Review Questions
1
.
What was the relationship between the Germanic kings and the non-German aristocracy they ruled?
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They could not find common ground and were often at war.
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They could work together when religious differences were not a point of contention.
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They viewed each other as so similar that there were no differences between them.
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They were able to preserve the Roman Empire until the end of the Middle Ages.
2
.
How did the Visigoths’ conversion to Christianity change their relationship with the Jewish people?
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The Visigoths became more tolerant of Jewish people.
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The Visigoths did not change their policies toward Jewish people.
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Jewish people joined the Visigoths in converting to Christianity.
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The Visigoths began to insist that Jewish people convert or suffer consequences.
3
.
Which is not a key feature of feudalism?
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the wergild
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serfs
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fiefs
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manorialism
4
.
Feudalism developed after the collapse of what empire?
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the Byzantine Empire
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the Roman Empire
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the Carolingian Empire
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the Caliphate of Cordoba
5
.
What state was founded in North Africa and was eventually centered in Egypt?
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the Abbasid Caliphate
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the Byzantine Empire
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the Caliphate of Cordoba
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the Fatimid Caliphate
6
.
What religious movement rejected the worldliness of the Abbasid Caliphate and instead pursued spiritual union with God?
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Sufism
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Shi‘ite Islam
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Mamluk
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Shaman
7
.
Legitimate caliphs in Shia Islam had to be descended from what early figure in Islamic history?
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Abu Bakr
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Ali
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Moses
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Constantine
8
.
What dynasty established the only Shia caliphate?
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Fatimids
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Buyids
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Seljuks
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Macedonians
9
.
What challenge did both the Abbasid Caliphate and the Byzantine Empire face?
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They both had to find military alternatives to their own elite.
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They both had to prove they were descended from a religious authority.
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They both had to take control of Italy to ensure their wealth.
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They both had to develop systems of writing to record their scriptures.
10
.
What event marked the separation of the eastern and western churches?
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the First Crusade
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the Great Schism
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the fall of Rome
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the Islamic conquest of Spain
11
.
Why did Pope Urban call for the First Crusade while in France and not in Rome?
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France had more Christians than Italy.
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Rome was occupied by a rival pope supported by the German emperor.
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France had better systems of communication than Rome.
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Rome had a significant Muslim population, and the pope did not want them harmed.
12
.
What does the term jihad mean?
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just war
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conversion
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struggle
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pilgrimage
13
.
What religious communities did the crusaders attack before they had even left Europe?
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Christian communities
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Monasteries
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Islamic communities
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Jewish communities
14
.
What site in Jerusalem is considered of particular importance to Christians?
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the Holy Sepulchre
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the Al-Aqsa Mosque
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the Temple Mount
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the Pope’s Palace
15
.
Why was the Byzantine emperor unhappy with the development of Outremer?
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The emperor had controlled Jerusalem, and the crusaders took it from him.
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The emperor was Muslim and believed Jerusalem should stay under Muslim control.
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The emperor expected the crusaders to return to him the territory they conquered.
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The emperor did not approve of mixing religion and warfare.
16
.
What two groups were targets of massacres and expulsions after the establishment of Outremer?
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Jewish people and Christians who were not Catholic
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Jewish people and Muslims
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Muslims and the Greek Orthodox
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Catholics and Muslims
17
.
What was a reason for the decline in crusading in the later Middle Ages?
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the decline of the power and influence of the popes
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the control of Jerusalem by a Christian state
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the disinterest in religion felt by many Europeans
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the good relationship between Muslims and Christians