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analysis of variance
also referred to as ANOVA; a method of testing whether the means of three or more populations are equal
The method is applicable if
  • all populations of interest are normally distributed,
  • the populations have equal standard deviations, and
  • samples (not necessarily of the same size) are randomly and independently selected from each population.

The test statistic for analysis of variance is the F ratio.

one-way ANOVA
a method of testing whether the means of three or more populations are equal; the method is applicable if
  • all populations of interest are normally distributed,
  • the populations have equal standard deviations,
  • samples (not necessarily of the same size) are randomly and independently selected from each population, and
  • there is one independent variable and one dependent variable.

The test statistic for analysis of variance is the F ratio

variance
mean of the squared deviations from the mean; the square of the standard deviation
For a set of data, a deviation can be represented as x – x ¯ x ¯ where x is a value of the data and x ¯ x ¯ is the sample mean. The sample variance is equal to the sum of the squares of the deviations divided by the difference of the sample size and 1.
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