Extended Response
13.1 Types of Waves
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Sound waves are mechanical waves and require a medium to propagate. Light waves can travel through a vacuum.
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Sound waves are electromagnetic waves and require a medium to propagate. Light waves can travel through a vacuum.
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Light waves are mechanical waves and do not require a medium to propagate; sound waves require a medium to propagate.
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Light waves are longitudinal waves and do not require a medium to propagate; sound waves require a medium to propagate.
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No, the requirement of a medium for propagation does not depend on whether the waves are pulse waves or periodic waves.
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Yes, the requirement of a medium for propagation depends on whether the waves are pulse waves or periodic waves.
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Sound waves in solids are transverse, whereas in air, they are longitudinal.
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Sound waves in solids are longitudinal, whereas in air, they are transverse.
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Sound waves in solids can be both longitudinal and transverse, whereas in air, they are longitudinal.
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Sound waves in solids are longitudinal, whereas in air, they can be both longitudinal and transverse.
13.2 Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period
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The gull experiences mostly side-to-side motion and moves with the wave in its direction.
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The gull experiences mostly side-to-side motion but does not move with the wave in its direction.
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The gull experiences mostly up-and-down motion and moves with the wave in its direction.
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The gull experiences mostly up-and-down motion but does not move in the direction of the wave.
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In a good-quality speaker, sounds with high frequencies or short wavelengths are reproduced accurately by woofers, while sounds with low frequencies or long wavelengths are reproduced accurately by tweeters.
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Sounds with high frequencies or short wavelengths are reproduced more accurately by tweeters, while sounds with low frequencies or long wavelengths are reproduced more accurately by woofers.
The time difference between a 2 km/s S-wave and a 6 km/s P-wave recorded at a certain point is 10 seconds. How far is the epicenter of the earthquake from that point?
- 15 m
- 30 m
- 15 km
- 30 km
13.3 Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference
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The crests and the troughs of waves traveling in the same direction combine to form a criss-cross pattern.
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The crests and the troughs of waves traveling in different directions combine to form a criss-cross pattern.
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pure constructive interference
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pure destructive interference
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a combination of constructive and destructive interference
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Destructive interference results in waves with greater amplitudes being formed in places farther away from the epicenter.
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Constructive interference results in waves with greater amplitudes being formed in places farther away from the epicenter.
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The standing waves of great amplitudes are formed in places farther away from the epicenter.
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The pulse waves of great amplitude are formed in places farther away from the epicenter.
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The glass and the water reflect the light in different directions. Hence, the object appears to be distorted.
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The glass and the water absorb the light by different amounts. Hence, the object appears to be distorted.
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Water, air, and glass are media with different densities. Light rays refract and bend when they pass from one medium to another. Hence, the object appears to be distorted.
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The glass and the water disperse the light into its components. Hence, the object appears to be distorted.