- archaea
- fish
- protists
- plants
- Bacteria lack rigid structures, thus make the study of fossils difficult.
- Bacteria have rigid structures, but their fossil impression is scarce.
- Fossils of bacteria are rarely found because bacteria were not abundant in the past.
- A fossil of bacteria changes overtime due to the presence of new bacteria living on them.
Pictured are two cells along with their radius. What does cell B likely have when compared to cell A?
- smaller surface area and larger volume
- larger surface area and smaller volume
- smaller surface area-to-volume ratio
- larger surface area-to-volume ratio
Consider the shapes. The diameter of the sphere is equal to 1mm and the side of the cube is also equal to 1mm. Which has a greater volume? Which has a greater surface area?
- The cube has the greater volume and greater surface area.
- The sphere has greater surface area and the cube has the greater volume.
- The sphere has the greater surface area and greater volume
- The cube has the greater volume, and they have the same surface area.
Which of the following is true regarding the surface-to-volume ratios of the cube and the sphere when the diameter of the sphere is equal to the side of the cube?
- The sphere will have a higher surface area than the cube.
- The cube will have twice the surface area of the sphere.
- The sphere will have a lower surface area-to-volume ratio than the cube
- The surface area to volume ratios will be equal
- The sphere will have a lower surface area-to-volume ratio than the cube.

- The cell must be large enough to fight the pathogens
- The cell must be large enough to attach to a substrate.
- The lower limit should be small enough, for the cell to move in the fluid efficiently.
- The cell size must be small as to fit all the processes and structures to support life.
- centriole
- cytoplasmic membrane
- Golgi apparatus
- nucleus
Why does the structure of the cytoplasmic membrane point to a common ancestor of all life?
- All living cells use ATP.
- There is a similar arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in all branches of life.
- The lipid nature of the membrane makes it the most primitive trait because lipids are the most basic macromolecule.
- It does not. Archaea broke off first from all other life as evidenced by their lack of a cytoplasmic membrane.
- centrioles
- chloroplasts
- mitochondria
- peroxisome
- chloroplast
- lysosome
- nucleus
- peroxisome
- The cell has a cell wall.
- The cell has a flagellum.
- The cell does not have a nucleus.
- The cell has a negative gram stain.
- This organism shows simple diffusion for the uptake of nutrients, and is thus classified as a bacterium.
- This organism does not show presence of any cell organelles, and thus is classified as a bacterium.
- The existence of these organisms in long chains and pearl appearance classifies them as bacteria.
- The organism has chloroplasts but lacks mitochondria, and therefore is classified as a bacterium.
- endoplasmic reticulum - lysosomes - Golgi body - vesicle - extracellular region
- endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - Golgi body - vesicles - extracellular region
- Golgi Body - vesicles - endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - extracellular region
- nucleus - endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi body - vesicle - extracellular region
- cytoskeleton
- nucleus
- smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- fimbriae only
- flagella only
- flagella and fimbriae
- plasmid and capsule
- Cells use cilia to move nutrients to their surface.
- Cells grow much larger than adjacent cells to increase intake
- Cells are flat and thin to absorb more nutrients.
- Membrane folds called microvilli increase the surface area.