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University Physics Volume 2

Additional Problems

University Physics Volume 2Additional Problems

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Table of contents
  1. Preface
  2. Thermodynamics
    1. 1 Temperature and Heat
      1. Introduction
      2. 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
      3. 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
      4. 1.3 Thermal Expansion
      5. 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
      6. 1.5 Phase Changes
      7. 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    2. 2 The Kinetic Theory of Gases
      1. Introduction
      2. 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
      3. 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
      4. 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
      5. 2.4 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
      6. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    3. 3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
      1. Introduction
      2. 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
      3. 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
      4. 3.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
      5. 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
      6. 3.5 Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas
      7. 3.6 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    4. 4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
      1. Introduction
      2. 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
      3. 4.2 Heat Engines
      4. 4.3 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps
      5. 4.4 Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
      6. 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
      7. 4.6 Entropy
      8. 4.7 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
  3. Electricity and Magnetism
    1. 5 Electric Charges and Fields
      1. Introduction
      2. 5.1 Electric Charge
      3. 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
      4. 5.3 Coulomb's Law
      5. 5.4 Electric Field
      6. 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
      7. 5.6 Electric Field Lines
      8. 5.7 Electric Dipoles
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
    2. 6 Gauss's Law
      1. Introduction
      2. 6.1 Electric Flux
      3. 6.2 Explaining Gauss’s Law
      4. 6.3 Applying Gauss’s Law
      5. 6.4 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
      6. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    3. 7 Electric Potential
      1. Introduction
      2. 7.1 Electric Potential Energy
      3. 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
      4. 7.3 Calculations of Electric Potential
      5. 7.4 Determining Field from Potential
      6. 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
      7. 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    4. 8 Capacitance
      1. Introduction
      2. 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
      3. 8.2 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
      4. 8.3 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
      5. 8.4 Capacitor with a Dielectric
      6. 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
      7. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    5. 9 Current and Resistance
      1. Introduction
      2. 9.1 Electrical Current
      3. 9.2 Model of Conduction in Metals
      4. 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance
      5. 9.4 Ohm's Law
      6. 9.5 Electrical Energy and Power
      7. 9.6 Superconductors
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    6. 10 Direct-Current Circuits
      1. Introduction
      2. 10.1 Electromotive Force
      3. 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
      4. 10.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
      5. 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
      6. 10.5 RC Circuits
      7. 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    7. 11 Magnetic Forces and Fields
      1. Introduction
      2. 11.1 Magnetism and Its Historical Discoveries
      3. 11.2 Magnetic Fields and Lines
      4. 11.3 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
      5. 11.4 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor
      6. 11.5 Force and Torque on a Current Loop
      7. 11.6 The Hall Effect
      8. 11.7 Applications of Magnetic Forces and Fields
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    8. 12 Sources of Magnetic Fields
      1. Introduction
      2. 12.1 The Biot-Savart Law
      3. 12.2 Magnetic Field Due to a Thin Straight Wire
      4. 12.3 Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Currents
      5. 12.4 Magnetic Field of a Current Loop
      6. 12.5 Ampère’s Law
      7. 12.6 Solenoids and Toroids
      8. 12.7 Magnetism in Matter
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    9. 13 Electromagnetic Induction
      1. Introduction
      2. 13.1 Faraday’s Law
      3. 13.2 Lenz's Law
      4. 13.3 Motional Emf
      5. 13.4 Induced Electric Fields
      6. 13.5 Eddy Currents
      7. 13.6 Electric Generators and Back Emf
      8. 13.7 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction
      9. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    10. 14 Inductance
      1. Introduction
      2. 14.1 Mutual Inductance
      3. 14.2 Self-Inductance and Inductors
      4. 14.3 Energy in a Magnetic Field
      5. 14.4 RL Circuits
      6. 14.5 Oscillations in an LC Circuit
      7. 14.6 RLC Series Circuits
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    11. 15 Alternating-Current Circuits
      1. Introduction
      2. 15.1 AC Sources
      3. 15.2 Simple AC Circuits
      4. 15.3 RLC Series Circuits with AC
      5. 15.4 Power in an AC Circuit
      6. 15.5 Resonance in an AC Circuit
      7. 15.6 Transformers
      8. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
    12. 16 Electromagnetic Waves
      1. Introduction
      2. 16.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
      3. 16.2 Plane Electromagnetic Waves
      4. 16.3 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves
      5. 16.4 Momentum and Radiation Pressure
      6. 16.5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
      7. Chapter Review
        1. Key Terms
        2. Key Equations
        3. Summary
        4. Conceptual Questions
        5. Problems
        6. Additional Problems
        7. Challenge Problems
  4. A | Units
  5. B | Conversion Factors
  6. C | Fundamental Constants
  7. D | Astronomical Data
  8. E | Mathematical Formulas
  9. F | Chemistry
  10. G | The Greek Alphabet
  11. Answer Key
    1. Chapter 1
    2. Chapter 2
    3. Chapter 3
    4. Chapter 4
    5. Chapter 5
    6. Chapter 6
    7. Chapter 7
    8. Chapter 8
    9. Chapter 9
    10. Chapter 10
    11. Chapter 11
    12. Chapter 12
    13. Chapter 13
    14. Chapter 14
    15. Chapter 15
    16. Chapter 16
  12. Index

