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Prealgebra

Chapter 4

PrealgebraChapter 4
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4.1
  1. 3838
  2. 4949
4.2
  1. 3535
  2. 3434
4.9

5 3 = 1 2 3 5 3 = 1 2 3

4.10

13 8 = 1 5 8 13 8 = 1 5 8

4.13

1 2 7 1 2 7

4.14

1 3 4 1 3 4

4.15

11 8 11 8

4.16

11 6 11 6

4.17

1 6 7 . 1 6 7 .

4.18

1 5 9 1 5 9

4.19

3 2 7 3 2 7

4.20

4 4 11 4 4 11

4.21

26 7 26 7

4.22

23 8 23 8

4.23

50 11 50 11

4.24

34 3 34 3

4.25

2

4.26

3

4.27

Correct answers include 610,915,and1220.610,915,and1220.

4.28

Correct answers include 810,1215,and1620.810,1215,and1620.

4.29

18 21 18 21

4.30

30 100 30 100

4.35
  1. >
  2. >
  3. <
  4. <
4.36
  1. >
  2. <
  3. >
  4. <
4.37

2 3 2 3

4.38

3 4 3 4

4.39

3 4 3 4

4.40

2 3 2 3

4.41

9 7 9 7

4.42

9 5 9 5

4.43

23 40 23 40

4.44

5 8 5 8

4.45

x y x y

4.46

a b a b

4.47

3 10 3 10

4.48

5 12 5 12

4.49

2 15 2 15

4.50

21 40 21 40

4.51

5 14 5 14

4.52

14 27 14 27

4.53

4 21 4 21

4.54

3 16 3 16

4.55
  1. 9
  2. −33a
4.56
  1. 2424
  2. 44x344x3
4.57
  1. 7575
  2. −8−8
  3. 411411
  4. 114114
4.58
  1. 7373
  2. 1212
  3. 914914
  4. 121121
4.65

9 14 9 14

4.66

10 21 10 21

4.67

21 5 p 21 5 p

4.68

15 8 q 15 8 q

4.69

4 5 4 5

4.70

5 4 5 4

4.71

4 15 4 15

4.72

2 3 2 3

4.73

2

4.74

9 4 9 4

4.75

−15

4.76

85 6 85 6

4.77

5 8 5 8

4.78

7 8 7 8

4.79

2

4.80

5 2 5 2

4.81

9 s 14 9 s 14

4.82

5 y 6 5 y 6

4.83

a b c d a b c d

4.84

p + q r p + q r

4.85

4 5 4 5

4.86

11 14 11 14

4.87

2 7 2 7

4.88

10 3 10 3

4.89

3 4 b 3 4 b

4.90

4 q 4 q

4.91

25 49 . 25 49 .

4.92

1 2 1 2

4.93

3 5 , 3 −5 3 5 , 3 −5

4.94

−2 7 , 2 −7 −2 7 , 2 −7

4.95

10 9 10 9

4.96

1 2 1 2

4.97

−3 4 −3 4

4.98

2 3 2 3

4.99

2 9 2 9

4.100

8 5 8 5

4.103

5 8 5 8

4.104

5 6 5 6

4.105

5 6 5 6

4.107

x + 3 4 x + 3 4

4.108

y + 5 8 y + 5 8

4.109

1 d 1 d

4.110

3 m 3 m

4.111

9 p 8 9 p 8

4.112

9 q 5 9 q 5

4.113

2 3 2 3

4.114

2 3 2 3

4.115

3838, models may differ.

4.116

1616, models may differ

4.117

3 7 3 7

4.118

1 2 1 2

4.119

x 2 7 x 2 7

4.120

y 13 14 y 13 14

4.121

16 x 16 x

4.122

22 a 22 a

4.123

−1

4.124

2 3 2 3

4.125

60

4.126

15

4.127

96

4.128

224

4.129

9 12 , 10 12 9 12 , 10 12

4.130

35 60 , 44 60 35 60 , 44 60

4.131

52 96 , 51 96 52 96 , 51 96

4.132

72 224 , 189 224 72 224 , 189 224

4.133

7 12 7 12

4.134

7 10 7 10

4.135

5 8 5 8

4.136

1 2 1 2

4.137

79 60 79 60

4.138

103 60 103 60

4.139

1 96 1 96

4.140

75 224 75 224

4.141

37 210 37 210

4.142

25 96 25 96

4.143

3 y + 14 18 3 y + 14 18

4.144

5 x + 14 30 5 x + 14 30

4.145
  1. 11121112
  2. 1818
4.146
  1. 103103
  2. 13121312
4.147
  1. 27a323627a3236
  2. 2a32a3
4.148
  1. 24k+253024k+2530
  2. 24k2524k25
4.149

