Key Terms
- agent group
- those with dominant social status either by birth or acquisition who may knowingly or unknowingly take advantage of their position over the target group
- blind spots
- unconscious or implicit biases that individuals are unaware of
- confirmation bias
- a tendency to notice and remember information confirming one’s existing beliefs; can reinforce and strengthen those beliefs over time
- conscious impermeability
- when the nurse recognizes cultural humility’s importance but struggles to demonstrate it in practice
- conscious permeability
- the mindful act of learning to become culturally humble and use a cultural lens throughout the entire encounter with the client
- counter-stereotypic imaging
- the deliberate representation of individuals or groups that challenges or counters traditional stereotypes associated with them
- cultural adaptability
- adapting one’s behaviors, communication styles, and approaches to fit different cultural environments
- cultural autobiography
- a written account of an individual’s cultural experiences, upbringing, and identity development
- cultural genogram
- a genogram depicting family members’ cultural identities, traditions, and migration histories
- cultural immersion
- proactively engaging with people from diverse racial, ethnic, gender, and sexual orientation groups
- cultural intelligence (CQ)
- an individual’s ability to understand, appreciate, and adapt to different cultural contexts
- cultural knowledge
- understanding different cultural norms, values, beliefs, practices, and historical contexts
- cultural sensitivity
- the awareness, understanding, and consideration of clients and their families’ diverse cultural backgrounds, beliefs, practices, and preferences
- cultural skills
- the possession of interpersonal and communication skills to effectively interact and communicate across cultures
- cultural understanding
- the recognition and appreciation of cultural differences and similarities without judgment or bias
- decolonization
- a process of critically examining and deconstructing the Eurocentric and colonial ideologies that have influenced nursing
- emotional intelligence (EI)
- the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s emotions and effectively interact with the emotions of others; involves self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, and social skills
- empathy
- the capability to understand and share the feelings and perspectives of others, demonstrating sensitivity and compassion
- evaluative conditioning
- a psychological concept that explains how repeated pairing with positive or negative stimuli can influence or modify people’s attitudes or evaluations toward a particular stimulus
- in-group bias
- a psychological phenomenon referring to people’s tendency to favor members of their own social or cultural in-group
- individuation
- the process of seeing individuals as unique and distinct, rather than lumping them into broad categories or stereotypes
- mindful awareness
- being present in the moment and observing thoughts, emotions, and sensations without judgment
- motivation
- harnessing emotions to set and achieve goals
- perspective taking
- empathizing with others by putting oneself in their shoes and trying to comprehend their thoughts, emotions, and experiences
- power imbalances
- imbalances in the nurse-client relationship within the health care setting that stem from the differing roles, knowledge, and authority that nurses and clients hold
- privilege
- the advantages, entitlements, or prospects bestowed upon individuals based on their social identities, such as race, gender, and economic status, among other factors
- self-awareness
- the ability to recognize and understand one’s emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and values
- self-management
- the capacity to manage and regulate one’s emotions, impulses, and behaviors in various situations
- social skills
- proficiency in building and maintaining positive relationships, effective communication, conflict resolution, and teamwork
- stereotype replacement
- consciously challenging and replacing stereotypical beliefs and assumptions with more accurate and nuanced understandings
- systemic oppression
- the dominant group’s ability to impose their version of reality and dictate what is considered normal, true, and right
- target group
- individuals belonging to social identity groups who experience discrimination, marginalization, oppression, or exploitation at the hands of the agent and the institutionalized system that they represent
- unconscious impermeability
- a lack of recognition that cultural humility is necessary to become culturally competent
- unconscious permeability
- spontaneously operating from a place of cultural humility