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Microbiology

Short Answer

MicrobiologyShort Answer

Short Answer

32.

Why do bacteria and viruses make good model systems for various genetic studies?

33.

Why was nucleic acid disregarded for so long as the molecule responsible for the transmission of hereditary information?

34.

Bacteriophages inject their genetic material into host cells, whereas animal viruses enter host cells completely. Why was it important to use a bacteriophage in the Hershey–Chase experiment rather than an animal virus?

35.

What is the role of phosphodiester bonds within the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA?

36.

What is meant by the term “antiparallel?”

37.

Why is DNA with a high GC content more difficult to denature than that with a low GC content?

38.

What are the differences between DNA nucleotides and RNA nucleotides?

39.

How is the information stored within the base sequence of DNA used to determine a cell’s properties?

40.

How do complementary base pairs contribute to intramolecular base pairing within an RNA molecule?

41.

If an antisense RNA has the sequence 5ʹAUUCGAAUGC3ʹ, what is the sequence of the mRNA to which it will bind? Be sure to label the 5ʹ and 3ʹ ends of the molecule you draw.

42.

Why does double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) stimulate RNA interference?

43.

What are some differences in chromosomal structures between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

44.

How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes manage to fit their lengthy DNA inside of cells? Why is this necessary?

45.

What are some functions of noncoding DNA?

46.

In the chromatin of eukaryotic cells, which regions of the chromosome would you expect to be more compact: the regions that contain genes being actively copied into RNA or those that contain inactive genes?

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