Skip to ContentGo to accessibility pageKeyboard shortcuts menu
OpenStax Logo

Adamson, Peter, and Jonardon Ganeri. 2020. Classical Indian Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Adamson, Peter. 2016. A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps: Philosophy in the Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Amr, Samir S., and Abdelghani Tbakhi. 2007. “Ibn Sina (Avicenna): The Prince of Physicians.” Annals of Saudi Medicine, 27 (2): 134–135. https://doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2007.134.

Assmann, Jan. (1995) 2009. Egyptian Solar Religion in the New Kingdom: Re, Amun and the Crisis of Polytheism. Translated by Anthony Alcock. New York: Routledge.

Assmann, Jan. 2004. “Theological Responses to Amarna.” In Egypt, Israel, and the Ancient Mediterranean World: Studies in Honor of Donald B. Redford, edited by Gary N. Knoppers and Antoine Hirsch, 179–191. Leiden: Brill. https://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/2354/1/Assmann_Theological_responses_to_Amarna_2004.pdf.

Augustine. 2008. Confessions. Translated by Henry Chadwick. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Aurelius, Marcus. 2021. Meditations: The Annotated Edition. Translated and edited by Robin Waterfield. New York: Basic Books.

Ben Ahmed, Fouad, and Robert Pasnau. 2021. “Ibn Rushd [Averroes].” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta. Fall 2021 ed. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2021/entries/ibn-rushd/.

Berkovits, Eliezer. 1961. “What Is Jewish Philosophy?” Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought 3 (2): 117–130. https://traditiononline.org/what-is-jewish-philosophy/.

Boas, George. 1948. “Fact and Legend in the Biography of Plato.” The Philosophical Review 57 (5): 439–457. https://doi.org/10.2307/2181715.

Bokser, Ben Zion. 1947. “Reason and Revelation in the Theology of Maimonides: The Conflict between Philosophy and the Torah.” Hebrew Union College Annual 20:541–584. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23506471.

Curd, Patricia, ed. 2011. A Presocratics Reader: Selected Fragments and Testimonia. Translated by Richard D. McKirahan and Patricia Curd. 2nd ed. Indianapolis: Hackett.

Flegel, Peter. 2018. “Does Western Philosophy Have Egyptian Roots?” Philosophy Now, October/November 2018. https://philosophynow.org/issues/128/Does_Western_Philosophy_Have_Egyptian_Roots.

Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. 2007. Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Goldstone, Jack A. 2009. Why Europe? The Rise of the West in World History, 1500–1850. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Graham, Daniel W. 2013. Science before Socrates: Parmenides, Anaxagoras, and the New Astronomy. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Gutas, Dimitri. 2012. “The Empiricism of Avicenna.” Oriens 40 (2): 391–436. https://doi.org/10.1163/18778372-00402008.

Gutas, Dimitri. 2016. “Ibn Sina [Avicenna].” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Edward N. Zalta. Fall 2016 ed. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2016/entries/ibn-sina/.

Hadot, Pierre. 2002. What Is Ancient Philosophy? Translated by Michael Chase. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Herodotus. 1890. The History of Herodotus. Translated by G. C. Macaulay. Vol. 1. London: Macmillan.

Hiller, James, “Epistemological Foundations of Objectivist and Interpretivist Research” (2016). Books and Book Chapters by University of Dayton Faculty. 52. https://ecommons.udayton.edu/books/52.

Houser, R. E. 1999. “Bonaventure’s Three-Fold Way to God.” In Medieval Masters: Essays in Memory of Msgr. E. A. Synan, edited by R. E. Houser, 91–145. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press. http://t4.stthom.edu/users/houser/bonaventure1999.pdf.

Inwood, Brad, and L. P. Gerson, trans. 1997. Hellenistic Philosophy: Introductory Readings. 2nd ed. Indianapolis: Hackett.

Kiros, Teodros. 1996. “Claude Sumner’s Classical Ethiopian Philosophy.” Northeast African Studies, n.s., 3 (2): 39–52. Michigan State University Press.

Lamb, Evelyn. 2017. “Don’t Fall for Babylonian Trigonometry Hype.” Roots of Unity (blog), Scientific American. August 29, 2017. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/roots-of-unity/dont-fall-for-babylonian-trigonometry-hype/.

Maimonides, Moses. 1963. The Guide of the Perplexed. Translated by Shlomo Pines. Vol. 1. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Marenbon, John. 2020. “Why Read Boethius Today?” Aeon. October 9, 2020. https://aeon.co/essays/why-we-should-read-boethiuss-consolation-of-philosophy-today.

Mathias, Thomas R. 1976. “Bonaventurian Ways to God through Reason.” Franciscan Studies 36:192–232. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41974876.

McGinnis, Jon. 2003. “Scientific Methodologies in Medieval Islam.” Journal of the History of Philosophy 41 (3): 307–327. https://doi.org/10.1353/hph.2003.0033.

Mou, Bo, ed. 2009. History of Chinese Philosophy. New York: Routledge.

Nadler, Steven. 2020. Think Least of Death: Spinoza on How to Live and How to Die. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Namazi, Mohammad Reza. 2001. “Avicenna, 980–1037.” American Journal of Psychiatry 158 (11): 1796. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1796.

Piercey, Robert. 2003. “Doing Philosophy Historically.” The Review of Metaphysics 56 (4): 779–800. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20131899.

Plato. (1888) 2017. The Republic. Translated by Benjamin Jowett. 3rd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press; Project Gutenberg. https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55201.

Putnam, Hilary. 1997. “On Negative Theology.” Faith and Philosophy 14 (4): 407–422. https://doi.org/10.5840/faithphil199714442.

Robinson, George. 2000. Essential Judaism: A Complete Guide to Beliefs, Customs, and Rituals. New York: Pocket Books.

Sandman, Maj, ed. 1938. Texts from the Time of Akhenaten. Brussels: Édition de la Fondation Égyptologique Reine Élisabeth.

Seeskin, Kenneth. 2017. Review of Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed: A Philosophical Guide, by Alfred L. Ivry. Journal of the History of Philosophy 55 (2): 345–346. https://doi.org/10.1353/hph.2017.0034.

Smith, Justin E. H. 2016. The Philosopher: A History in Six Types. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Sumner, Claude. 1999. “The Significance of Zera Yacob’s Philosophy.” Ultimate Reality and Meaning 22 (3):172–188. https://doi.org/10.3138/uram.22.3.172.

Tahiri, Hassan. 2016. Mathematics and the Mind: An Introduction into Ibn Sīnā’s Theory of Knowledge. Cham: Springer.

Van Norden, Bryan W. 2017. Taking Back Philosophy: A Multicultural Manifesto. New York: Columbia University Press.

Wisnovsky, Robert. 2005. “Avicenna and the Avicennian Tradition.” In The Cambridge Companion to Arabic Philosophy, edited by Peter Adamson and Richard C. Taylor, 92–136. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521817439.006.

Yacob, Zera. 1976. Hatata. Translated by Claude Sumner. In Ethiopian Philosophy, by Claude Sumner. Vol. 2, The Treatise of Zar’a Yaeqob and of Walda Heywat: Text and Authorship. Addis Ababa: Commercial Printing Press.

Citation/Attribution

This book may not be used in the training of large language models or otherwise be ingested into large language models or generative AI offerings without OpenStax's permission.

Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Creative Commons Attribution License and you must attribute OpenStax.

Attribution information
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, then you must include on every physical page the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-philosophy/pages/1-introduction
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-philosophy/pages/1-introduction
Citation information

© Mar 1, 2024 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written consent of Rice University.