Introductory Statistics

# 11.7Lab 1: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

Introductory Statistics11.7 Lab 1: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit
Stats Lab 11.1

#### Lab 1: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

Class Time:

Names:

Student Learning Outcome
• The student will evaluate data collected to determine if they fit either the uniform or exponential distributions.

Collect the Data Go to your local supermarket. Ask 30 people as they leave for the total amount on their grocery receipts. (Or, ask three cashiers for the last ten amounts. Be sure to include the express lane, if it is open.)

#### Note

You may need to combine two categories so that each cell has an expected value of at least five.
1. Record the values.
 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
Table 11.23
2. Construct a histogram of the data. Make five to six intervals. Sketch the graph using a ruler and pencil. Scale the axes.
Figure 11.9
3. Calculate the following:
1. $x ¯ = x ¯ =$________
2. s = ________
3. s2 = ________

Uniform Distribution Test to see if grocery receipts follow the uniform distribution.

1. Using your lowest and highest values, X ~ U (_______, _______)
2. Divide the distribution into fifths.
3. Calculate the following:
1. lowest value = _________
2. 20th percentile = _________
3. 40th percentile = _________
4. 60th percentile = _________
5. 80th percentile = _________
6. highest value = _________
4. For each fifth, count the observed number of receipts and record it. Then determine the expected number of receipts and record that.
Fifth Observed Expected
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
Table 11.24
5. H0: ________
6. Ha: ________
7. What distribution should you use for a hypothesis test?
8. Why did you choose this distribution?
9. Calculate the test statistic.
10. Find the p-value.
11. Sketch a graph of the situation. Label and scale the x-axis. Shade the area corresponding to the p-value.
Figure 11.10
13. State your conclusion in a complete sentence.

Exponential Distribution Test to see if grocery receipts follow the exponential distribution with decay parameter $1 x¯ 1 x$.

1. Using $1 x ¯ 1 x ¯$ as the decay parameter, X ~ Exp(_________).
2. Calculate the following:
1. lowest value = ________
2. first quartile = ________
3. 37th percentile = ________
4. median = ________
5. 63rd percentile = ________
6. 3rd quartile = ________
7. highest value = ________
3. For each cell, count the observed number of receipts and record it. Then determine the expected number of receipts and record that.
Cell Observed Expected
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Table 11.25
4. H0: ________
5. Ha: ________
6. What distribution should you use for a hypothesis test?
7. Why did you choose this distribution?
8. Calculate the test statistic.
9. Find the p-value.
10. Sketch a graph of the situation. Label and scale the x-axis. Shade the area corresponding to the p-value.
Figure 11.11
12. State your conclusion in a complete sentence.
Discussion Questions
1. Did your data fit either distribution? If so, which?
2. In general, do you think it’s likely that data could fit more than one distribution? In complete sentences, explain why or why not.
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