1 90 1 90

4.150

272

4.152

2 7 2 7

4.153
  1. −1−1
  2. 1212
4.154
  1. 7676
  2. 1414
4.155

3 4 3 4

4.156

23 8 23 8

4.157

1 2 1 2

4.158

2 3 2 3

4.159

5 2 5 2

4.160

3 2 3 2

4.163

423423

4.164

312312

4.165

5 6 7 5 6 7

4.166

7 9 11 7 9 11

4.167

16 1 2 16 1 2

4.168

15 1 3 15 1 3

4.169

9 1 3 9 1 3

4.170

6 3 5 6 3 5

4.171

3 4 3 4

4.172

4 5 4 5

4.173

9 5 9 5

4.174

5 3 5 3

4.175

2 3 2 3

4.176

3 4 3 4

4.179

2 2 3 2 2 3

4.180

1 5 7 1 5 7

4.181

2 2 3 2 2 3

4.182

1 5 7 1 5 7

4.183

6 7 12 6 7 12

4.184

12 3 10 12 3 10

4.185

4 7 10 4 7 10

4.186

2 11 12 2 11 12

4.187

41 8 41 8

4.188

757 63 757 63

4.189
  1. no
  2. yes
  3. no
4.190
  1. no
  2. no
  3. yes
4.191

1 2 1 2

4.192

4 15 4 15

4.193

−1

4.194

6 7 6 7

4.195

19 3 19 3

4.196

23 2 23 2

4.197

−125

4.198

−243

4.199

245

4.200

132

4.201

−48

4.202

23

4.203

35

4.204

18

4.205

−91

4.206

−108

4.207

n 7 = −21 ; n = −147 n 7 = −21 ; n = −147

4.208

n 8 = −56 ; n = −448 n 8 = −56 ; n = −448

4.209

q −8 = 72 ; q = −576 q −8 = 72 ; q = −576

4.210

p −9 = 81 ; p = −729 p −9 = 81 ; p = −729

4.211

2 5 f = 16 ; f = 40 2 5 f = 16 ; f = 40

4.212

3 4 f = 21 ; f = 28 3 4 f = 21 ; f = 28

4.213

n 2 3 = 5 12 ; n = 5 18 n 2 3 = 5 12 ; n = 5 18

4.214

c 3 8 = 4 9 ; c = 1 6 c 3 8 = 4 9 ; c = 1 6

4.215

5 8 + x = 1 4 ; x = 3 8 5 8 + x = 1 4 ; x = 3 8

4.216

1 3 4 x = 5 6 ; x = 11 12 1 3 4 x = 5 6 ; x = 11 12

Section 4.1 Exercises

1.
  1. 1414
  2. 3434
  3. 3838
  4. 5959
3.


5.


7.


9.


11.


13.


15.


17.
  1. 54=11454=114
  2. 74=13474=134
  3. 118=138118=138
19.
  1. 114=234114=234
  2. 198=238198=238
21.


23.


25.


27.


29.

1 2 3 1 2 3

31.

2 3 5 2 3 5

33.

3 1 9 3 1 9

35.

3 2 15 3 2 15

37.

7 5 7 5

39.

17 6 17 6

41.

19 7 19 7

43.

32 9 32 9

45.

4

47.

9

49.

9

51.

Answers may vary. Correct answers include 26,39,412.26,39,412.

53.

Answers may vary. Correct answers include 1012,1518,2024.1012,1518,2024.

55.

Answers may vary. Correct answers include 1018,1527,2036.1018,1527,2036.

57.


59.


61.


63.


65.

<

67.

>

69.

<

71.

<

73.
  1. 8
  2. 4
75.

Answers will vary.

Section 4.2 Exercises

77.

1 3 1 3

79.

3 4 3 4

81.

5 11 5 11

83.

12 7 12 7

85.

10 21 10 21

87.

7 8 7 8

89.

x y x y

91.

x 4 y x 4 y

93.

2 x 2 3 y 2 x 2 3 y

95.

1 3 1 3

97.

5 18 5 18

99.

2 15 2 15

101.

27 40 27 40

103.

1 4 1 4

105.

1 6 1 6

107.

2 9 2 9

109.

21 50 21 50

111.

11 30 11 30

113.

20 11 20 11

115.

9n

117.

7p

119.

−34

121.

3 8 3 8

123.

8 27 8 27

125.

1296 625 1296 625

127.

4 3 4 3

129.

17 5 17 5

131.

8 11 8 11

133.

1 19 1 19

135.

1

137.


139.

4

141.

12

143.

4

145.

16 15 16 15

147.

5 4 5 4

149.

1

151.

