Check Your Understanding Questions
1.
How did Martin Luther’s teachings regarding salvation differ from those of the Roman Catholic Church?
2.
What did Anabaptists believe?
3.
Which Roman Catholic teachings that Martin Luther challenged were later affirmed at the Council of Trent?
4.
How did Muslim and Chinese inventions help Europeans explore the Atlantic Ocean in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?
5.
What motivated ordinary Spanish people to embark on voyages of exploration?
6.
What role did the popes play in the early years of Spanish and Portuguese exploration and conquest?
7.
How effective were the Treaty of Tordesillas and the Treaty of Zaragoza in establishing which nations could control which territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia? Why?
8.
What was the Columbian Exchange?
9.
How did the introduction of European livestock affect the Indigenous people of the Americas?
10.
According to mercantilist theory, what is the value of colonies?
11.
What made the French colonies in Canada and the Caribbean valuable?
12.
How were people sometimes hurt by their own country’s mercantilist policies?
13.
Briefly describe the three legs of the triangular trade.
14.
What were some differences between African slavery and slavery in the Americas?
15.
How did mercantilism contribute to the rise in slavery in the Americas?