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Medical-Surgical Nursing

Review Questions

Medical-Surgical NursingReview Questions

Review Questions

1 .
The nurse is caring for a patient who is concerned about developing osteoporosis. What risk factor for osteoporosis should the nurse mention to the patient?
  1. male sex
  2. high body mass index
  3. regular exercise
  4. postmenopausal status
2 .
What assessment finding should the nurse anticipate when assessing a patient diagnosed with osteoporosis?
  1. scoliosis
  2. headache
  3. lower-back pain
  4. tachycardia
3 .
The nurse is reviewing medications with a nursing student before administering them to a patient. When asked about alendronate, a bisphosphonate, what statement by the nursing student indicates an understanding of how this medication treats osteoporosis?
  1. “This medication acts as a calcium supplement.”
  2. “Alendronate inhibits cells that break down my bones.”
  3. “This drug mimics effects of estrogen to protect my bones.”
  4. “This medication works by increasing bone marrow density.”
4 .
What factor increases the risk for developing osteoarthritis (OA)?
  1. male sex
  2. adolescent age
  3. underweight status
  4. overuse of finger joints
5 .
The nurse is caring for a patient who presents to the clinic and reports swelling and pain in their fingers over the last few months, which is worse in the mornings. What diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate being ordered?
  1. CT scan
  2. urinalysis
  3. lumbar puncture
  4. C-reactive protein
6 .
Nursing care of a patient with osteoarthritis should include what action?
  1. limit range of motion (ROM)
  2. promote dependence for ADLs
  3. implement comfort measures
  4. use opioids for pain control
7 .
What type of fracture results in the formation of several small bone fragments?
  1. spiral
  2. oblique
  3. greenstick
  4. comminuted
8 .
What terms are included in the 5 P’s of neurovascular assessments? Select all that apply.
  1. pain
  2. position
  3. paresthesia
  4. pregnancy
  5. pallor
9 .
What treatment option for bone fractures involves the insertion of screws that are attached to a metal brace outside the body?
  1. immobilization
  2. closed reduction
  3. internal fixation
  4. external fixation
10 .
After removal of a cast, what finding does the nurse recognize to indicate that the treatment was effective?
  1. increased pain
  2. no visible bone deformities
  3. skin pallor
  4. strong pulses proximal to the fracture
11 .
What is the most common cause of muscular dystrophy (MD)?
  1. viral infections
  2. genetic mutations
  3. immunosuppression
  4. childhood cancers
12 .
What type of MD results in an inability to relax the muscles after contraction?
  1. myotonic dystrophy
  2. Duchenne muscular dystrophy
  3. limb-girdle muscular dystrophy
  4. facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
13 .
What is the main function of connective tissue?
  1. neurological regulation
  2. protection of internal organs
  3. cardiovascular support
  4. bone formation
14 .
What factor increases the risk of developing SLE?
  1. bacterial infections
  2. history of cancer
  3. exposure to UV radiation
  4. vasculitis
15 .
What is the priority diagnostic test for SLE?
  1. hemoglobin
  2. white blood cell count
  3. antinuclear antibody
  4. muscle biopsy
16 .
The nurse is collecting a medical history from a patient who presents with new-onset joint stiffness and swelling. The nurse suspects RA. What information, if provided in the patient’s medical history, would help confirm this diagnosis?
  1. history of breast cancer
  2. occupational exposure to asbestos
  3. previous exposure to Epstein-Barr virus
  4. history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
17 .
The nurse is reviewing lab results for a patient being worked up for RA. What abnormal lab finding would be most consistent with a diagnosis of RA?
  1. decreased C-reactive protein (CRP)
  2. elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
  3. decreased red blood cell count
  4. elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit
18 .
What medical therapy is priority for treating SLE?
  1. NSAIDs
  2. corticosteroids
  3. immunosuppressants
  4. B-lymphocyte stimulator (BlyS) protein
19 .
The nurse is caring for a patient who has presented to the emergency room after a soccer game and reported a sore ankle. What condition does the nurse suspect is most likely?
  1. sprain
  2. contusion
  3. bursitis
  4. tendinitis
20 .
The nurse is caring for a patient admitted for a back muscle strain. What medication does the nurse anticipate is most likely to be ordered for the patient?
  1. penicillin
  2. ibuprofen
  3. oxycodone
  4. azithromycin
21 .
Due to the self-limiting nature of soft tissue injuries, how can the nurse evaluate efficacy of home therapies like RICE?
  1. Assume the patient is better if they do not call back.
  2. Ensure follow-up appointments are scheduled.
  3. Connect the patient with a home care nurse.
  4. Call the patient daily to monitor symptoms.
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