Key Terms

1.1 Building a Nervous System

neuron, glia, DNA, mRNA, nucleus, neurotransmitters, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, soma, axon, dendrite, afferent, efferent, interneurons,dendritic spines, axon hillock, axon collaterals, axon terminals, synapse, synaptic cleft, neuroglandular junction, neuromuscular junction, astrocytes, microglia, phagocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cell, myelin, immunofluorescence, Golgi stain, GFP

1.2 Organization of the Nervous System

neural nets, ganglia, nerve cord, bilateral, radial symmetry, centralization, cephalization, central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS), nerves, nuclei, tracts, gray matter, white matter, meninges, dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater, cerebrospinal fluid, lateral ventricles, third and fourth ventricles, central canal, cerebral aqueduct, arachnoid villi, venous sinuses, anterior cerebral, middle, cerebral and posterior cerebral arteries, basilar artery, vertebral artery, blood-brain barrier, neural circuit, reflex arc

1.3 The Central Nervous System: CNS

retina, dorsal, ventral, superior, inferior, neuraxis, anterior, posterior, rostral, caudal, medial, ipsilateral, contralateral, coronal, saggital, horizontal, cerebral cortex, ectoderm, neural plate, neural tube, prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon, telencephalon, diencephalon, metencephalon, myelencephalon, cauda equina, dermatome, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx, dorsal horn, ventral horn, dorsal root, ventral root, ascending and descending tracts

1.4 The Brain: Structure and Function

cerebral hemispheres, cerebral cortex, corpus callosum, cerebral nuclei, gyri, fissures, sulci, longitudinal fissure, frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital lobes, motor cortex, brain stem, prefrontal cortex, central sulcus, proprioception, Sylvian fissure, cerebral commissures, basal ganglia, limbic system, hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, fornix, septum, olfactory bulb, caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, thalamus, hypothalamus, lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), brainstem, reticular formation, midbrain, tectum, tegmentum, substantia nigra, red nucleus, ventral tegmental area (VTA), pons, medulla, vagus nerve, cerebellum, vermis, Broca's area, Wernicke's area, forebrain vocal nuclei, PET, CT, MRI, fMRI

1.5 The Peripheral Nervous System: PNS

sensory ganglia, autonomic ganglia, somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, enteric nervous system