Introduction

Loss and grief are universal human experiences that can trigger deep emotions and feelings. Yet the experience of loss and the ensuing grief response varies significantly from person to person and is influenced by physical changes, cognitive changes, cultural norms, personal beliefs, and family values. Having a deep understanding of the pathophysiology of death and the related social-emotional effects on patients, families, and healthcare providers allows nurses to support individuals and families through this process effectively. Researchers have developed conceptualizations of grief that help nurses establish care plans for patients during any stage in the grieving process. With these tools, nurses can personalize care for individuals coping with loss and experiencing grief at any level.

Regardless of their specialty or level of experience, nurses inevitably face situations involving death and dying, whether it be from terminal illnesses, expected outcomes, or unforeseen events. Additionally, nurses frequently play a crucial role in supporting individuals dealing with acute or chronic grief. It is essential for nurses to possess emotional awareness and emotional intelligence when tending to patients undergoing the dying process, those expecting impending loss, and those going through the grieving process. Nurses must be equipped to navigate intricate discussions, remain composed, and effectively address emotions such as anger, guilt, sadness, and fear.