Review Questions

Which statement is true?

1. A virion contains DNA and RNA.
2. Viruses are acellular.
3. Viruses replicate outside of the cell.
4. Most viruses are easily visualized with a light microscope.

The viral ________ plays a role in attaching a virion to the host cell.

1. core
2. capsid
3. envelope
4. both b and c

Which statement is true of viral replication?

1. In the process of apoptosis, the cell survives.
2. During attachment, the virus attaches at specific sites on the cell surface.
3. The viral capsid helps the host cell produce more copies of the viral genome.
4. mRNA works outside of the host cell to produce enzymes and proteins.

Which of the following is a barrier against pathogens provided by the skin?

1. low pH
2. mucus
3. tears
4. cilia

Although interferons have several effects, they are particularly useful against infections with which type of pathogen?

1. bacteria
2. viruses
3. fungi
4. helminths

Which innate immune system component uses MHC class I molecules directly in its defense strategy?

1. macrophages
2. neutrophils
3. NK cells
4. interferon

The humoral immune response depends on which cells?

1. T_C cells
2. B cells
3. B and T_H cells
4. T_C and T_H cells

The fact that the body does not normally mount an immune response to the molecules in food is an example of _______.

1. secondary immune response
2. immunological memory
3. immune tolerance
4. passive immunity

Foreign particles circulating in the blood are filtered by the ____________.

1. spleen
2. lymph nodes
3. MALT
4. lymph

Allergy to pollen is classified as ________.

1. an autoimmune reaction
2. immunodeficiency
3. delayed hypersensitivity
4. immediate hypersensitivity

A potential cause of acquired autoimmunity is ________.

1. tissue hypersensitivity
2. molecular mimicry
3. histamine release
4. radiation exposure

Autoantibodies are probably involved in ________.

1. reactions to poison ivy
2. pollen allergies
3. systemic lupus erythematosus
4. HIV/AIDS