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Introduction to Computer Science

Key Terms

Introduction to Computer ScienceKey Terms

Key Terms

Android Studio
official IDE for Android development
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX)
exchanges small amounts of data between a client and server
cascading style sheets (CSS)
standard style sheet language used to alter the presentation style of the web data content found in HTML
decentralized Apps (DApps)
applications that execute smart contracts and run over distributed ledger technology
Django project
high-level directory used to contain the directories and files necessary to run a Django web application
Ethereum blockchain
creates a secure peer-to-peer network through the use of smart contracts
Firebase
app development platform and a collection of services for authenticating users, integrating ads, running A/B tests, and more
full node
computer that maintains a copy of the blockchain and runs blockchain software
gas price
cost of validating transactions and updating ledgers
GraphQL
open-source query and manipulation language
hypertext markup language (HTML)
standard markup language used to describe the structure and content of web data
JavaScript (JS)
scripting language that adds interactivity to web content and server-side functionality
JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
file format that represents data as text-based attribute-value information
Jetpack Compose
toolkit for building native user interfaces
loose coupling
component in a software system that has a weak association with the other components
Metro bundler
bundles the JavaScript code that is deployed on the mobile device or emulator when the React Native front-end application is successfully created
Moore’s law
states that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit doubles roughly every two years
Node
JavaScript runtime environment that provides users with the tools to develop web applications, as well as servers, scripts, and command-line tools
non-fungible token (NFT)
unique digital identifier on a blockchain
optimistic rollup
protocol that increases transaction output by bundling multiple transactions into batches, which are processed off-chain
peer-to-peer (P2P) network
one in which devices connect and can share data and processing without needing a centralized server
Postman
API platform testing tool that can be used as a client
React
JavaScript library popular to build user interfaces
React Native
open-source JavaScript framework used to build native applications for mobile devices
Semantic Web
system of autonomous agents, which are software programs that respond to events
serializer
tool to control response outputs and convert complex data into content, such as JSON
sidechain
secondary blockchain that aggregates blocks back to the main blockchain
Solidity
high-level, object-oriented language focused on the implementation of smart contracts
stateful application
software and system that maintains the state of an application over time
stateless application
state is not maintained by the system and previous actions do not impact future ones
Truffle Framework
popular suite of tools used to develop smart contracts
View
presentation layer that handles the user interface
Web 1.0
phase of the Web where the user’s interaction was limited primarily to reading and selecting web pages
web page
document commonly written in HTML and viewed in a browser
web publishing
also called online publishing; is for publishing content on the Web
web server
software application that runs at a known URL and responds to HTTP requests
World Wide Web (the Web)
started as a way to link content (primarily text and images) stored on different servers or machines
Xcode
Apple’s IDE that enables application development for Apple’s platforms
zero-knowledge rollup (zk-rollup)
protocol that bundles transactions into batches that are executed off the mainnet
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