Key Equations

Key Equations

Linear thermal expansion	$\text{Δ}L=\alpha L\text{Δ}T$
Thermal expansion in two dimensions	$\text{Δ}A=2\alpha A\text{Δ}T$
Thermal expansion in three dimensions	$\text{Δ}V=\beta V\text{Δ}T$
Heat transfer	$Q=mc\text{Δ}T$
Transfer of heat in a calorimeter	$Q_{\text{cold}}+Q_{\text{hot}}=0$
Heat due to phase change (melting and freezing)	$Q=m{L}_{\text{f}}$
Heat due to phase change (evaporation and condensation)	$Q=m{L}_{\text{v}}$
Rate of conductive heat transfer	$P=\frac{kA\left(T_h-T_c\right)}{d}$
Net rate of heat transfer by radiation	$P_{\text{net}}=\sigma eA\left(T_2{}^4-T_1{}^4\right)$