18 5 y 18 5 y

153.

25 2 c 25 2 c

155.

3 4 3 4

157.

2 9 2 9

159.

14 r 15 s 14 r 15 s

161.

−12

163.

1 25 1 25

165.

9

167.

8 7 8 7

169.
  • 423=83=223423=83=223
  • Answers will vary.
171.

1 8 yard 1 8 yard

173.

Answers will vary.

175.

Answers will vary.

Section 4.3 Exercises

177.

44 21 44 21

179.

35 8 35 8

181.

16 3 16 3

183.

63 16 63 16

185.

3 2 3 2

187.

4 3 4 3

189.

2

191.

5

193.

7 v 13 7 v 13

195.

a b a b

197.

A 3 B A 3 B

199.

3 2 3 2

201.

15 22 15 22

203.

3 10 3 10

205.

1 6 1 6

207.

3 r 5 s 3 r 5 s

209.

9 2 y 9 2 y

211.

28

213.

1 18 1 18

215.

−4 9 , 4 9 −4 9 , 4 9

217.

13 −6 , −13 6 13 −6 , −13 6

219.

12 7 12 7

221.

5 2 5 2

223.

23 4 23 4

225.

1 3 1 3

227.

4 5 4 5

229.

1 2 1 2

231.

2

233.

5 6 5 6

235.

26 25 26 25

237.

11 6 11 6

239.

5 2 5 2

241.

−10

243.

−2

245.

51 20 51 20

247.

18 7 18 7

249.
  1. 43=113cups43=113cups
  2. 803=2623cups803=2623cups
251.

Answers will vary.

253.

Answers will vary.

Section 4.4 Exercises

255.



710710

257.



3434

259.

7 9 7 9

261.

16 15 16 15

263.

y + 2 3 y + 2 3

265.

14 q 14 q

267.

9 a 7 9 a 7

269.

−4 x 5 −4 x 5

271.

3 4 3 4

273.

7 8 7 8

275.

8 19 8 19

277.

13 12 13 12

279.



1212

281.

1 5 1 5

283.

5 13 5 13

285.

1 6 1 6

287.

8 3 8 3

289.

x 8 19 x 8 19

291.

11 z 8 13 11 z 8 13

293.

14 c 14 c

295.

55 v 55 v

297.

3 d 11 3 d 11

299.

14 s 3 14 s 3

301.

2 7 2 7

303.

3 11 3 11

305.

1 8 1 8

307.

6 s 11 6 s 11

309.

2 9 2 9

311.

49 27 49 27

313.

1 4 cup 1 4 cup

315.

Answers will vary.

Section 4.5 Exercises

317.

20

319.

48

321.

240

323.

245

325.

60

327.

5 20 , 4 20 5 20 , 4 20

329.

14 24 , 15 24 14 24 , 15 24

331.

33 48 , 20 48 33 48 , 20 48

333.

20 60 , 45 60 , 36 60 20 60 , 45 60 , 36 60

335.

9 20 9 20

337.

11 24 11 24

339.

3 8 3 8

341.

2 3 2 3

343.

23 20 23 20

345.

19 24 19 24

347.

1 48 1 48

349.

1 24 1 24

351.

1 12 1 12

353.

7 60 7 60

355.

53 80 53 80

357.

291 245 291 245

359.

1 20 1 20

361.

11 40 11 40

363.

11 6 11 6

365.

7 10 7 10

367.

3 y + 4 6 3 y + 4 6

369.

4 x 5 20 4 x 5 20

371.
  1. 5656
  2. 44
373.
  1. 37403740
  2. 110110
375.
  1. 9a149a14
  2. 9a14249a1424
377.
  1. 43q43q
  2. 1225q451225q45
381.

11 24 11 24

383.

7 18 7 18

385.

2 15 2 15

387.

−33 8 x 88 −33 8 x 88

389.

16 39 16 39

391.

1 81 1 81

393.

32

395.

36 25 36 25

397.

60 7 60 7

399.

15 2 15 2

401.

3 13 3 13

403.

19 30 19 30

405.

−9

407.

91 60 91 60

409.

11 40 11 40

411.

5 6 5 6

413.

1

415.

22 7 22 7

417.
  1. 1212
  2. −1−1
419.
  1. 0 0
  2. 1616
421.
  1. 1313
  2. −1−1
423.
  1. 1616
  2. 2323
425.

4 15 4 15

427.

9 16 9 16

429.

−2

431.

3

433.

She needs 2 3 8 cups She needs 2 3 8 cups

435.

Answers will vary.

Section 4.6 Exercises

437.



323323

439.



323323

441.

7 5 9 7 5 9

443.

11

445.

11 1 3 11 1 3

447.

