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Introduction to Philosophy

Review Questions

Introduction to PhilosophyReview Questions

11.1 Historical Perspectives on Government

1 .
What are the four virtues that Plato thinks the state should be founded upon?
2 .
What is the definition of a citizen, according to Aristotle?
3 .
Why was China’s Warring States era also known as the “hundred schools of thought” period?
4 .
Why is Mohism considered one of the earliest forms of consequentialism?
5 .
What are some of the similarities between Plato’s republic and Al-Farabi’s cities of excellence?

11.2 Forms of Government

6 .
What is the difference between absolute and constitutional monarchy?
7 .
What led to the formation of constitutional monarchies?
8 .
How do ideas about social class or castes inform different forms of government?
9 .
What is the ultimate goal of totalitarian regimes, according to Hannah Arendt?

11.3 Political Legitimacy and Duty

10 .
What is the state of nature, according to Thomas Hobbes?
11 .
Identify Max Weber’s three sources of legitimacy.
12 .
What is normative legitimacy?
13 .
What role does the concept of ahimsa play in politics, according to Gandhi?

11.4 Political Ideologies

14 .
What does John Stuart Mill consider to be real freedom?
15 .
What does negative liberty mean in the political sense?
16 .
What two principles does John Rawls say should govern society?
17 .
What is the focus of egalitarian movements?
18 .
Where do anarchists believe disorder comes from?
19 .
Why does Karl Marx believe workers are alienated from their labor?
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