Key Terms

Key Terms

3-D printing

(also: additive manufacturing) process of designing static objects in three dimensions through additive processes in which successive layers of material are laid down under computer control

4-D printing

provides the capability of programming the fundamental materials used in 3-D printing by creating objects that can change their form or function after fabrication

accessibility

addresses discriminatory aspects related to equivalent user experience for people with disabilities

artificial human

machine with biological parts added

augmented reality (AR)

interactive experience that supplements the real world with virtual (computer-generated) objects that appear to coexist in the same space as the real world

base container image

foundational layer of a container provided by the cloud provider to build an application

biomimetic robotics

focused on the design of robots that leverage principles that are common in nature such as what can be learned from the evolution and development of intelligence in animals and humans

block storage

manages data as blocks or physical range of storage in a physical device such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe)

blockchain network

peer-to-peer network that allows people and organizations who may not know one another to trust and independently verify the records of financial and other transactions

bring your own cloud (BYOC) solution

structure in which organizations allow employees or users to freely decide on the cloud vendor that best suits their tasks rather than standardizing a single specific provider

cognitive robotics

field of creating robots that can think, perceive, learn, remember, reason, and interact

compute service

infrastructure component that enables users to obtain access to a private computing environment

container management services

way to encapsulate an application with any operating system’s library that is required for an application to operate

container registry (CR)

registry where users can control each container image they deploy into the cloud environment

cyborg

biological human with parts replaced with machinery

deep machine learning

type of machine learning that has many neuron layers

extended reality (XR; also: mixed reality [MR])

reality service technology that involves both real and virtual environments

file storage

storage service that manages data as files

inclusion

ensures that diverse communities can make use of solutions regardless of their location, culture, and other differentiating traits, habits, or interests

intelligent autonomous networked supersystems (IANS)

intelligent chains of autonomous machines that work together as a system to make decisions and take actions

logging and monitoring management

common web and mobile cloud component that allows developers to centralize all logging data and provide a comprehensive view of all events happening with an application at any moment

mashup

web-based application that combines features from two or more sources to present a new service

mixed reality (MR; also: extended reality [XR])

reality service technology that involves both real and virtual environments

mobile robot

robot that can navigate from one position to another

multicloud solution

mesh of several different computing environments to form a flexible working environment

nanotechnology

focuses on matter at the molecular level to create structures and devices that are about 1 to 100 nm in size with fundamentally new organization, properties, and performance

neuroinformatics

study of how to build a computer that can mimic basic human brain functions

neuromorphic computing

relies on a hardware architecture that models how the human brain uses neurons

NoSQL database

database management service in which the relationship between data is not strictly managed, often under key/value pair

object storage

(also: blob storage) manages data as blobs, with each blob representing any data format

quantum computer

machine that performs calculations based on the laws and principles of quantum mechanics

relational database service (RDS)

database management service in which the relationship between data is strictly managed, often under a predefined data schema; most common type of database and includes Oracle DB, MySQL, and PostgreSQL

robot manipulator

physical tool that operates at a fixed location to catch and move items

robotics

science that focuses on the design, development, operation, and use of robots along with the computers that facilitate their control, monitor their sensing abilities, and process related information

secret and configuration management

stores and manages sensitive information securely, while allowing the application to be scaled and deployed on different environments on the cloud.

shallow machine learning

type of machine learning that has few layers of neurons

software development kit (SDK)

used to access storage needed to read, write, and store data

spot/not urgent compute service

enables the user to get a task done, but keeps costs low by allowing the cloud provider to run the task without urgency when the time is convenient and cost-effective

storage access point

critical component in cloud architecture that ensures latency to enable users to consume data

storage service

base infrastructure components that a cloud provider would provide that allow the user and the application to read, write, and access storage

telecommand

category of IoT network traffic that sends commands across a network to control devices or sensors

telemetry

category of IoT network traffic that aggregates data generated by sensors and devices and sends it to a server

virtual compute service

enables the user to request an environment to do tasks and then shut it down to release the resource back to the cloud provider

virtual functional and serverless compute service

application that runs in the compute environment, is executed as the function, and is then shut down when the task is completed

virtual reality (VR)

simulated experience that immerses a user in a computer-generated, interactive, 3-D environment