ALS Association. (n.d.). Understanding ALS: What is ALS? https://www.als.org/understanding-als/what-is-als
Alzheimer’s Association. (2024). What is Alzheimer’s disease? https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers
American Association of Neurological Surgeons. (2024a). Low back pain. https://www.aans.org/en/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Low-Back-Pain
American Association of Neurological Surgeons. (2024b). Spinal tumors. https://www.aans.org/en/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Spinal-Tumors
American Association of Neurological Surgeons. (n.d.). Brain tumors. https://www.aans.org/en/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Brain-Tumors
American Migraine Foundation. (2021). What is migraine? https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/what-is-migraine/
Arthritis Foundation. (n.d.). Fibro fog. https://www.arthritis.org/diseases/more-about/fibro-fog
Brouwer, M. C., & van de Beek, D. (2018). Epidemiology, diagnosis, and antimicrobial treatment of acute bacterial meningitis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 31(2), e00078–17. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00078-17
Brouwer, M. C., Thwaites, G. E., Tunkel, A. R., & van de Beek, D. (2018). Dilemmas in the diagnosis of acute community-acquired bacterial meningitis. Lancet, 18(5), e256–e261. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30121-4
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Guillain-Barré syndrome and vaccines. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/concerns/guillain-barre-syndrome.html
Epilepsy Foundation. (2023). Understanding epilepsy. https://www.epilepsy.com/what-is-epilepsy
Evoli, A., & Padua, L. (2017). Diagnosis and therapy of myasthenia gravis with antibodies to muscle-specific kinase. Autoimmunity Highlights, 8(1), 5.
GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators. (2019). Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet Neurology, 18(5), 459–480. https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laneur/PIIS1474-4422(18)30499-X.pdf
Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2024a). Acute spinal cord injury. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/acute-spinal-cord-injury
Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2024b). Fibromyalgia. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/fibromyalgia
Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2024c). Health: Myasthenia gravis. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/myasthenia-gravis#
Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2024d). Traumatic brain injury. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/traumatic-brain-injury
Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Brain tumors and brain cancer. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/brain-tumor
Karl, A., Ali, M. A., & Brandis, D. (2022). Kernig Sign. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470365/
Liaquat, M. T., & Jain, S. (2024). Spontaneous intracranial hypotension. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559066/
Mayo Clinic. (2020). Diseases and conditions: Spinal cord tumor. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spinal-cord-tumor/symptoms-causes/syc-20350103
Mayo Clinic. (2021). Diseases and conditions: Traumatic brain injury. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/traumatic-brain-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20378557
Mayo Clinic. (2021). Fibromyalgia. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fibromyalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354780
Mayo Clinic. (2023a). Brain tumor. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-tumor/symptoms-causes/syc-20350084
Mayo Clinic. (2023b). Diseases and conditions: Alzheimer’s disease. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alzheimers-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350447
Mayo Clinic. (2023c). Diseases and conditions: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic.
Mayo Clinic. (2023d). Diseases and conditions: Back pain. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/symptoms-causes/syc-20369906
Mayo Clinic. (2023e). Diseases and conditions: Migraine. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/symptoms-causes/syc-20360201
Mayo Clinic. (2023f). Diseases and conditions: Parkinson’s disease. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/parkinsons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20376055
Mayo Clinic. (2023g). Disease and conditions: Peripheral neuropathy. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20352061
Mayo Clinic. (2023h). Diseases and conditions: Seizures. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/seizure/symptoms-causes/syc-20365711
Mayo Clinic. (2023i). Diseases and conditions: Spinal cord injury. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spinal-cord-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20377890
Mayo Clinic. (2024). Diseases and conditions: Dementia. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dementia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352019
Miller, A. E., & Wolinsky, J. S. (2018). Neurology. In Multiple Sclerosis (Vol. 1). Oxford University Press.
Munakomi, S., & Das, J. M. (2024). Intracranial pressure monitoring. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542298/.
National Brain Tumor Society. (2024). Brain tumor facts. https://braintumor.org/brain-tumors/about-brain-tumors/brain-tumor-facts/
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. (2021). Fibromyalgia. https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/fibromyalgia
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. (2023). Back pain: Diagnosis, treatment, and steps to take. https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/back-pain/diagnosis-treatment-and-steps-to-take
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2019). Multiple sclerosis https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Multiple-Sclerosis-Hope-Through-Research
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023a). Epilepsy and seizures. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/epilepsy-and-seizures
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023b). Peripheral neuropathy. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/peripheral-neuropathy
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023c). Migraine. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/migraine
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023d). Brain and spinal cord tumors. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/brain-and-spinal-cord-tumors
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023e). Spinal cord injury. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/spinal-cord-injury
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2023f). Traumatic brain injury (TBI). https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/traumatic-brain-injury-tbi
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2024a). Health information: Meningitis. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/meningitis#toc-who-is-more-likely-to-get-meningitis-
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2024b). Myasthenia gravis. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/myasthenia-gravis
National Institute on Aging. (2022a). Parkinson’s disease: Causes, symptoms, and treatments. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/parkinsons-disease/parkinsons-disease-causes-symptoms-and-treatments
National Institute on Aging. (2022b). What is dementia? Symptoms, types, and diagnosis. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia/what-dementia-symptoms-types-and-diagnosis
National Institute on Aging. (2023). Alzheimer’s disease fact sheet. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet#causes
Nguyen, T. P., & Taylor, R. S. (2023). Guillain-Barré syndrome. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532254/
Rowe, N., & Golden, K. (2022). A list of drugs linked to dementia. GoodRX Health. https://www.goodrx.com/conditions/dementia/these-drugs-could-increase-your-risk-of-dementia
Rubin, M. (2022). Polyneuropathy. Merck Manual (Professional Version). https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/peripheral-nervous-system-and-motor-unit-disorders/polyneuropathy
Society for Neuroscience. (2018). Brain facts: A primer on the brain and nervous system. (8th ed.). https://www.brainfacts.org/-/media/Brainfacts2/BrainFacts-Book/Brain-Facts-PDF-with-links.pdf.
Stanford Medicine, Division of Pain Medicine. (2024). About back pain. https://med.stanford.edu/pain/about/chronic-pain/low-back-pain.html
Stribos, M. P., & Jones, E. B. (2023). Brudzinski sign. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539911/
Tubben, R. E., Jain, S., & Murphy, P. B. (2023). Epidural blood patch. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482336/
Tunkel, A. R., & Scheld, W. M. (2019). Acute meningitis. In K. J. Isselbacher et al. (Eds.), Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine (20th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 1345–1355). McGraw-Hill Education.
van de Beek, D., Cabellos, C., Dzupova, O., Esposito, S., Klein, M., Kloek, A. T., Leib, S. L., Mourvillier, B., Ostergaard, C., Pagliano, P., Pfister, H. W., Read, R. C., Sipahi, O. R., Brouwer, M. C., & ESCMID Study Group for Infections of the Brain (ESGIB) (2016). ESCMID guideline: Diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial meningitis. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 22(Suppl 3), S37–S62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.01.007
Yale Medicine. (n.d.). Spinal tumors. https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/spinal-tumors#