Learning Outcomes
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- 1 Define sales promotion.
- 2 Discuss the importance of sales promotion in the promotion mix.
Sales Promotion
Sales promotion is a promotional strategy focused on inducing sales in the short term. Of all the promotional activities, sales promotion is solely focused on a direct call to action to buy something. Sales promotion can be targeted to intermediaries through a push strategy or directly to consumers through a pull strategy. Marketers often use sales promotion in tandem with other promotional strategies. When McDonald’s advertises, for example, “Free fries on Friday when you purchase a menu item through the app,” it is using advertising along with sales promotion to induce consumers to use the app and to increase sales on Fridays.
When products are at the introductory stage of the product life cycle, sales promotion can be effective at inducing trial of a product. The greater the competition, the more a sales promotion strategy becomes important for getting consumers to switch or try a new or different product. Product manufacturers often use sales promotion in-store to set apart the brand or product at the time of purchase. As you walk past the cheese aisle at the grocery store, you might see Sargento offering a buy-one-get-one (BOGO) deal. This is a sales promotion geared toward getting the customer to buy more of Sargento or possibly try Sargento for the first time.
Importance of Sales Promotion in the Promotion Mix
Many of the strategies in the promotion mix are informative in nature. However, when other strategies are combined with sales promotion, there is a direct and immediate call to action to purchase the product. Companies needing to create sales in the short term will benefit from sales promotion. Utilizing sales promotion is a very effective strategy for generating trial of a product in the introductory stages of the product life cycle (PLC).
Spreading of Information
Sales promotion is very effective at spreading information about new products and product modifications. Creating awareness of the brand to new markets and customers is another effective use of sales promotion.
When MyPillow has an advertorial during Fox News and provides a code for a reduced price of its renowned pillows, the advertorial serves to tell new customers about the products as well as provide an incentive to purchase the product immediately.
Stimulation of Demand
One of the key elements to good sales promotion is that it stimulates sales in the short term. Sales promotion gives customers an immediate incentive to purchase a product.
Sonic Drive-In (see Figure 15.3) offers half-price drinks and slushes every day from 2:00 to 4:00 as a “happy hour” special. The use of this sales promotion tactic does two things: first, it incentivizes consumers to buy drinks, and second, it provides sales during the slow times of the day.
Customer Satisfaction
Today’s customer is presented with thousands of messages. Companies are driven to get noticed, increase sales, and keep their customers satisfied. Sales promotions are one method a company may use to increase customer satisfaction. A survey from RetailMeNot “showed that coupons can affect brain chemistry and can make customers happier.” The research concluded that an online shopper who received a $10 coupon was 11% happier and had 38% higher oxytocin levels than those who didn’t get a discount.4 Providing the occasional discount can chemically make a customer happier, resulting in a more satisfied customer, who may spend more in the future and may become a loyal shopper.5
Stabilization of Sales Volume
Sales promotion can also be used to help stabilize sales volume. Because sales promotion works to incentivize purchase of a product in the short term, companies often use this promotional tactic to drive sales and meet targets. Typical sales promotion tactics used to increase sales include buy-one-get-one-half-off and other specific discounts that are available when used by a certain time. The time element provides the company with the target for the sale, and the customer is provided with an incentive to purchase by a certain time.
Marketing Dashboard
Cost of Customer Acquisition
We often think about profitability based on the difference between what we spend to create a product or service and the amount a customer pays for that product or service. However, we have to remember that there are costs to acquiring customers. In this chapter, you learned about two promotional activities that create costs to reach customers: sales and sales promotion.
Within the sales process, an organization pays a salesperson salary and/or commission to make sales. This is an example of a cost to acquire a customer. As you can imagine, we want our cost to acquire to stay low. For example, if we sold multimillion-dollar airplanes, it would be reasonable to spend thousands of dollars on a salesperson to make that sale. However, if we were selling several-hundred-dollar televisions, our cost to acquire a customer must be much lower.
Sales promotion is another promotional expense. For example, if a pizza brand provides samples at Costco, this might encourage a customer to purchase pizza. And if that customer keeps buying pizza, the cost of the pizza sample was worth it for the value that the customer will bring over the life of the relationship. Other categories of promotional costs include advertising, public relations, social media, search, and direct marketing.
The formula for cost of acquisition is the total cost of marketing activities divided by number of customers acquired.
In this formula, you will see an assumption that all customers are worth the same amount, but as savvy marketers, we know that this is untrue. This is why we need to use a variety of marketing metrics when evaluating campaigns.
Give the cost of acquisition calculation a try for yourself. What is the cost of acquisition in the example provided below?
| Type of Promotion | Expense | Yield |
|---|---|---|
| Television Advertising | $1,250,000 | 400,000 customers |
| Catalog Mailing | $750,000 | 250,000 customers |
| Search Engine Marketing | $550,000 | 90,000 customers |
| Outdoor Activation | $1,500,000 | 70,000 customers |
| Ad Agency Fees | $600,000 | 0 customers |
| TOTAL | $4,650,000 | 810,000 customers |
Formula:
What additional information do you need to determine whether the cost of acquisition is appropriate for the product or service?
The price of the product/service, total sales, expenses, and margins associated with the product or service
Let’s suppose that this example is for a national bookseller. The bookseller has an average profit per customer of $90 over the customer’s lifetime. Would the cost per acquisition that you calculated provide a good value for the bookseller? Why or why not?
Yes. It is worth it to spend $5.74 to acquire a customer worth $90 on average over the lifespan of the relationship;
Knowledge Check
It’s time to check your knowledge on the concepts presented in this section. Refer to the Answer Key at the end of the book for feedback.