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Medical-Surgical Nursing

Review Questions

Medical-Surgical NursingReview Questions

Review Questions

1 .
Which step of the nursing process involves analyzing patient data within the context of the patient’s current situation to discover essential information for making patient care decisions?
  1. diagnosis
  2. assessment
  3. planning
  4. implementation
2 .
What is the primary purpose of prioritizing problem-based nursing diagnoses in the nursing process?
  1. to identify current health issues and potential complications
  2. to enhance communication among health-care team members
  3. to evaluate care outcomes after interventions have been performed
  4. to address patient concerns and preferences
3 .
The nurse notices that a patient is experiencing an increased heart rate and blood pressure. Which step of the nursing process is the nurse currently in?
  1. assessment
  2. diagnosis
  3. planning
  4. implementation
4 .
An emergency department nurse is caring for a patient who presents with a cough and shortness of breath. The nurse asks the patient about their medical history and notes that they have a history of heart failure. The nurse determines that the cough and shortness of breath are likely related to heart failure exacerbation. Which cognitive skill of the CJMM is the nurse exhibiting in this situation?
  1. recognize cues
  2. analyze cues
  3. prioritize hypotheses
  4. take action
5 .
What is a situation that best illustrates a nursing student generating solutions?
  1. The student takes a blood pressure reading on a patient.
  2. The student checks the patient’s chart to look at lab results.
  3. The student determines that the patient’s wound is infected and needs a new dressing.
  4. The student performs skin care on the patient’s open wound.
6 .
A nursing student is working within an interdisciplinary care team to establish care goals for a patient. Which step of the CJMM is the nurse using?
  1. recognize cues
  2. analyze cues
  3. generate solutions
  4. evaluate outcomes
7 .
What individual factor should a nurse consider when making clinical judgment calls in practice?
  1. care setting
  2. resource availability
  3. cultural preferences
  4. skill level
8 .
What assessment finding is an example of subjective data?
  1. blood pressure
  2. skin color
  3. patient’s stated chief complaint
  4. respiratory rate
9 .
How does cultural diversity influence the collection of data during a nursing assessment?
  1. by necessitating the exclusion of certain cultural practices to maintain objectivity
  2. by affecting communication styles, pain expression, and dietary considerations
  3. by encouraging nurses to rely solely on objective data rather than subjective reports
  4. by limiting the types of information that can be collected during the assessment process
10 .
The nurse is conducting a comprehensive assessment of a 65-year-old patient admitted to the hospital with complaints of chest pain and shortness of breath. The patient has a history of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking. During the assessment, the nurse notices that the patient avoids making direct eye contact and seems hesitant to discuss their symptoms. Which aspect of the nursing assessment is highlighted in this scenario?
  1. recognizing cues
  2. obtaining objective data
  3. documenting patient responses
  4. showing cultural competence
11 .
The emergency department nurse notices that several patients admitted to the unit recently have reported experiencing nausea and vomiting shortly after receiving a specific type of medication. Additionally, these patients exhibit elevated levels of liver enzymes upon laboratory testing. What aspect of cue analysis is most relevant in this scenario?
  1. identifying clues
  2. making accurate inferences
  3. recognizing patterns
  4. drawing conclusions from observed data
12 .
The nurse notices a recurring pattern among patients admitted to the unit who have been prescribed a particular antibiotic for the treatment of infections. Despite following the standard treatment protocol, a subset of patients continues to exhibit persistent symptoms and delayed recovery. Based on this observation, what form of reasoning is the nurse likely to utilize in proposing alternative treatment approaches?
  1. inductive reasoning
  2. analytical reasoning
  3. deductive reasoning
  4. abstract reasoning
13 .
The emergency department nurse is caring for a patient who presents with sudden onset of chest pain, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis. What is an example that illustrates the nurse prioritizing a hypothesis?
  1. The nurse applies supplemental oxygen.
  2. The nurse suspects the patient is experiencing a myocardial infarction.
  3. The nurse takes the patient’s vital signs.
  4. The nurse administers pain medication to the patient.
14 .
What is the primary purpose of prioritizing hypotheses in the nursing process?
  1. initiate interventions without further analysis
  2. determine the patient's preferred treatment options
  3. develop a structured plan for care delivery
  4. refine decisions for interventions based on the acuity of problems
15 .
While performing a head-to-toe assessment on a patient in the hospital, the nurse notices that the patient is experiencing sudden confusion and agitation. What is an example of a nursing intervention that most closely reflects the CJMM step of taking action?
  1. Recommend the provider order a sedative medication.
  2. Ask the patient why they are feeling agitated.
  3. Assess the patient's vital signs and oxygen saturation levels.
  4. Assume the patient is having a panic attack.
16 .
The nurse is caring for a patient who presents to the emergency department with worsening shortness of breath and sudden weight gain. The nurse performs a physical assessment and notes edema in the lower extremities and auscultates crackles in the lungs. The nurse anticipates that the patient is experiencing a heart failure exacerbation. Which step of the CJMM is the nurse illustrating?
  1. assessing cues
  2. prioritizing hypotheses
  3. generating solutions
  4. taking action
17 .
The nurse is caring for a patient who reports 6/10 arm pain. After administering acetaminophen, what evaluation finding would indicate that the action was effective?
  1. decrease in patient’s reported pain level
  2. slowdown in urinary output
  3. respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute
  4. clear sounds from lungs
18 .
The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic hypertension who is prescribed lisinopril. Despite taking the medication daily, the patient’s hypertension is not improving. The nurse relays this information to the provider and advocates for an increase in the medication dosage. Which aspect of the CJMM does this action by the nurse most closely resemble?
  1. assessing cues
  2. recognizing cues
  3. taking action
  4. evaluating outcomes
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