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Fundamentals of Nursing

Review Questions

Fundamentals of NursingReview Questions

Review Questions

1 .
A nurse is teaching a patient with a nutritional deficit about nutrient-dense foods. What nutrient provides the most energy per gram of nutrient?
  1. carbohydrates
  2. fats
  3. protein
  4. fiber
2 .
A nurse is caring for an older adult patient who is dehydrated. The nurse understands that the majority of water in the human body is found where?
  1. inside the body cells
  2. in the vascular system
  3. in interstitial fluids
  4. in the urinary tract
3 .
A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medication list and notes the patient takes vitamin D tablets once a day. What does the nurse know is true about vitamin D?
  1. found naturally in many foods
  2. found only in animal products
  3. absorbed through direct sunlight
  4. a trace mineral
4 .

A nurse in long-term care is reviewing charts for weight loss trends. Which patient is most at risk for developing malnutrition?

Patient BMI Weight Change
Patient A 25 Gained 5 pounds in twelve months
Patient B 20 Lost 6 pounds in twelve months
Patient C 18.5 Lost 10 pounds in six months
Patient D 16 Gained 2 pounds in six months
  1. Patient A
  2. Patient B
  3. Patient C
  4. Patient D
5 .
A nurse is working with patients in a public health clinic and is assessing for food insecurity in a local immigrant population. What observation would be most concerning for food insecurity?
  1. an immigrant woman applying for SNAP and WIC benefits
  2. an immigrant man who is unable to find foods specific to the culture
  3. an immigrant couple without personal transportation
  4. an immigrant child who does not live near a grocery store
6 .
A nurse is working with a patient on implementing healthy dietary patterns. The patient decides to develop a healthy weekly menu. What response by the patient indicates understanding of the nutrition guidelines?
  1. “RDA values tell me the daily intake for nutrients to guide meal planning.”
  2. “Proteins are the most important nutrient group.”
  3. “I should eat the same number of calories at every meal.”
  4. “I should avoid all simple carbohydrates.”
7 .
A nurse is teaching about nutrition during pregnancy and lactation. What foods would be the healthiest option to meet nutritional goals during this time?
  1. whole milk and red meat
  2. rice and beans
  3. eggs and low-fat dairy
  4. fresh fruits and fruit juices
8 .
A home health nurse is visiting a patient with multiple chronic diseases. The patient is experiencing unintentional weight loss. The nurse considers the role of nutrition in chronic illness. What conditions will not lead to unintentional weight loss in patients with chronic illness?
  1. conditions that interfere with nutrient absorption
  2. conditions that interfere with ingestion of nutrients
  3. conditions that alter the daily allowance of nutrients needed
  4. conditions that decrease metabolic rate
9 .
A nurse is developing a program to promote healthy eating for a local community center. What nutrient should make up the largest daily percentage of intake in a healthy diet?
  1. carbohydrates
  2. proteins
  3. fats
  4. simple sugars
10 .
A patient is learning to read food labels to help with healthy meal planning. How can the patient identify high nutrient values?
  1. These nutrients will be listed first.
  2. The percent daily value per serving will be at least 20 percent.
  3. The per serving percentage will be at least 50 percent.
  4. These nutrients will be identified as “added.”
11 .
A patient with a history of chronic constipation is placed on a high-fiber diet. What food or drink should the nurse recommend?
  1. vegetable juice
  2. eggs
  3. peanut butter
  4. black beans
12 .
Why does PN require administration through a central venous catheter?
  1. All liquid nutrients are delivered via central line.
  2. PN must be delivered quickly.
  3. PN has a high osmolality and causes vein irritation.
  4. A central line provides direct access to the gastrointestinal tract.
13 .
A patient has been newly diagnosed with anemia. The goal of treatment is to maintain stable hemoglobin levels. What supplement can help increase hemoglobin levels?
  1. vitamin C
  2. folate
  3. magnesium
  4. calcium
14 .
A nurse is taking a health history. The patient reports that they have a chronic cough, smoke one pack per week, have food allergies, and have a history of dieting. Which has the most impact on nutritional status?
  1. has a chronic cough
  2. smokes one pack per week
  3. has food allergies
  4. has a history of dieting
15 .
A nurse is discussing the relationship between metabolic syndrome and chronic disease. What activity would help reverse metabolic syndrome?
  1. increase physical activity
  2. increase lipid levels
  3. maintain a high-protein diet
  4. drink 2 L of water daily
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