- Addison’s disease
- inadequate secretion of hormones by the adrenal glands causing low blood pressure, weakness, and skin discoloration
- cortisol
- a steroid hormone that helps regulate the body’s response to stress
- Cushing’s disease/syndrome
- weight gain, bruising, and weakness caused by excessive cortisol in the body
- endocrine system
- a network of glands that regulate and control all body processes through hormones
- glycemic control
- maintaining optimal blood glucose levels
- goiter
- enlarged, abnormal growth of the thyroid gland
- Graves’ disease
- hyperthyroidism causing eye protrusion, heat intolerance, and anxiety
- homeostasis
- state of balance in the body
- hormones
- body substances that coordinate biological functions like metabolism, sexual reproduction, blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, growth and development, and sleeping
- hypothalamus
- a critical gland found in the brain that works with the nervous system to control the endocrine system
- iodized salt
- table salt fortified with iodine
- pituitary gland
- gland in the brain that regulates growth and development as well as the function of other glands
- primary endocrine disorders
- caused by dysfunction in the affected peripheral endocrine gland
- renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
- system of hormones that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance
- secondary endocrine disorders
- develop when the pituitary gland is either overstimulated or understimulated by the hypothalamus causing an alteration in the peripheral gland’s function
- T3
- triiodothyronine hormones released by the thyroid gland to help regulate weight, energy levels, and metabolism
- T4
- tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine) long-acting hormone released by the thyroid gland that can be converted to T3
- type 1 diabetes
- develops when insulin producing cells (beta cells) are destroyed in the pancreas resulting in low to non-existent levels of insulin
- type 2 diabetes
- results from insulin resistance that develops gradually from obesity and aging