Review Questions

When faced with a sudden drop in environmental temperature, an endothermic animal will ________.

1. experience a drop in its body temperature
2. wait to see if it goes lower
3. increase muscle activity to generate heat
4. add fur or fat to increase insulation

How are wastes carried to the kidney for removal?

1. in cells
2. in the urine
3. in blood
4. in interstitial fluid

What is the cause of a fever of 38.3 °C (101 °F)?

1. too much heat produced by the body
2. upward adjustment of the body temperature set point
3. inadequate cooling mechanisms in the body
4. the heat caused by a viral or bacterial infection

Where does the majority of fat digestion take place?

1. mouth
2. stomach
3. small intestine
4. large intestine

The bile from the liver is delivered to the ________.

1. stomach
2. liver
3. small intestine
4. colon

Which of the following statements is not true?

1. Essential nutrients can be synthesized by the body.
2. Vitamins are required in small quantities for bodily function.
3. Some amino acids can be synthesized by the body, while others need to be obtained from diet.
4. Vitamins come in two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble.

The respiratory system ________.

1. provides body tissues with oxygen
2. provides body tissues with oxygen and carbon dioxide
3. establishes how many breaths are taken per minute
4. provides the body with carbon dioxide

Which is the order of airflow during inhalation?

1. nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
2. nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
3. nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli
4. nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Where does the right ventricle send blood?

1. the head
2. the upper body
3. the lungs
4. the lower body

During the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, the heart is ________.

1. contracting
2. relaxing
3. contracting and relaxing
4. filling with blood

How do arteries differ from veins?

1. Arteries have thicker wall layers to accommodate the changes in pressure from the heart.
2. Arteries carry blood.
3. Arteries have thinner wall layers and valves and move blood by the action of skeletal muscle.
4. Arteries are thin walled and are used for gas exchange.

Most of the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary perform what function?

1. regulate growth
2. regulate the sleep cycle
3. regulate production of other hormones
4. regulate blood volume and blood pressure

What is the function of the hormone erythropoietin?

1. stimulates production of red blood cells
2. stimulates muscle growth
3. causes the fight-or-flight response
4. causes testosterone production

Which endocrine glands are associated with the kidneys?

1. thyroid glands
2. pituitary glands
3. adrenal glands
4. gonads

Among other bones, the axial skeleton includes the ________.

1. thoracic cage and vertebral column
2. thoracic cage and pectoral girdle
3. skull and pelvic girdle
4. pectoral and pelvic girdles

The pectoral girdle supports the ________.

1. arms
2. legs
3. skull
4. thoracic cage

Which component is responsible for initially stimulating a muscle contraction?

1. proteins
2. electrochemical signals
3. plasma membranes
4. striations

What kind of muscle tissue is found surrounding the urinary bladder?

1. cardiac
2. skeletal
3. striated
4. smooth

Neurons contain _________, which can receive signals from other neurons.

1. axons
2. mitochondria
3. dendrites
4. Golgi bodies

The part of the brain that is responsible for coordination during movement is the ______.

1. limbic system
2. thalamus
3. cerebellum
4. parietal lobe

Which part of the nervous system directly controls the digestive system?

1. parasympathetic nervous system
2. central nervous system
3. spinal cord
4. sensory-somatic nervous system