Additional Problems

108.

Point charges q1=2.0μCq1=2.0μC and q1=4.0μCq1=4.0μC are located at r1=(4.0i^2.0j^+2.0k^)mr1=(4.0i^2.0j^+2.0k^)m and r2=(8.0i^+5.0j^9.0k^)mr2=(8.0i^+5.0j^9.0k^)m. What is the force of q2onq1?q2onq1?

109.

What is the force on the 5.0-μC5.0-μC charge shown below?

The following charges are shown on an x y coordinate system: Minus 3.0 micro Coulomb on the x axis, 3.0 meters to the left of the origin. Positive 5.0 micro Coulomb at the origin. Positive 9.0 micro Coulomb on the x axis, 3.0 meters to the right of the origin. Positive 6.0 micro Coulomb on the y axis, 3.0 meters above the origin.
110.

What is the force on the 2.0-μC2.0-μC charge placed at the center of the square shown below?

Charges are shown at the corners of a square with sides length 1 meter. The top left charge is positive 5.0 micro Coulombs. The top right charge is positive 4.0 micro Coulombs. The bottom left charge is negative 4.0 micro Coulombs. The bottom right charge is positive 2.0 micro Coulombs. A fifth charge of positive 2.0 micro Coulombs is at the center of the square.
111.

Four charged particles are positioned at the corners of a parallelogram as shown below. If q=5.0μCq=5.0μC and Q=8.0μC,Q=8.0μC, what is the net force on q?

Four charges are positioned at the corners of a parallelogram. The top and bottom of the parallelogram are horizontal and are 3.0 meters long. The sides are at a thirty degree angle to the x axis. The vertical height of the parallelogram is 1.0 meter. The charges are a positive Q in the lower left corner, positive 2 Q in the lower right corner, negative 3 Q in the upper left corner, and positive q in the upper right corner.
112.

A charge Q is fixed at the origin and a second charge q moves along the x-axis, as shown below. How much work is done on q by the electric force when q moves from x1tox2?x1tox2?

A charge Q is shown at the origin and a second charge q is shown to its right, on the x axis, moving to the right. Both are positive charges. Point x 1 is between the charges. Point x 2 is to the right of both.
113.

A charge q=−2.0μCq=−2.0μC is released from rest when it is 2.0 m from a fixed charge Q=6.0μC.Q=6.0μC. What is the kinetic energy of q when it is 1.0 m from Q?

114.

What is the electric field at the midpoint M of the hypotenuse of the triangle shown below?

Charges are shown at the vertices of an isosceles right triangle whose sides are length a and those hypotenuse is length M. The right angle is the bottom right corner. The charge at the right angle is positive 2 q. Both of the other two charges are positive q.
115.

Find the electric field at P for the charge configurations shown below.

