Skip to ContentGo to accessibility pageKeyboard shortcuts menu
OpenStax Logo

Ahmad, S. A., Brito, D., Khalid, N., & Ibrahim, M. A. (2023). Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430798/

Akdeniz, M., Yardimici, B., & Kavukcu, E. (2021). Ethical considerations at the end-of-life-care. Sage Open Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F20503121211000918

American Cancer Society. (2023). Grief and bereavement. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/end-of-life-care/grief-and-loss/grieving-process.html

Anderson, D., & De Souza, J. (2021). The importance and meaning of prayer rituals at the end of life. BJN: British Journal of Nursing, 30(1). https://www.britishjournalofnursing.com/content/clinical/the-importance-and-meaning-of-prayer-rituals-at-the-end-of-life/

Blundon, E. G., Gallagher, R. E., & Ward, L. M. (2020). Electrophysiological evidence of preserved hearing at the end of life. Scientific Reports, 10, 10336. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67234-9, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67234-9

Cancer.net. (2022, July). Coping with grief. https://www.cancer.net/coping-with-cancer/managing-emotions/grief-and-loss/coping-with-grief

CDC. (2023a). Accidents and unintentional injuries. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/accidental-injury.htm

CDC. (2023b). Assault or homicide. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/homicide.htm

CDC. (2023c). Leading causes of death. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/leading-causes-of-death.htm

Cherny, N. (2024). Palliative sedation. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/palliative-sedation

Child Care Resource Center. (n.d.). Understanding maturational and situational losses. https://childcareresourcecenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Understanding-Maturational-Situational-Losses-Tip-Sheet.pdf

Cleveland Clinic. (2022). Why do we cry? The truth behind your tears. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/tears-why-we-cry-and-more-infographic/

Death with Dignity. (n.d.). Frequently asked questions. https://deathwithdignity.org/resources/faqs/

Ellis, J., Dowrick, C., & Lloyd-Williams, M. (2013). The long-term impact of early parental death: Lessons from a narrative study. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 106(2), 57–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076812472623

Family Doctor.org. (2023). Advance directives and do not resuscitate orders. https://familydoctor.org/advance-directives-and-do-not-resuscitate-orders/

Fan, S. Y., Wang, Y. W., & Lin, I. M. (2018). Allow natural death versus do-not-resuscitate titles, information contents, outcomes, and the considerations related to do-not-resuscitate decision. BMC Palliative Care, 17(114). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-018-0367-4

Gao, Y., Yanping, W., Yang, W., Jiang, L, Li, X., Ding, J., & Ding, G. (2018). The effectiveness of music therapy for terminally ill patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Open Archive, 57(2), 319–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.10.504

Health Resources & Services Administration (HRSA). (2024). What can be donated? https://www.organdonor.gov/learn/what-can-be-donated

HealthyChildren.org. (2015). How children understand death and what you should say. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/healthy-living/emotional-wellness/Building-Resilience/Pages/How-Children-Understand-Death-What-You-Should-Say.aspx

HealthyChildren.org. (2023). Coping with a child’s death: AAP policy explained. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/Pages/coping-with-a-childs-death-aap-policy-explained.aspx

Hospice Foundation of America. (2023). Signs of approaching death. https://hospicefoundation.org/Hospice-Care/Signs-of-Approaching-Death

Hospice Foundation of America. (n.d.). Anger and grief. https://hospicefoundation.org/End-of-Life-Support-and-Resources/Grief-Support/Journeys-with-Grief-Articles/Anger-and-Grief

Mayo Clinic. (2023). Chronic stress puts your health at risk. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/stress/art-20046037

National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO). (2019). Palliative care or hospice? https://www.nhpco.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/PalliativeCare_VS_Hospice.pdf

National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO). (2023). NHPCO facts and figures 2023 edition. https://www.nhpco.org/wp-content/uploads/NHPCO-Facts-Figures-2023.pdf

National Institute on Aging. (2021). What are palliative care and hospice care? https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/hospice-and-palliative-care/what-are-palliative-care-and-hospice-care

National Institute on Aging. (2022). Providing care and comfort at the end of life. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/end-life/providing-care-and-comfort-end-life

National POLST. (n.d.). Honoring the wishes of those with serious illness and frailty. https://polst.org/

National Safety Council (NCS). (2021). Deaths by demographics. https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/all-injuries/deaths-by-demographics/deaths-by-age/data-details/

Naveen, S., Gursahani, R., Mathur, R., Iyer, S., Macaden, S., Simha, N., Mani, R., & Rajagopal, M. (2018). Definition of terms used in limitation of treatment and providing palliative care at the end of life: The Indian council of medical research commission report. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 22(4), 249–262. 10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_165_18

Oates, J. R., & Maani-Fogelman, P. A. (2022). Nursing grief and loss. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK518989/

Registered Nursing. (2023, October 1). Grief and loss: NCLEX-RN. https://www.registerednursing.org/nclex/grief-loss/

Science Daily. (2020). Hearing persists and the end of life. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200708105935.htm

Slovis, C. M., McKinney, J., Brywczynski, J., & Lardaro, T. (2015). Five common causes of sudden unexpected death every EMS provider should know. Journal of Emergency Medical Services. https://www.jems.com/patient-care/five-common-causes-sudden-unexpected-dea/

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2022). Voluntary euthanasia. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/euthanasia-voluntary/

Tark, A., Agarwal, M., Dick, A. W., & Stone, P. W. (2019). Variations in physician orders for life-sustaining treatment program across the nation: Environmental scan. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 22(9), 1032–1038. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2018.0626

The University of Texas at Austin Counseling and Mental Health Center. (n.d.). Grief and loss. https://cmhc.utexas.edu/griefloss.html

Thellier, D., Delannoy, P. Y., Robineau, O., Meybeck, A., Boussekey, N., Chiche, A., Leroy, O., & Georges, H. (2017). Comparison of terminal extubation and terminal weaning as mechanical ventilation withdrawal in ICU patients. Minerva Anestesiologica, 83(4), 375–382. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0375-9393.16.11468-3

Traditions Health. (2022, September). What are the three stages of dying? https://www.traditionshealth.com/blog/what-are-the-3-stages-of-dying/

Tyrrell, P., Harberger, S., Schoo, C., & Siddiqui, W. (2023). Kubler-Ross stages of dying and subsequent models of grief. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507885/

University of Rochester Medical Center. (n.d.). Hospice and palliative care: Signs and Symptoms of approaching death. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=34&contentid=23507-1

Vitas Healthcare. (n.d.). Experiencing grief as a teenager. https://www.vitas.com/family-and-caregiver-support/grief-and-bereavement/children-and-grief/experiencing-grief-as-a-teenager

Vranick, J., Sanghavi, D. K., Torp, K. D., & Stanton, M. (2022). Do not resuscitate. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470163/

Wakefield, D., et al. (2018). Patient empowerment, what does it mean for adults in the advanced stages of a life-limiting illness: A systematic review using critical interpretive synthesis. Palliative Medicine, 32(8), 1288–1304. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0269216318783919

World Population Review. (2023). Death with dignity. https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/death-with-dignity-states

Citation/Attribution

This book may not be used in the training of large language models or otherwise be ingested into large language models or generative AI offerings without OpenStax's permission.

Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Creative Commons Attribution License and you must attribute OpenStax.

Attribution information
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, then you must include on every physical page the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/fundamentals-nursing/pages/1-introduction
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/fundamentals-nursing/pages/1-introduction
Citation information

© Aug 20, 2024 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written consent of Rice University.