Acevedo, H., Rahman, M., & Moreno, M. (2023, April 9). Sonography 3rd trimester and placenta assessment, protocols, and interpretation. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK572062/
Adekanmi, A. J., Roberts, A., Morhason-Bello, I. O., & Adeyinka, A. O. (2022, February 28). Utilization of uterine and umbilical artery Doppler in the second and third trimesters to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes: A Nigerian experience. Women’s Health Reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.), 3(1), 256–266. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8896215
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2017a, June). Ultrasound exams. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/ultrasound-exams
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2017b). Committee Opinion No. 723: Guidelines for diagnostic imaging during pregnancy and lactation. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2017/10/guidelines-for-diagnostic-imaging-during-pregnancy-and-lactation
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2019a, May). Special tests for monitoring fetal well-being. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/special-tests-for-monitoring-fetal-well-being
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2019b). Prenatal genetic testing chart. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/infographics/prenatal-genetic-testing-chart
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020a, December). Carrier screening. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/carrier-screening
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020b). Non-invasive prenatal testing. https://www.acog.org/advocacy/policy-priorities/non-invasive-prenatal-testing
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020c). Prenatal genetic screening tests. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/prenatal-genetic-screening-tests
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2021a, March). Amniocentesis. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/amniocentesis
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2021b, May). Bleeding during pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/bleeding-during-pregnancy
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2021c, June). ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 229: Antepartum fetal surveillance.Obstetrics & Gynecology, 137 (6), e116 e127. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34011889/
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2021d, June). Committee Opinion No. 828: Indications for outpatient antenatal fetal surveillance. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2021/06/indications-for-outpatient-antenatal-fetal-surveillance
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2021e, June). Viral hepatitis in pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/hepatitis-b-and-hepatitis-c-in-pregnancy
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2022a, June). The Rh factor: How it can affect your pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/the-rh-factor-how-it-can-affect-your-pregnancy
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2022b, July). Obstetric Care Consensus No. 11: Pregnancy at age 35 years or older. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/obstetric-care-consensus/articles/2022/08/pregnancy-at-age-35-years-or-older
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2023). Current ACOG Guidance: NIPT summary of recommendations. https://www.acog.org/advocacy/policy-priorities/non-invasive-prenatal-testing/current-acog-guidance
Burd, I., Zieve, D., & Ogilvie, I. (2016, May 16). Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling, series—Normal anatomy. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/presentations/100196_1.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, February 16). Viral hepatitis: Perinatal transmission. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/perinatalxmtn.htm
Chen, Y., Wu, B., Chen, Y., Ning, W., & Zhang, H. (2022). A risk model for predicting fetuses with trisomy 21 using alpha-fetoprotein variants L2 combined with maternal serum biomarkers in early pregnancy. Reproductive Sciences, 29(4), 1287–1295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-021-00762-5
Correa-de-Araujo, R., & Yoon, S. S. S. (2021, February). Clinical outcomes in high-risk pregnancies due to advanced maternal age. Journal of Women’s Health, 30(2), 160–167. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020515/
East, C. E., Smyth, R. M. D., Leader, L. R., Henshall, N. E., Colditz, P. B., Lau, R., & Tan, K. H. (2013, January 31). Vibroacoustic stimulation for fetal assessment in labour in the presence of a nonreassuring fetal heart rate trace. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7212002/
Fuentes, A. (Ed.). (2018, August). Prenatal test: Multiple marker test [for parents]. Nemours. KidsHealth. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/prenatal-multiple-marker.html
Gatta, G., Grezia, G., Cuccurullo, V., Sardu, C., Iovino, F., Comune, R., Ruggeiro, A., Chirico, M., Forgia, D., Fanizzi, A., Massafra, R., Belfiore, M., Falco, G., Reginelli, A., Brunese, L., Grassi, R., Cappabianca, S., & Viola, L. (2022, January). MRI in pregnancy and precision medicine: A review from literature. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(1), 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8778056/
