Multiple Choice
Which of the following types of medical items requires sterilization?
- needles
- bed linens
- respiratory masks
- blood pressure cuffs
Which of the following is suitable for use on tissues for microbial control to prevent infection?
- disinfectant
- antiseptic
- sterilant
- water
Which biosafety level is appropriate for research with microbes or infectious agents that pose moderate risk to laboratory workers and the community, and are typically indigenous?
- BSL-1
- BSL-2
- BSL-3
- BSL-4
Which of the following best describes a microbial control protocol that inhibits the growth of molds and yeast?
- bacteriostatic
- fungicidal
- bactericidal
- fungistatic
The decimal reduction time refers to the amount of time it takes to which of the following?
- reduce a microbial population by 10%
- reduce a microbial population by 0.1%
- reduce a microbial population by 90%
- completely eliminate a microbial population
Which of the following methods brings about cell lysis due to cavitation induced by rapid localized pressure changes?
- microwaving
- gamma irradiation
- ultraviolet radiation
- sonication
Which of the following terms is used to describe the time required to kill all of the microbes within a sample at a given temperature?
- D-value
- thermal death point
- thermal death time
- decimal reduction time
Which of the following microbial control methods does not actually kill microbes or inhibit their growth but instead removes them physically from samples?
- filtration
- desiccation
- lyophilization
- nonionizing radiation
Which of the following refers to a disinfecting chemical dissolved in alcohol?
- iodophor
- tincture
- phenolic
- peroxygen
Which of the following peroxygens is widely used as a household disinfectant, is inexpensive, and breaks down into water and oxygen gas?
- hydrogen peroxide
- peracetic acid
- benzoyl peroxide
- ozone
Which of the following chemical food preservatives is used in the wine industry but may cause asthmatic reactions in some individuals?
- nitrites
- sulfites
- propionic acid
- benzoic acid
Bleach is an example of which group of chemicals used for disinfection?
- heavy metals
- halogens
- quats
- bisbiguanides
Which chemical disinfectant works by methylating enzymes and nucleic acids and is known for being toxic and carcinogenic?
- sorbic acid
- triclosan
- formaldehyde
- hexaclorophene
Which type of test is used to determine whether disinfectant solutions actively used in a clinical setting are being used correctly?
- disk-diffusion assay
- phenol coefficient test
- in-use test
- use-dilution test
The effectiveness of chemical disinfectants has historically been compared to that of which of the following?
- phenol
- ethyl alcohol
- bleach
- formaldehyde
Which of the following refers to a germicide that can kill vegetative cells and certain enveloped viruses but not endospores?
- high-level germicide
- intermediate-level germicide
- low-level germicide
- sterilant