1.
Which of the following laboratory tests is typically used as an estimate of the glomerular filtration rate?
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Hematocrit
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BUN
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Creatinine
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Sodium
2.
Which of the following factors favors glomerular filtration?
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Hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman’s capsule
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Oncotic pressure of the glomerular capillaries
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Contraction of the mesangial cells
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Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
3.
Infection is a risk factor for developing which type of incontinence?
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Urge
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Stress
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Overflow
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Functional
4.
Which of the following structures contributes to blood pressure regulation?
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Mesangial cells
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Vasa recta
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Epithelial fenestra
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Juxtaglomerular cells
5.
Which of the following effects is consistent with parasympathetic stimulation of the bladder?
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Urinary reflux
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Bladder contraction
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Internal sphincter closure
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Bladder relaxation
6.
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for an adult client who has experienced recurrent renal calculi. Which of these instructions is appropriate for this client?
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Increase calcium intake.
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Avoid consuming dark-colored fluids.
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Increase fluid intake to approximately 2–3 liters each day.
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Increase protein intake from poultry and fish.
7.
The nurse is caring for a client with fluid volume excess. Which of the following manifestations is consistent with this condition?
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Jugular vein distention
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Bradycardia
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Elevated hematocrit
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Hypotension
8.
Which of the following is responsible for forming concentrated urine?
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Glomerulus
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Cortical nephron
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Juxtamedullary nephron
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Renal pelvis
9.
Which of the following conditions is related to overflow incontinence?
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Estrogen deprivation
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Urethral obstruction
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Escherichia coli infection
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Cognitive dysfunction
10.
The nurse is caring for a client with renal colic. This finding is most commonly associated with which of the following conditions?
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Renal calculi
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Acute tubular necrosis
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Renal artery stenosis
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Glomerulonephritis