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Principles of Accounting, Volume 2: Managerial Accounting

Chapter 10

Principles of Accounting, Volume 2: Managerial AccountingChapter 10

Chapter 10

Multiple Choice

1.

B

3.

D

5.

B

7.

B

9.

D

11.

A

13.

A

15.

B

Questions

1.

Primarily disagree, but there are a few times where fixed costs can be avoided or partially avoided. Variable costs are avoidable costs since variable costs do not exist if the product is no longer made, or if the portion of the business (such as a segment or division) that generated the variable costs ceases to operate. Fixed costs, on the other hand, may be unavoidable, partially unavoidable, or avoidable only in certain circumstances. When a company discontinues a product or service, certain fixed costs may not be required.

3.
Cost Relevant or Irrelevant Sunk, Fixed, Variable, or Opportunity?
Rent Relevant Fixed
Baker wages Relevant Variable
Felipe’s culinary school tuition Irrelevant Sunk
Berries for pies Relevant Variable
Painting dining area last year Irrelevant Sunk
Felipe’s decision not to attend graduate school Irrelevant Opportunity
5.

One issue is the concern for how existing customers will feel if they discover that the company offered a lower price to the special-order customer for the same goods or services. If the goods in the special order are modified, and thus cheaper for that reason, current customers may prefer the modified, cheaper version of the product. The company would need to determine if selling the new version of the project would hurt profitability or the company’s reputation.

7.

First and foremost, customer service quality is a consideration, followed closely by the ability of the offshore personnel to speak clearly in English and to understand the customer’s needs. Chief operating officers should also make sure that the call centers are adequately staffed and run in an ethical manner, similar to the main company contracting with the outsourced service. Offshoring disadvantages should be weighed against domestic outsourcing in the areas of time zone problems, politically correct labor choices, rising labor costs abroad, as well as culture and language.

9.

The bakery manager’s salary would be avoidable and therefore differential in the analysis.

11.

In general, if the differential revenue from processing further is greater than the differential costs, then it will be profitable to process a joint product after the split-off point. Any costs incurred prior to the split-off point are irrelevant to the decision to process further, as those are sunk costs, and only future costs are relevant costs. Joint product costs are common costs that are incurred simultaneously to produce a variety of end products. Even though they are common costs, they are routinely allocated to the joint products.

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