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College Physics

Glossary

College PhysicsGlossary

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deformation: change in shape due to the application of force

drag force: $F_{D}$ , found to be proportional to the square of the speed of the object; mathematically
$F_{D} \propto v^{2}$

$F_{D} = \frac{1}{2} Cρ {Av}^{2},$
where $C$ is the drag coefficient, $A$ is the area of the object facing the fluid, and $ρ$ is the density of the fluid

friction: a force that opposes relative motion or attempts at motion between systems in contact

Hooke’s law: proportional relationship between the force $F$ on a material and the deformation $Δ L$ it causes, $F = k Δ L$

kinetic friction: a force that opposes the motion of two systems that are in contact and moving relative to one another

magnitude of kinetic friction: $f_{k} = μ_{k} N$ , where $μ_{k}$ is the coefficient of kinetic friction

magnitude of static friction: $f_{s} \leq μ_{s} N$ , where $μ_{s}$ is the coefficient of static friction and $N$ is the magnitude of the normal force

shear deformation: deformation perpendicular to the original length of an object

static friction: a force that opposes the motion of two systems that are in contact and are not moving relative to one another

Stokes’ law: $F_{s} = 6 πrηv$ , where $r$ is the radius of the object, $η$ is the viscosity of the fluid, and $v$ is the object’s velocity

strain: ratio of change in length to original length

stress: ratio of force to area

tensile strength: the breaking stress that will cause permanent deformation or fraction of a material

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- Authors: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
- Publisher/website: OpenStax
- Book title: College Physics
- Publication date: Jun 21, 2012
- Location: Houston, Texas
- Book URL: https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/1-introduction-to-science-and-the-realm-of-physics-physical-quantities-and-units
- Section URL: https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/5-glossary

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