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Medical-Surgical Nursing

Review Questions

Medical-Surgical NursingReview Questions

Review Questions

1 .
Hormones travel throughout the body and affect the activity of what?
  1. blood osmolality
  2. target cells
  3. paracrine
  4. neural stimuli
2 .
What should the nurse do during a physical assessment of the thyroid?
  1. Push on the side of the neck to feel the thyroid.
  2. Ask the patient to tilt the head down while drinking water.
  3. Palpate the thyroid gland using a circular motion, while standing behind the patient.
  4. Assess the patient’s arms and palms for tremors.
3 .
What is the function of the hormone glucagon?
  1. to increase blood sugar levels
  2. to decrease blood sugar levels
  3. to increase insulin levels
  4. to decrease insulin levels
4 .
What would be a symptom that the body was producing too much melatonin?
  1. increased agitation
  2. increased metabolism
  3. excessive sleepiness
  4. excessive hair production
5 .
The nurse is caring for a patient with T1DM. While developing a teaching plan about hypoglycemia as a complication of therapy, what sign or symptom should the nurse include?
  1. fruity breath
  2. increased thirst
  3. shakiness
  4. headache
6 .
The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient who is newly diagnosed with DM. The patient asks the nurse if they can eat a candy bar or cup of ice cream every time they feel shaky, hungry, or nauseated. How should the nurse respond?
  1. Yes, a candy bar or cup of ice cream is needed to treat the hypoglycemia.
  2. No, if your blood sugar reading is low, these snacks contain too much sugar; a few hard candies or a cup of skim milk would be better choices.
  3. Yes, you can eat the snack, but then have a meal as soon as possible.
  4. No, the snack will cause hyperglycemia; you should quickly eat a meal instead.
7 .
The nurse is reviewing a patient’s fasting serum blood results. What result would indicate to the nurse that the patient may have diabetes?
  1. Potassium level of 4.2 mmol/L
  2. Hemoglobin level of 15 g/dl
  3. A1C level 6.1%
  4. Fasting glucose of 129 mg/dL
8 .
What behaviors are likely symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
  1. heat intolerance, slow heart rate, sleepiness
  2. fatigue, central obesity, cold intolerance
  3. irritability, mood swings, fatigue
  4. confusion, heat intolerance, slow movements
9 .
What should the nurse be sure to monitor for in order to prevent hungry bone syndrome?
  1. prolonged hypercalcemia
  2. dehydration
  3. prolonged hypocalcemia
  4. fluid overload
10 .
A patient with a history of hyperthyroidism is admitted to the hospital with thyroid storm. What should the nurse expect to be included in the plan of care?
  1. warming blankets
  2. antithyroid medications
  3. insulin
  4. diuretics
11 .
A nurse is caring for a patient with SIADH. What type of electrolyte imbalance would the nurse expect to find in this situation?
  1. hyponatremia
  2. hypocalcemia
  3. hyperkalemia
  4. hypermagnesemia
12 .
DI results from a chronic underproduction of ADH, which in turn does what to the body?
  1. increases glucagon production
  2. increases water retention
  3. decreases the amount of water retained
  4. causes hypernatremia
13 .
Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by what?
  1. cyclical episodes of hyperventilation and apnea
  2. constant, rapid breathing
  3. long, slow, deep breaths
  4. shallow breathing
14 .
A patient diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency would be expected to have what laboratory value?
  1. low glucose
  2. elevated glucose
  3. elevated sodium
  4. low potassium
15 .
A nurse is teaching a patient about treatment for adrenal insufficiency. What should the nurse tell the patient about hormone therapy?
  1. Hormone therapy is a temporary measure.
  2. Hormone therapy does not have to be taken daily.
  3. Hormone therapy is a lifelong therapy.
  4. Hormone therapy is not an adequate treatment.
16 .
In some cases of Cushing’s disease, a CT of the brain may be completed for what reason?
  1. to rule out dementia
  2. to identify pituitary tumors
  3. to identify frontal lobe tumors
  4. to rule out temporal lobe damage
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