .
A nurse is working with a patient who has questions about physical activity but also several barriers to overcome. The patient reports they do not have enough money for a gym membership, feel unsafe in their neighborhood, experience pain when exercising for too long, and do not know where to start. What should the nurse suggest that would best address the barriers listed by the patient?
  1. enroll in the Silver Sneakers Senior class for 50 percent off
  2. join a gym in another neighborhood
  3. stretch until the pain goes away
  4. participate in a short beginners’ exercise class on YouTube
8 .
A nurse is assisting a patient with mild dementia to get dressed and groomed for the day. The nurse offers the patient three options for the day’s clothing and reminds the patient to brush their teeth, comb their hair, and put on their shoes. What level of care does this patient need with their ADLs?
  1. They are independent.
  2. They require supervision.
  3. They require assistance.
  4. They are dependent.
9 .
An independent patient’s family member has come with the patient to their primary care provider and notes concern that the patient is struggling to care for themselves but is otherwise healthy. When the nurse asks the family member why they are concerned, what ADL is the family member most likely to mention?
  1. The patient smells because they are not bathing.
  2. They found the patient wearing shorts outside when walking the dog in January.
  3. They found several late notices for bills on the entrance table.
  4. The patient can no longer get out of bed.
10 .
A nurse in the emergency department is triaging a 75-year-old Black patient who was brought in by her daughter due to acute confusion, inability to recognize family members, and inability to transfer, eat, or toilet herself independently since she woke up this morning. The family is worried that the patient has developed Alzheimer disease. What is the most appropriate response by the triage nurse?
  1. “I am sure the provider will run several tests. However, Alzheimer disease is normally something that progresses over time, and all of this is new as of this morning. It may be related to an illness of some kind. We will know more after the provider sees her and gets some tests run.”
  2. “Maybe, does Alzheimer disease run in your family?”
  3. “It certainly looks like Alzheimer disease or one of the dementias, but I am surprised it happened so quickly.”
  4. “This looks like a classic case of delirium. Your mother must have some kind of underlying illness. Once we figure out what that illness is and treat it, the symptoms will probably go away.”
11 .
Aging in place is important for many older adults to retain their quality of life (QoL) and independence. However, as patients become older, aging in place is often difficult to manage. What is the best way for the nurse to help initially?
  1. Provide counseling to let the patient and family down easily because there comes a time when older family members need more care than families can provide in their homes.
  2. Encourage older adults and family members to plan for ways to pay for twenty-four-hour care.
  3. Suggest that a family member move in with the older adult to care for them twenty-four hours a day.
  4. Provide resources for local agencies skilled in modifying homes and providing services that assist older adults to age in place.
12 .
Pedro is a 75-year-old Hispanic male with dementia who lives at home with his adult daughter and her children. He feeds himself without coaching or help, bathes himself when reminded, wears adult briefs for incontinence issues, and either his daughter or her children pick out his clothes and help him put on his socks and shoes. What level of ADL care does Pedro need?
  1. He is independent for eating, needs supervision for bathing and grooming, and requires assistance for dressing.
  2. He requires supervision for eating and bathing and is dependent for dressing.
  3. He needs help with eating and dressing and is independent for continence and transferring.
  4. He is independent for eating and needs supervision for bathing, grooming, toileting, and dressing.
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