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Medical-Surgical Nursing

Introduction

Medical-Surgical NursingIntroduction
Photo of DNA model with red, blue, black, and white molecules.
Figure 30.1 The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule contains the codes for the building blocks of life. (modification of work from Anatomy and Physiology 2e. attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY 4.0 license)

Chapter Outline

30.1 Genetic Disorders
30.2 Patterns of Inheritance and Mutations
30.3 Testing and Detection

Genetics involves the study of how characteristics and traits are passed on from parent to offspring through the transmission of genes. It encompasses the understanding of the structure, function, and behavior of genes, as well as how they interact with each other and the environment to influence organisms’ physical and biological traits. These traits include everything from eye color and height to susceptibility to certain diseases and conditions.

In nursing practice, a comprehensive understanding of genetics and genomics is crucial. Genetics focuses on the role of individual genes and their impact on health and disease, whereas genomics involves the study of all of a person’s genes, including interactions among genes and between genes and the environment. These fields are integral to comprehending how genetic variations affect patient care, influence disease risk, and determine responses to treatment. This knowledge is essential for nurses to provide personalized care, to educate patients about their genetic risks, and to guide patients in making informed decisions about genetic testing and interventions.

This chapter will provide an in-depth overview of genetics and genomics, including fundamental concepts and the latest advancements in the field. It will explore how genetic and genomic information is used in clinical practice, including risk assessment, diagnostic testing, and the development of individualized care plans. The module will also cover genetic and genomic information’s ethical, legal, and social implications, preparing nurses to address these complex issues with sensitivity and professionalism. By understanding the principles of genetics and genomics, nurses will be better equipped to improve patient outcomes and contribute to the advancement of health care.

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