- agglutination
- the clumping of particles
- blood fractionation
- the process of separating blood into its component parts
- blood products
- substances derived from human blood
- colloid solutions
- a solute in a solution of molecules or ions
- colloidal oncotic pressure
- osmotic pressure that causes fluid to pull back into the capillary by large molecules such as proteins
- complementary and alternative therapies
- medical products and practices outside of conventional medical practice; complementary therapies are used as adjuncts to conventional therapies, and alternative therapies are used in place of conventional therapies
- cryoprecipitated anti-hemophilic factor (cryo)
- a portion of plasma that is rich in clotting factors
- crystalloid solutions
- a solute in a solution that lacks proteins and insoluble molecules
- electrolytes
- essential minerals that carry an electric charge and are crucial for functions like nerve signaling, muscle contraction, and fluid balance in the body
- extracellular fluid (ECF)
- fluid outside of the cell
- Factor VIII
- a blood clotting factor that when deficient causes bleeding
- fat emulsions
- a liquid composed of fat and water
- fat-soluble vitamins
- vitamins that dissolve in fat; includes vitamins A, D, E, and K
- fibrinogen
- a protein that assists with forming blood clots
- fluid volume
- the volume of intracellular and extracellular fluids in the body
- fluid volume deficit
- a condition where fluid output exceeds fluid intake
- fluid volume excess
- a condition where the body retains more fluid than it excretes
- glycolysis
- the process of converting glucose into pyruvate, an important metabolic product for energy
- heme synthesis
- a biochemical pathway that requires a number of steps, substrates, and enzymes
- hypertonic solutions
- a solution with a high solute concentration and a low water concentration
- hypervolemia
- the condition of fluid volume excess
- hypotonic solutions
- a solution with a low solute concentration and a high water concentration
- hypovolemia
- the condition of fluid volume deficit
- intracellular fluid (ICF)
- fluid inside the cell
- intravenous (IV) fluid therapy
- the process of administering fluids through a vein
- isotonic solutions
- a solution that has the same solute and water concentrations as the cytoplasm of the cell
- minerals
- inorganic substances that are essential for certain physiological functions
- myelin
- a mixture of proteins and phospholipids that form an insulating sheath around nerve fibers
- packed red blood cells (PRBCs)
- a blood product that contains concentrated red blood cells
- platelets
- cells that are responsible for clotting blood
- shock
- a condition caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow
- sodium-potassium-ATPase pump (Na+K+ATPase pump)
- responsible for the transport of sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells against their concentration gradients
- total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
- intravenous nutrition
- vitamins
- essential organic compounds required for normal physiological function
- von Willebrand factor
- a blood disorder that prevents the blood from clotting
- water-soluble vitamins
- vitamins that dissolve in water; includes vitamins B and C