Gordon, S., Umandap, C., & Langaker, M. (2023, January 16). Prenatal genetic screening. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557702/
Jabaz, D., & Abed, M. (2023, May 22). Sonography 2nd trimester assessment, protocols, and interpretation. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK570574/
Jones, T. M., & Montero, F. J. (2022, December 11). Chorionic villus sampling. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563301/
Kaiser Permanente. (n.d.). Counting kicks. https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/maternity/third-trimester/count-the-kicks
Lord, M. Marino, S., & Kole, M. (2023, March). Amniotic fluid index. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441881/
Maulik, D. (2022, May). Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery for fetal surveillance in singleton pregnancies. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/doppler-ultrasound-of-the-umbilical-artery-for-fetal-surveillance-in-singleton-pregnancies
Mount Sinai Health System. (2022). Nuchal translucency test. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/nuchal-translucency-test
Murphy, A. (2023, March). Umbilical arterial Doppler assessment. Radiopaedia. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/umbilical-arterial-doppler-assessment?lang=us
Murugan, V. A., Murphy, B. O., Dupuis, C., Goldstein, A., & Kim, Y. H. (2020). Role of ultrasound in the evaluation of first-trimester pregnancies in the acute setting. Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea), 39(2), 178–189. https://doi.org/10.14366/usg.19043
Nguyen, T. P. (Ed.). (2022, July). Prenatal tests: Second trimester [for parents]. Nemours. KidsHealth. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/tests-second-trimester.html
Palka, C., Guanciali-Franchi, P., Morizio, E., Afonsi, M., Papponetti, M., Sabbatinelli, G., Palka, G., Calabrese, G., & Benn, P. (2019, May 18). Non-invasive prenatal screening: A 20-year experience in Italy. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X, 3, 100050. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161319300857
Ramirez-Montiel, M. L., Casillas-Barrera, M., Morales-Morales, M. P., Ortiz, M. I., Lopez de Lara-Diaz de Leon, O., Carrasco-Blancas, E. R., & Morales, L. R. (2017). Complications associated with amniocentesis in the third trimester of pregnancy. Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics, 6(2), 34–36. https://www.jcgo.org/index.php/JCGO/article/view/452
Raymond, Y. C., Fernando, S., Menezes, M., Meagher, S., Mol, B. W., McLennan, A., Scott, F., Mizia, K., Carey, K., Fleming, G., & Rolnik, D. L. (2022). Cell-free DNA screening for rare autosomal trisomies and segmental chromosome imbalances. Prenatal Diagnosis, 42(11), 1349–1357. https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.6233
Ruano, R., & Vega, B. (2019). Fetal surgery: How recent technological advancements are extending its applications. Expert Review of Medical Devices, 16(8), 643–645. https://doi.org/10.1080/17434440.2019.1641404
Sapoval, J., Singh, V., Carter, R. E. (2023, January 16). Ultrasound biophysical profile. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539866/
Shiefa, S., Amargandhi, M., Bhupendra, J., Moulali, S., & Kristine, T. (2013, January). First trimester maternal serum screening using biochemical markers papp-A and free β-hcg for Down syndrome, Patau syndrome and Edward syndrome. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry , 28(1), 3–12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3547446/
Srisuro A. (2022, April). The top 6 pregnancy questions I hear from first-time moms. ACOG. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/experts-and-stories/the-latest/the-top-6-pregnancy-questions-i-hear-from-first-time-moms
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2021a, August). Nonstress test. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/nonstress-test/
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2021b). Prenatal cell-free DNA screening. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/prenatal-cell-free-dna-screening/
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2022a, April 19). Monitoring your baby before labor. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000485.htm
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2022b, May 16). Amniocentesis (amniotic fluid test). MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/amniocentesis-amniotic-fluid-test/
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2022c, July 22). Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) test. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/alpha-fetoprotein-afp-test/
U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2022d, November 8). Down syndrome tests. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/down-syndrome-tests/
William, W. A., Nelson, G., & Grogan, S. P. (2023, July 31). Sonography 1st trimester assessment, protocols, and interpretation. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK573070/
Yoham, A., & Casadesus, D. (2023, May 22). Rho(D) Immune Globulin. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557884/