Use the following information to answer the next seven exercises. An article in the New England Journal of Medicine, reported about a study of smokers in California and Hawaii. In one part of the report, the self-reported ethnicity and smoking levels per day were given. Of the people smoking at most ten cigarettes per day, there were 9,886 African American people, 2,745 Native Hawaiian people, 12,831 Latino people, 8,378 Japanese people, and 7,650 White people. Of the people smoking 11 to 20 cigarettes per day, there were 6,514 African American people, 3,062 Native Hawaiian people, 4,932 Latino people, 10,680 Japanese people, and 9,877 White people. Of the people smoking 21 to 30 cigarettes per day, there were 1,671 African American people, 1,419 Native Hawaiian people, 1,406 Latino people, 4,715 Japanese people, and 6,062 White people. Of the people smoking at least 31 cigarettes per day, there were 759 African American people, 788 Native Hawaiian people, 800 Latino people, 2,305 Japanese people, and 3,970 White people.
Complete the table using the data provided.
| Smoking Level | African American | Native Hawaiian | Latino | Japanese people | White | TOTALS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1–10 | ||||||
| 11–20 | ||||||
| 21–30 | ||||||
| 31+ | ||||||
| TOTALS |
Suppose that one person from the study is randomly selected. Find the probability that person smoked 11 to 20 cigarettes per day.
Find the probability that the person was Latino.
In words, explain what it means to pick one person from the study who is “Japanese American AND smokes 21 to 30 cigarettes per day.” Also, find the probability.
In words, explain what it means to pick one person from the study who is “Japanese American OR smokes 21 to 30 cigarettes per day.” Also, find the probability.
In words, explain what it means to pick one person from the study who is “Japanese American GIVEN that person smokes 21 to 30 cigarettes per day.” Also, find the probability.
Prove that smoking level/day and ethnicity are dependent events.