1.
_____ is a type of general sense in humans.
- gustation
- olfaction
- proprioception
- equilibrium
2.
Suppose you burned your tongue and could not taste food for a day. Identify the sense affected.
- olfaction
- gustation
- proprioception
- kinesthesia
3.
State where perception occurs.
- spinal cord
- cerebral cortex
- receptors
- thalamus
4.
If a person’s cold receptors no longer convert cold sensory signals into electrical signals, that person has a problem with _____.
- reception
- the receptive field
- perception
- transduction
5.
What is the smallest difference in stimuli that can be detected?
- receptor potential
- sensory transduction
- just-noticeable difference
- perception
6.
In peppers, spicy heat is rated in SHUs, where 0 is the least amount of spicy heat. If the just-noticeable difference (JND) of the ability to perceive difference in heat detection for an individual is 30%, which of the following represents the JND of two different peppers?
- 8,500 vs 11,000 SHU
- 4,050 vs 15,000 SHU
- 15,000 vs 18,000 SHU
- 10,500 vs 15,000 SHU
7.
What is the role of sensory receptors in sensory perception?
- detection of specific stimuli
- sensation interpretation
- sending electrical signals to the cortex
- transmitting signals from the brain to the rest of the body
8.
Which mechanoreceptors in the skin are unencapsulated?
- Merkel’s disks
- Meissner’s corpuscles
- Ruffini endings
- Pacinian corpuscles
9.
If an individual is born without the ability to sense high-frequency vibrations, he may have been born with a mutation in a gene that codes for ______.
- Merkel’s disks
- Meissner’s corpuscles
- Ruffini endings
- Pacinian corpuscles
10.
If you were to burn your epidermis, what receptor type would most likely burn?
- free nerve endings
- Ruffini endings
- Pacinian corpuscles
- Krause end bulbs
11.
_____ are found only in _____ skin, and detect skin deflection.
- Meissner’s corpuscles, hairy
- Ruffini endings, glabrous
- Pacinian corpuscles, glabrous
- hair receptors, hairy
12.
To what does nociception respond?
- injured stimuli
- deep, fleeting pressure
- fine touch
- cold
13.
Why do peppers, which contain capsaicin, taste “hot?”
- Capsaicin is corrosive and damages tissue.
- Capsaicin contains large quantities of heat that are released upon ingestion.
- Capsaicin and warm receptors open the same calcium channels.
- Capsaicin stimulates Krause end bulbs.
14.
_____ are mechanoreceptors that facilitate proper gripping of objects.
- Merkel’s disks
- Meissner’s corpuscles
- Ruffini endings
- Pacinian corpuscles
15.
How many different taste molecules can an individual taste cell detect?
- one
- five
- depends on the type of taste receptor
- depends on the part of the tongue
16.
Describe how gustation and olfaction are similar.
- Both sense different stimuli in the environment.
- Both can have hundreds of millions of types of receptors.
- Both obtain stimuli from within the body.
- Signals from both are transmitted through the medulla.
17.
____ is the term for savoriness in food.
- gustation
- tastants
- umami
- pheromone
18.
If an individual becomes poisoned from eating excessive amounts of spoiled food, what kind of receptors might they lack?
- bitter
- sweet
- umami
- sour
19.
A typical dog has approximately how many times more olfactory receptors than a typical human?
- 2
- 8
- 83
- 333
20.
Which of the following is true of dog olfaction?
- Most dogs have 4 billion olfactory receptors.
- Bloodhounds have more receptors than humans, but humans have more receptors than most dogs.
- Rabbits and most dogs have the same number of olfactory receptors.
- Dogs bred for sense of smell can have four times more olfactory cells than most other dogs.
21.
Which of the following has the most taste receptors?
- fungiform papillae
- circumvallate papillae
- foliate papillae
- filiform papillae
22.
In sound, pitch is measured in _____, and volume is measured in _____.
- decibels (dB), hertz (Hz)
- decibels (dB), nanometers (nm)
- nanometers (nm), decibels (dB)
- hertz (Hz), decibels (dB)
23.
Identify the animal that would be affected by a 120,000 Hz sound.
- cat
- bat
- dolphin
- dog
24.
Louder sounds have a _____ compared with softer sounds.
- greater amplitude
- lower amplitude
- greater frequency
- lower frequency
25.
Which of the following is true of frequency?
- Frequency is heard as volume.
- Louder sounds have a higher frequency.
- Men hear higher frequencies than women.
- Frequency is measured in number of sound waves per unit time.
26.
The _____ contains receptors for transduction of mechanical waves to produce electrical signals.
- tympanum
- cochlea
- pinna
- stapes
27.
The _____ contains _____, which produces action potentials along the auditory nerve.
- incus, stapes
- ear canal, tympanum
- tympanum, oval window
- organ of Corti, stereocilia
28.
Identify the structure that is found both in the auditory system and the vestibular system.
- basilar membrane
- hair cells
- semicircular canals
- ossicles
29.
You are in a car that suddenly decelerates. Explain what happens inside the ear as the car comes to a stop.
- Fluid in the semicircular canals moves.
- Stereocilia are bent.
- Deceleration signals are sent to the brain.
- Fluid in the semicircular canals stops moving.
30.
Of the following, identify the waves with the highest frequency.
- microwaves
- ultraviolet rays
- x-rays
- gamma rays
31.
Of the following colors, identify the color associated with the shortest wavelength.
- red
- yellow
- green
- blue
32.
Which of the following is true of light detection?
- Humans see most of the light spectrum.
- Light signals can pass through a vacuum into the eye.
- Decibels are used as the unit of wavelength.
- Violet light has a longer wavelength than red light.
33.
The fovea is responsible for _______, because it has a high density of cones.
- night vision
- nearsightedness
- farsightedness
- acute vision
34.
Explain why people over 55 often need reading glasses.
- Their cornea no longer focuses correctly.
- Their lens no longer focuses correctly.
- Their eyeball has elongated with age, causing images to focus in front of their retina.
- Their retina has thinned with age, making vision more difficult.
35.
Where does some visual processing occur before information reaches the brain?
- cornea
- lens
- iris
- retina
36.
A person catching a ball must coordinate her head and eyes. Identify the part of the brain that is helping to do this.
- hypothalamus
- superior colliculus
- thalamus
- pineal gland