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archaea
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fish
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protists
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plants
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Bacteria lack rigid structures, thus make the study of fossils difficult.
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Bacteria have rigid structures, but their fossil impression is scarce.
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Fossils of bacteria are rarely found because bacteria were not abundant in the past.
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A fossil of bacteria changes overtime due to the presence of new bacteria living on them.
Pictured are two cells along with their radius. What does cell B likely have when compared to cell A?
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smaller surface area and larger volume
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larger surface area and smaller volume
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smaller surface area-to-volume ratio
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larger surface area-to-volume ratio
Consider the shapes. The diameter of the sphere is equal to 1mm and the side of the cube is also equal to 1mm. Which has a greater volume? Which has a greater surface area?
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The cube has the greater volume and greater surface area.
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The sphere has greater surface area and the cube has the greater volume.
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The sphere has the greater surface area and greater volume
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The cube has the greater volume, and they have the same surface area.
Which of the following is true regarding the surface-to-volume ratios of the cube and the sphere when the diameter of the sphere is equal to the side of the cube?
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The sphere will have a higher surface area than the cube.
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The cube will have twice the surface area of the sphere.
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The sphere will have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio than the cube.
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The surface area to volume ratios will be equal
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The sphere will have a lower surface area-to-volume ratio than the cube.

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The cell must be large enough to fight the pathogens
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The cell must be large enough to attach to a substrate.
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The lower limit should be small enough, for the cell to move in the fluid efficiently.
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The cell size must be small as to fit all the processes and structures to support life.
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centriole
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cytoplasmic membrane
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Golgi apparatus
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nucleus
Why does the structure of the cytoplasmic membrane point to a common ancestor of all life?
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All living cells use ATP.
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There is a similar arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in all branches of life.
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The lipid nature of the membrane makes it the most primitive trait because lipids are the most basic macromolecule.
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It does not. Archaea broke off first from all other life as evidenced by their lack of a cytoplasmic membrane.
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centrioles
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chloroplasts
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mitochondria
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peroxisome
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chloroplast
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lysosome
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nucleus
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peroxisome
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The cell has a cell wall.
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The cell has a flagellum.
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The cell does not have a nucleus.
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The cell has a negative gram stain.
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This organism shows simple diffusion for the uptake of nutrients, and is thus classified as a bacterium.
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This organism does not show presence of any membranous cell organelles, and thus is classified as a bacterium.
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The existence of these organisms in long chains and pearl appearance classifies them as bacteria.
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The organism has chloroplasts but lacks mitochondria, and therefore is classified as a bacterium.
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endoplasmic reticulum - lysosomes - Golgi body - vesicle - extracellular region
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endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - Golgi body - vesicles - extracellular region
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Golgi Body - vesicles - endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - extracellular region
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nucleus - endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi body - vesicle - extracellular region
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cytoskeleton
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nucleus
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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fimbriae only
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flagella only
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flagella and fimbriae
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plasmid and capsule
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Cells use cilia to move nutrients to their surface.
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Cells grow much larger than adjacent cells to increase intake
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Cells are flat and thin to absorb more nutrients.
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Membrane folds called microvilli increase the surface area.