11 1 3 11 1 3

449.



1212

451.

1 1 6 1 1 6

453.

6 2 5 6 2 5

455.

1 7 9 1 7 9

457.

5 6 5 6

459.

7 11 12 7 11 12

461.

16 1 6 16 1 6

463.

5 11 20 5 11 20

465.

−1 11 24 −1 11 24

467.

6 17 18 6 17 18

469.

7 9 7 9

471.

23

473.

8 3 4 8 3 4

475.

4 15 4 15

477.

5 3 5 5 3 5

479.

1 16 1 16

481.

13 1 13 13 1 13

483.

7 1 30 7 1 30

485.

10 27 10 27

487.

2 7 45 2 7 45

489.

17 24 17 24

491.

7 12 yards 7 12 yards

493.

13 1 4 inches 13 1 4 inches

495.

Answers will vary.

497.

Answers will vary.

Section 4.7 Exercises

499.
  1. no
  2. yes
  3. no
501.
  1. no
  2. yes
  3. no
503.

m = 1 2 m = 1 2

505.

h = 2 3 h = 2 3

507.

c = −1

509.

z = −1

511.

p = 37 40 p = 37 40

513.

k = 7 15 k = 7 15

515.

k = 18 7 k = 18 7

517.

v = 11 3 v = 11 3

519.

b = −27

521.

x = −256

523.

q = 160

525.

s = 45

527.

y = −42

529.

k = 17 20 k = 17 20

531.

p = 100

533.

m = −16

535.

b = −21

537.

v = 36

539.

y = 0

541.

g = 1 9 g = 1 9

543.

q = 3 4 q = 3 4

545.

n = 14 5 n = 14 5

547.

y = 25 24 y = 25 24

549.

d = 8 15 d = 8 15

551.

n 6 = −24 ; n = −144 n 6 = −24 ; n = −144

553.

m −7 = −8 ; m = 56 m −7 = −8 ; m = 56

555.

f −4 = −20 ; f = 80 f −4 = −20 ; f = 80

557.

g 9 = 14 ; g = 126 g 9 = 14 ; g = 126

559.

2 5 q = 20 ; q = 50 2 5 q = 20 ; q = 50

561.

4 9 p = −28 ; p = −63 4 9 p = −28 ; p = −63

563.

h 2 = 43 h 2 = 43

565.

a 2 3 = 3 4 a 2 3 = 3 4

567.

3 4 + x = 1 8 ; x = 5 8 3 4 + x = 1 8 ; x = 5 8

569.

y 1 3 = 1 6 ; y = 1 6 y 1 3 = 1 6 ; y = 1 6

571.

30 inches

573.

Answers will vary.

Review Exercises

575.

5 9 5 9

577.

3 2 3 2

579.

5 8 11 5 8 11

581.

49 5 49 5

583.

Answers may vary.

585.


587.

>

589.

3 4 3 4

591.

x y x y

593.

4 7 4 7

595.

24 11 m 24 11 m

597.

6

599.

4 15 4 15

601.

−4

603.

4

605.

4 15 4 15

607.

8

609.

268 11 268 11

611.

8

613.

V h 6 V h 6

615.

2 9 2 9

617.

22

619.

7 36 7 36

621.

5 8 5 8

623.

3 5 3 5

625.

x + 7 10 x + 7 10

627.

1 2 1 2

629.

19 15 19 15

631.

8 15 8 15

633.

15

635.

60

637.

9 24 and 20 24 9 24 and 20 24

639.

20 60 , 15 60 and 48 60 20 60 , 15 60 and 48 60

641.

1 4 1 4

643.

77 90 77 90

645.

3 y 10 30 3 y 10 30

647.

14 d 11 14 d 11

649.

256 225 256 225

651.
  1. 8585
  2. 11201120
653.

13 2 3 13 2 3

655.

8 1 11 8 1 11

657.

5 1 10 5 1 10

659.

10 3 10 3

661.
  1. no
  2. yes
  3. no
663.

n = 5 11 n = 5 11

665.

h = 51 40 h = 51 40

667.

z = −23

669.

q 1 10 = 1 2 ; q = 3 5 q 1 10 = 1 2 ; q = 3 5

671.

3 8 y = 24 ; y = 64 3 8 y = 24 ; y = 64

Practice Test

673.

23 7 23 7

675.

1 4 1 4

677.

1 4 1 4

679.

16u

681.

−2

683.

12 25 12 25

685.

5

687.

5 p 2 q 5 p 2 q

689.

13

691.

7 13 7 13

693.

−1

695.

9 4 x 9 4 x

697.

3

699.

y = 4 5 y = 4 5

701.

f = 13 12 f = 13 12

703.

c = −27

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