Skip to ContentGo to accessibility pageKeyboard shortcuts menu
OpenStax Logo

———. The Republic. Translated by Allan Bloom. New York: Basic Books, 1968.

Adler, Joseph A. 2006. “Daughter/Wife/Mother or Sage/Immortal/Bodhisattva? Women in the Teaching of Chinese Religions.” ASIANetwork Exchange 14 (2): 11–16.

American Associate of University Professors (AAUP). 2018. “Data Snapshot: Contingent Faculty in US Higher Ed.” October 11, 2018. https://www.aaup.org/sites/default/files/10112018%20Data%20Snapshot%20Tenure.pdf.

Cheng, Julia. 1983. “The Ancient Sages (sheng): Their Identity and Their Place in Chinese Intellectual History.” Oriens Extremus 30:1–18.

Chideya, Farai. 2015. “Philosophers Don’t Get Much Respect, But Their Earnings Don’t Suck.” FiveThirtyEight. November 11, 2015. https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/philosophers-dont-get-much-respect-but-their-earnings-dont-suck/.

Descartes, René. “The Rules for the Direction of the Mind.” The Philosophical Writings of Descartes. Translated and edited by John Cottingham, Robert Stoothoff, and Dugald Murdoch, 7–78. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Diogenes Laërtius. (1925) 1972. Lives of Eminent Philosophers. Translated by R. D. Hicks. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0004.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.prologue

King, Martin Luther, Jr. 1963. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” April 16, 1963. https://letterfromjail.com/.

McCarthy, Julie. 2015. “Fasting to the Death: Is It a Religious Rite or Suicide?” NPR. September 2, 2015. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/09/02/436820789/fasting-to-the-death-is-it-a-religious-rite-or-suicide.

Moore, G. E. 1939. “Proof of an External World.” Proceedings of the British Academy 25:273–300.

Oruka, Henry Odera. 1990. Sage Philosophy: Indigenous Thinkers and Modern Debate on African Philosophy. Nairobi: African Center for Technological Studies (ACTS) Press; also published by Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.

Plato. Apology, translated by Benjamin Jowett. http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/apology.html

Plato. Apology. Translated by Benjamin Jowett. http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/apology.html.

Rout, Naresh. 2016. “Role of Women in Ancient India.” Odisha Review, 72 (6): 42–47.

Sellars, Wilfred. 1962. “Philosophy in the Scientific Image of Man.” In Frontiers of Science and Philosophy, edited by Robert Colodny, 35–78. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh.

Waithe, Mary Ellen, ed. 1987. A History of Women Philosophers, Vol. I: Ancient Women Philosophers, 600 BC–500 AD. Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.

Zhang, Fenzhi. 2015. Xi Jinping: How to Read Confucius and Other Chinese Classical Thinkers. Beijing: CN Times Books.

Citation/Attribution

This book may not be used in the training of large language models or otherwise be ingested into large language models or generative AI offerings without OpenStax's permission.

Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Creative Commons Attribution License and you must attribute OpenStax.

Attribution information
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, then you must include on every physical page the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-philosophy/pages/1-introduction
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-philosophy/pages/1-introduction
Citation information

© Mar 1, 2024 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written consent of Rice University.