-
gustation
-
olfaction
-
proprioception
-
equilibrium
-
olfaction
-
gustation
-
proprioception
-
kinesthesia
-
spinal cord
-
cerebral cortex
-
receptors
-
thalamus
-
reception
-
the receptive field
-
perception
-
transduction
-
receptor potential
-
sensory transduction
-
just-noticeable difference
-
perception
-
9,500 vs 10,500 SHU
-
4,200 vs 5,100 SHU
-
18,000 vs 21,000 SHU
-
16,000 vs 18,500 SHU
-
detection of specific stimuli
-
sensation interpretation
-
sending electrical signals to the cortex
-
transmitting signals from the brain to the rest of the body
-
Merkel’s disks
-
Meissner’s corpuscles
-
Ruffini endings
-
Pacinian corpuscles
-
Merkel’s disks
-
Meissner’s corpuscles
-
Ruffini endings
-
Pacinian corpuscles
-
free nerve endings
-
Ruffini endings
-
Pacinian corpuscles
-
Krause end bulbs
-
Meissner’s corpuscles, hairy
-
Ruffini endings, glabrous
-
Pacinian corpuscles, glabrous
-
Hair receptors, hairy
-
damaging stimuli
-
deep, fleeting pressure
-
fine touch
-
cold
-
Capsaicin is corrosive and damages tissue.
-
Capsaicin contains large quantities of heat that are released upon ingestion.
-
Capsaicin and warm receptors open the same calcium channels.
-
Capsaicin stimulates Krause end bulbs.
-
Merkel’s disks
-
Meissner’s corpuscles
-
Ruffini endings
-
Pacinian corpuscles
-
one
-
five
-
depends on the type of taste receptor
-
depends on the part of the tongue
-
Both sense different stimuli in the environment.
-
Both can have hundreds of millions of types of receptors.
-
Both obtain stimuli from within the body.
-
Signals from both are transmitted through the medulla.
-
Gustation
-
Tastants
-
Umami
-
Pheromone
-
bitter
-
sweet
-
umami
-
sour
-
2
-
8
-
83
-
333

The image shows the olfactory system for a canine.
Which is a testable hypothesis that can be written on the canine olfactory system based on this image?
-
Dogs breeds with larger tongues tend to have better olfactory sense.
-
Dog breeds whose olfactory nerves connect to the brain tend to have better olfactory sense.
-
Dog breeds with larger nostrils tend to have better olfactory sense.
-
Dogs breeds with larger snouts tend to have better olfactory sense.
-
fungiform papillae
-
circumvallate papillae
-
foliate papillae
-
filiform papillae
-
decibels (dB), hertz (Hz)
-
decibels (dB), nanometers (nm)
-
nanometers (nm), decibels (dB)
-
hertz (Hz), decibels (dB)
-
cat
-
bat
-
dolphin
-
dog
-
greater amplitude
-
lower amplitude
-
greater frequency
-
lower frequency
-
Frequency is heard as volume.
-
Louder sounds have a higher frequency.
-
Men hear higher frequencies than women.
-
Frequency is measured in number of sound waves per unit time.
-
tympanum
-
cochlea
-
pinna
-
stapes
-
incus, stapes
-
ear canal, tympanum
-
tympanum, oval window
-
organ of Corti, stereocilia
-
basilar membrane
-
hair cells
-
semicircular canals
-
ossicles

The top two images show the crossection of the utricle when a person is upright.
What kind of head motion would cause the utricle to have the second shape?
-
The person's head is tilted forward.
-
The person's head has rotated to the right, with no change in tilt.
-
The person is slowly accelerating.
-
The person's head has rotated to the left, with no change in tilt.
-
microwaves
-
ultraviolet rays
-
x-rays
-
gamma rays
-
red
-
yellow
-
green
-
blue
-
Humans see most of the light spectrum.
-
Light signals can pass through a vacuum into the eye.
-
Decibels are used as the unit of wavelength.
-
Violet light has a longer wavelength than red light.
-
night vision
-
nearsightedness
-
farsightedness
-
acute vision

The image shows a normal eye, and an eye where the image falls in front of the retina, causing a vision defect.
What is this defect called?
-
myopia
-
hyperopia
-
astigmatism
-
color blindness
-
cornea
-
lens
-
iris
-
retina
-
hypothalamus
-
superior colliculus
-
thalamus
-
pineal gland