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Fundamentals of Nursing

Review Questions

Fundamentals of NursingReview Questions

Review Questions

1 .
Identify the difference between disability and impairment.
  1. Impairment is the functional restriction of ability; disability is the restriction of ability within an expected range and in a specific environment.
  2. Impairment is related to physical dysfunction; disability refers to cognitive dysfunction.
  3. Impairment can be cured; disability cannot be cured.
  4. Impairment does not change over time; disability may progress over time.
2 .
A nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with a significant vision impairment. What would be most appropriate question for determining whether the patient has an associated mobility disability?
  1. Have you had any recent falls?
  2. Where is your walker?
  3. Have you followed up with your eye doctor recently?
  4. Do you experience headaches?
3 .
The incidence of disability in the adult U.S. population is ________ percent, with the rate being even higher at ________ percent in older adults.
  1. 50%, 60%
  2. 20%, 50%
  3. 25%, 40%
  4. 35%, 40%
4 .
A home health nurse is doing an initial assessment for an older adult living independently. Because the patient uses a wheeled walker, due to severe rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse knows the assessment must consider possible challenges for the patient. What activities would be critical for the nurse to assess?
  1. lifting, carrying objects, navigating stairs, eating
  2. walking, reading, eating, lifting
  3. navigating stairs, reading, eating, walking
  4. navigating stairs, carrying objects, gripping, walking
5 .
The nurse cares for a patient with Down syndrome. The nursing care plan should include considerations that address what type of disability?
  1. mobility
  2. psychiatric
  3. developmental
  4. acquired
6 .
An adult patient is admitted to a rehabilitation center after sustaining a TBI in a car accident. His neurologist expects that rehabilitation will help the patient make continual improvement in his functioning as he works toward regaining function. What models of disability is the neurologist working under?
  1. medical, social
  2. biopsychosocial, medical
  3. social, rehabilitation
  4. medical, rehabilitation
7 .
What model of disability considers the underlying cause of disability, how the individual functions in society, and the effect of disability on the individual patient?
  1. rehabilitation model
  2. medical model
  3. biopsychosocial model
  4. social model
8 .
What communication technique indicates the nurse is not considering an individual’s hearing impairment?
  1. The nurse is facing the computer screen during the interview.
  2. The nurse takes care to speak clearly.
  3. The nurse repeats the instructions several times.
  4. The nurse asks if the hearing aids are working correctly when she notices the patient has trouble hearing.
9 .
A patient’s family member asks what legislation protects her son from discrimination when receiving health care. The nurse knows that the ________ protects individuals from discrimination in facilities receiving financial assistance from the federal government.
  1. ADA
  2. IDEA
  3. Department of Justice
  4. Rehabilitation Act
10 .
A nurse notices that her coworker makes negative comments about American Indian patients and that this coworker tries to avoid providing care for these specific patients. The nurse recognizes that this co-worker may be expressing which of the following?
  1. prejudice
  2. structural barrier
  3. stigma
  4. blaming
11 .
The nurse cares for a patient with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The patient is struggling with fatigue, social withdrawal, negative self-image, and anxiety. What does the nurse recognize that in addition to these chronic biomedical diseases, this patient is experiencing?
  1. arthritis
  2. pain
  3. disease progression
  4. chronic illness
12 .
Chronic conditions are defined by persistent symptoms or biomedical diseases that require ongoing medical treatments and interventions for what minimum length of time?
  1. 3 months
  2. 2 years
  3. 1 year
  4. 6 months
13 .
The vast majority of chronic conditions result from a few risk factors. What risk factors are associated with the vast majority of chronic conditions?
  1. smoking, poor nutrition, injuries
  2. smoking, sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition
  3. smoking, sedentary lifestyle, injuries
  4. smoking, injuries, excess alcohol intake
14 .
What is an essential concept in understanding chronic conditions of the immune system?
  1. Viruses cause most chronic immune conditions.
  2. Immune deficiency and an overactive immune system result in disorders with similar symptoms.
  3. Autoimmune disorders result from the body’s immune system attacking its cells and organs.
  4. Immune disorders are easily recognizable by a typical set of symptoms.
15 .
In what body regions do endocrine organs reside?
  1. chest, abdomen, brain, neck
  2. chest, neck, brain, and bone marrow
  3. neck, brain, bone marrow, pelvis
  4. brain, abdomen, pelvis, spleen
16 .
What concept of ethics in chronic disease care ensures patients maintain control in their care and treatment?
  1. autonomy
  2. beneficence
  3. nonmaleficence
  4. multimorbidity
17 .
How can a nurse advocate for family members of patients with chronic conditions?
  1. by taking over care
  2. by referring to a specialist
  3. by advocating for respite care
  4. encouraging long-term care placement
18 .
What is an essential concept in helping patients manage multiple chronic conditions?
  1. The nurse must always include the family in decision-making.
  2. The nurse understands that the specialist will provide the medication and treatment education.
  3. The nurse makes a referral to a specialist for a patient with borderline HTN but not an additional disorder.
  4. The nurse can explain the overlap among chronic diseases, causes, and treatments.
19 .
A functional assessment includes an evaluation of what factor(s)?
  1. vital signs
  2. depression screening
  3. lung sounds
  4. mobility
20 .
Nurses can easily create a patient-centered and supportive care atmosphere by including what actions?
  1. exercise compassion, identify areas for growth, provide education
  2. create a sense of safety, use active listening, document vital signs
  3. update the medication list, build confidence, use encouraging words
  4. explain medication interactions, identify areas for growth, practice beneficence
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