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Medical-Surgical Nursing

Review Questions

Medical-Surgical NursingReview Questions

Review Questions

1 .
The nurse is caring for a patient with anorexia. What is an example of an intervention would be most effective?
  1. Have the nutrition department send a meal on the standard menu with two desserts.
  2. Suggest the patient order food of choice when they are hungry.
  3. Reinforce mealtimes to get in the habit of eating on a schedule.
  4. Request patient drink two glasses of water before every meal.
2 .
What assessment would be of most concern to a patient with obesity?
  1. a BMI of 32
  2. presence of a gait abnormality
  3. a large abdominal circumference
  4. joint pain
3 .
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain and diarrhea. Your clinical assessment reveals positive Chvostek and Trousseau signs. What electrolyte deficiency do you suspect this patient may have?
  1. a low calcium level
  2. a high calcium level
  3. a low potassium level
  4. a low iron level
4 .
A patient states they have constant pain in the jaw joint when eating. Which is the most probable cause?
  1. dental caries
  2. TMD
  3. salivary calculi
  4. oral cancer
5 .
When doing an oral assessment, the nurse observes a discolored portion of the inside of the cheek. What intervention should the nurse take?
  1. Notify the provider of the finding.
  2. Instruct the patient to brush teeth and floss.
  3. Encourage patient to increase water intake.
  4. Assess for jaw clicking.
6 .
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube. What is an example of an assessment that would cause the nurse to intervene?
  1. The head of bed is elevated 30°.
  2. The GRV is 10 mL at the beginning of the shift.
  3. The NG tube is longer than recorded on previous shift.
  4. The continuous tube feeding is running via a pump.
7 .
When the nurse is administering medications through a gastrostomy tube, what is an example of a finding that would cause the nurse to intervene?
  1. An enteric coating tablet is ordered.
  2. Most medications ordered are in liquid form.
  3. The patient’s blood pressure (BP) is 130/90 mm Hg and their BP medication is due.
  4. The medications are all labeled.
8 .
The nurse is preparing to hang a new bag of TPN. What is an example of a finding that would concern the nurse?
  1. The TPN bag provided matches the latest provider’s orders.
  2. The patient’s last blood glucose was 90 mg/dL.
  3. The central line site is red and hot.
  4. The tubing for the TPN was changed this morning.
9 .
Your patient is postoperative after a complicated bowel surgery for Crohn’s disease. Because the patient will be allowed nothing by mouth (NPO) for a few days, what type of nutrition would you expect to be ordered?
  1. TPN
  2. PEG tube feedings
  3. IV fluids
  4. NG tube feedings
10 .
The nurse is caring for a patient with stomach cancer. What assessment finding would be of greatest concern?
  1. The patient states they feel tired.
  2. The patient is vomiting.
  3. The patient has hypoactive bowel sounds.
  4. The patient has bloody stools.
11 .
Your patient is admitted with a suspicion of Barrett’s esophagus. What diagnostic test would you expect to be performed?
  1. upper endoscopy with biopsy
  2. colonoscopy with biopsy
  3. barium swallow study
  4. stool culture
12 .
You are educating your patient with gastritis prior to discharge. What is an example of a statement made by the patient that would indicate that they have a good understanding of the condition?
  1. “It’s OK that I eat greasy foods because it will soothe my stomach.”
  2. “I’ll make the switch to decaffeinated coffee and limit my caffeine intake.”
  3. “After smoking, I’ll rinse my mouth out so my stomach doesn’t get irritated.”
  4. “I don’t need stress management if I’m going to take medications.”
13 .
What electrolyte would you expect to be ordered for your patient who has been receiving long-term PPI therapy?
  1. sodium
  2. calcium
  3. magnesium
  4. phosphate
14 .
What treatment is a possible option for patients with Barrett’s esophagus whose reflux symptoms are not controlled by PPI therapy?
  1. chemotherapy
  2. fundoplication
  3. radiation therapy
  4. antiviral medication
15 .
The nurse performs a fecal occult stool test. Noting a positive sample, what laboratory result will the nurse check next?
  1. WBC count
  2. hemoglobin
  3. electrolytes
  4. liver enzyme levels
16 .
A lethargic patient with cool skin is passing bright red blood from the rectum. Vital signs are blood pressure, 86/56 mm Hg; temperature, 98°F; heart rate, 120 bpm; respiratory rate, 22 breaths/minute. What action should the nurse take next?
  1. Notify provider for IV fluid orders.
  2. Insert nasogastric tube.
  3. Administer IV antibiotics.
  4. Administer loperamide.
17 .
The nurse is providing patient education about a gluten-free diet to a patient who has been newly diagnosed with celiac disease. What should the nurse emphasize as important when shopping for groceries?
  1. Low amounts of gluten are OK.
  2. Nutrition labels should always be checked before purchasing food items.
  3. If a food is naturally gluten-free, nutritional labels are not important.
  4. Asking the store manager if a food is gluten-free is good enough.
18 .
What should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary modifications for a patient with IBS?
  1. frequency and consistency of bowel movements
  2. patient’s heart rate
  3. blood pressure levels
  4. patient’s pain level
19 .
Your patient with liver disease begins to become irritable, forgetful, and is having coordination problems. What disorder is the patient showing symptoms of?
  1. cirrhosis
  2. portal hypertension
  3. hepatic encephalopathy
  4. jaundice
20 .
What is an example of effective nursing care for a patient with cholelithiasis?
  1. The patient continues to choose fatty foods from the hospital menu.
  2. The patient is reluctant to take prescribed medications.
  3. The patient ambulates in the hallways to encourage peristalsis.
  4. The patient eats large meals.
21 .
The nurse is developing a plan of care for their patient with ascites. What would be an appropriate goal for care of the patient?
  1. Check pupil reaction.
  2. Monitor for rebound tenderness.
  3. Provide foods high in fiber.
  4. Monitor daily weights and abdominal girth measurements.
22 .
A patient with acute pancreatitis is describing the symptoms that caused them to seek medical attention. The patient explains that they experienced nausea, a rapid pulse, and vomiting. What other patient statement should the nurse recognize as a symptom of pancreatitis?
  1. “After I ate some ice cream, my stomach started hurting really badly.”
  2. “My hands started shaking uncontrollably for about 5 minutes.”
  3. “I noticed that I had a severe headache after I started vomiting.”
  4. “I had diarrhea for 2 days after I started feeling poorly.”
23 .
The nurse is providing ostomy care and notices that the stoma is ashen in color. What action should the nurse take after the completion of ostomy care?
  1. Encourage fluid intake.
  2. Notify the surgeon.
  3. Consult a dietitian.
  4. Call the ostomy nurse.
24 .
The nurse is caring for a patient who had a colostomy placed 2 days earlier. The nurse notes that the stoma is moist and beefy red. What action should the nurse be expected to take based on these findings?
  1. Notify the physician of the findings immediately.
  2. Remove the bag and apply pressure to the stoma.
  3. Document the assessment findings of the stoma.
  4. Change the appliance pouch and clean the skin.
25 .
The nurse is providing patient education on the care of an ostomy. What is an example of a statement by the patient that would indicate that further education is necessary?
  1. “I should plan to replace the pouch system every 4 to 7 days.”
  2. “Wafer should be cut 1/16″ to 1/8″ larger than the stoma.”
  3. “It is important to chew all foods completely and slowly.”
  4. “I will keep a diary of the foods I eat and my stool pattern.”
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