In figure a, positive charge q is on the left, negative charge q is a distance a to the right of it. Point P is a distance a to the right of the negative charge q. In figure b, positive charge q is on the left, and a positive charge q is a distance a to the right of it. Point P is below the midpoint, a distance a from each of the charges so that the two charges and point P are at the vertices of an equilateral triangle whose sides are length a. In figure c, four charges are at the corners of a square whose sides are length a. The two top corners each have positive charge q. The two bottom corners each have negative charge q. Point P is at the center of the square.
116.

(a) What is the electric field at the lower-right-hand corner of the square shown below? (b) What is the force on a charge q placed at that point?

A square with sides of length a is shown. Three charges are shown as follows: At the top left, a charge of negative 2 q. At the top right, a charge of positive q. At the lower left, a charge of positive q.
117.

Point charges are placed at the four corners of a rectangle as shown below: q1=2.0×10−6C,q1=2.0×10−6C, q2=−2.0×10−6C,q2=−2.0×10−6C, q3=4.0×10−6C,q3=4.0×10−6C, and q4=1.0×10−6C.q4=1.0×10−6C. What is the electric field at P?

A rectangle is shown with a charge at each corner. The rectangle is 4.0 centimeters high and 6.0 centimeters wide. At the top left is a positive charge q 1. At the top right is a negative charge q 2. At the lower left is a positive charge q 3. At the lower right is a positive charge q 4. Point P is in the middle of the upper edge, 3.0 centimeters to the right of q 1 and 3.0 centimeters to the left of q 2.
118.

Three charges are positioned at the corners of a parallelogram as shown below. (a) If Q=8.0μC,Q=8.0μC, what is the electric field at the unoccupied corner? (b) What is the force on a 5.0-μC5.0-μC charge placed at this corner?

Three charges are positioned at the corners of a parallelogram. The top and bottom of the parallelogram are horizontal and are 3.0 meters long. The sides are at a thirty degree angle to the x axis. The vertical height of the parallelogram is 1.0 meter. The charges are a positive Q in the lower left corner, positive 2 Q in the lower right corner, and negative 3 Q in the upper left corner.
119.

A positive charge q is released from rest at the origin of a rectangular coordinate system and moves under the influence of the electric field E=E0(1+x/a)i^.E=E0(1+x/a)i^. What is the kinetic energy of q when it passes through x=3a?x=3a?

120.

A particle of charge qq and mass m is placed at the center of a uniformaly charged ring of total charge Q and radius R. The particle is displaced a small distance along the axis perpendicular to the plane of the ring and released. Assuming that the particle is constrained to move along the axis, show that the particle oscillates in simple harmonic motion with a frequency f=12πqQ4πε0mR3.f=12πqQ4πε0mR3.

121.

Charge is distributed uniformly along the entire y-axis with a density λyλy and along the positive x-axis from x=atox=bx=atox=b with a density λx.λx. What is the force between the two distributions?

122.

The circular arc shown below carries a charge per unit length λ=λ0cosθ,λ=λ0cosθ, where θθ is measured from the x-axis. What is the electric field at the origin?

An arc that is part of a circle of radius r and with center at the origin of an x y coordinate system is shown. The arc extends from an angle theta sub zero above the x axis to an angle theta sub zero below the x axis.
123.

Calculate the electric field due to a uniformly charged rod of length L, aligned with the x-axis with one end at the origin; at a point P on the z-axis.

124.

The charge per unit length on the thin rod shown below is λ.λ. What is the electric force on the point charge q? Solve this problem by first considering the electric force dFdF on q due to a small segment dxdx of the rod, which contains charge λdx.λdx. Then, find the net force by integrating dFdF over the length of the rod.

A rod of length l is shown. The rod lies on the horizontal axis, with its left end at the origin. A positive charge q is on the x axis, a distance a to the right of the right end of the rod.
125.

The charge per unit length on the thin rod shown here is λ.λ. What is the electric force on the point charge q? (See the preceding problem.)

A rod of length l is shown. The rod lies on the horizontal axis, with its center at the origin, so the ends are a distance of l over 2 to the left and right of the origin. A positive charge q is on the y axis, a distance a to above the origin.
126.

The charge per unit length on the thin semicircular wire shown below is λ.λ. What is the electric force on the point charge q? (See the preceding problems.)

A semicircular arc that the upper half of a circle of radius R is shown. A positive charge q is at the center of the circle.
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