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Key Terms

3-D printing
(also: additive manufacturing) process of designing static objects in three dimensions through additive processes in which successive layers of material are laid down under computer control
4-D printing
provides the capability of programming the fundamental materials used in 3-D printing by creating objects that can change their form or function after fabrication
accessibility
addresses discriminatory aspects related to equivalent user experience for people with disabilities
artificial human
machine with biological parts added
augmented reality (AR)
interactive experience that supplements the real world with virtual (computer-generated) objects that appear to coexist in the same space as the real world
base container image
foundational layer of a container provided by the cloud provider to build an application
biomimetic robotics
focused on the design of robots that leverage principles that are common in nature such as what can be learned from the evolution and development of intelligence in animals and humans
block storage
manages data as blocks or physical range of storage in a physical device such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe)
blockchain network
peer-to-peer network that allows people and organizations who may not know one another to trust and independently verify the records of financial and other transactions
bring your own cloud (BYOC) solution
structure in which organizations allow employees or users to freely decide on the cloud vendor that best suits their tasks rather than standardizing a single specific provider
cognitive robotics
field of creating robots that can think, perceive, learn, remember, reason, and interact
compute service
infrastructure component that enables users to obtain access to a private computing environment
container management services
way to encapsulate an application with any operating system’s library that is required for an application to operate
container registry (CR)
registry where users can control each container image they deploy into the cloud environment
cyborg
biological human with parts replaced with machinery
deep machine learning
type of machine learning that has many neuron layers
extended reality (XR; also: mixed reality [MR])
reality service technology that involves both real and virtual environments
file storage
storage service that manages data as files
inclusion
ensures that diverse communities can make use of solutions regardless of their location, culture, and other differentiating traits, habits, or interests
intelligent autonomous networked supersystems (IANS)
intelligent chains of autonomous machines that work together as a system to make decisions and take actions
logging and monitoring management
common web and mobile cloud component that allows developers to centralize all logging data and provide a comprehensive view of all events happening with an application at any moment
mashup
web-based application that combines features from two or more sources to present a new service
mixed reality (MR; also: extended reality [XR])
reality service technology that involves both real and virtual environments
mobile robot
robot that can navigate from one position to another
multicloud solution
mesh of several different computing environments to form a flexible working environment
nanotechnology
focuses on matter at the molecular level to create structures and devices that are about 1 to 100 nm in size with fundamentally new organization, properties, and performance
neuroinformatics
study of how to build a computer that can mimic basic human brain functions
neuromorphic computing
relies on a hardware architecture that models how the human brain uses neurons
NoSQL database
database management service in which the relationship between data is not strictly managed, often under key/value pair
object storage
(also: blob storage) manages data as blobs, with each blob representing any data format
quantum computer
machine that performs calculations based on the laws and principles of quantum mechanics
relational database service (RDS)
database management service in which the relationship between data is strictly managed, often under a predefined data schema; most common type of database and includes Oracle DB, MySQL, and PostgreSQL
robot manipulator
physical tool that operates at a fixed location to catch and move items
robotics
science that focuses on the design, development, operation, and use of robots along with the computers that facilitate their control, monitor their sensing abilities, and process related information
secret and configuration management
stores and manages sensitive information securely, while allowing the application to be scaled and deployed on different environments on the cloud.
shallow machine learning
type of machine learning that has few layers of neurons
software development kit (SDK)
used to access storage needed to read, write, and store data
spot/not urgent compute service
enables the user to get a task done, but keeps costs low by allowing the cloud provider to run the task without urgency when the time is convenient and cost-effective
storage access point
critical component in cloud architecture that ensures latency to enable users to consume data
storage service
base infrastructure components that a cloud provider would provide that allow the user and the application to read, write, and access storage
telecommand
category of IoT network traffic that sends commands across a network to control devices or sensors
telemetry
category of IoT network traffic that aggregates data generated by sensors and devices and sends it to a server
virtual compute service
enables the user to request an environment to do tasks and then shut it down to release the resource back to the cloud provider
virtual functional and serverless compute service
application that runs in the compute environment, is executed as the function, and is then shut down when the task is completed
virtual reality (VR)
simulated experience that immerses a user in a computer-generated, interactive, 3-D environment
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