Chapter 33

$3\times {\text{10}}^{-\text{39}}\text{s}$

$1\text{.}\text{99}\times {\text{10}}^{-\text{16}}\text{m}(0\text{.}2\text{fm})$

(a) ${\text{10}}^{-\text{11}}$ to 1, weak to EM

(b) 1 to 1

(a) $2\text{.}\text{09}\times {\text{10}}^{-5}\text{s}$

(b) $4\text{.}\text{77}\times {\text{10}}^4\text{Hz}$

78.0 cm

$1\text{.}\text{40}\times {\text{10}}^6$

100 GeV

67.5 MeV

(a) $1\times {\text{10}}^{\text{14}}$

(b) $2\times {\text{10}}^{\text{17}}$

(a) $\text{1671 MeV}$

(b) $\begin{array}{c}Q=\mathrm{1,}Q\prime =1+0+0=1.L_{\tau }=-\mathrm{1;}L\prime \tau =-\mathrm{1;}L\mu =\mathrm{0;}L\prime \mu =-1+1=0\end{array}$

(c) $\begin{array}{l}{\tau }^{-}\to {\mu }^{-}+v_{\mu }+{\overline{v}}_{\tau }\\ \Rightarrow {\mu }^{-}\text{ antiparticle of }{\mu }^{+}\mathrm{; }{v}_{\mu }\text{ of }{\overline{v}}_{\mu }\mathrm{; }{\overline{v}}_{\tau }\text{ of }{v}_{\tau }\end{array}$

(a) 3.9 eV

(b) $2\text{.}9\times {\text{10}}^{-8}$

(a) The $\text{uud}$ composition is the same as for a proton.

(b) $3\text{.}3\times {\text{10}}^{-\text{24}}\text{s}$

(c) Strong (short lifetime)

a) ${\text{Δ}}^{\text{++}}(\text{uuu});B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=1$

b)

(a) $+1$

(b) $B=1=1+\mathrm{0, }Z==0+(-1)$, all lepton numbers are 0 before and after

(c) $(\text{sss})\to (\text{uds})+\left(\stackrel{-}{u}s\right)$

(a) $(u\stackrel{-}{u}+d\overline{d})\to (u\stackrel{-}{u}+d\overline{d})+(u\stackrel{-}{u}+d\overline{d})$

(b) 277.9 MeV

(c) 547.9 MeV

No. $\text{Charge}=-1$ is conserved. $L_{e_{\text{i}}}=0\ne L_{e_{\text{f}}}=2$ is not conserved. $L_{\mu }=1$ is conserved.

(a)Yes. $Z=-1=0+(-1)$, $B=1=1+0$, all lepton family numbers are 0 before and after, spontaneous since mass greater before reaction.

(b) $\text{dds}\to \text{udd}+\stackrel{-}{u}d$

(a) 216

(b) There are more baryons observed because we have the 6 antiquarks and various mixtures of quarks (as for the π-meson) as well.

$\begin{array}{l}{\Omega }^{+}(\stackrel{-}{s}\stackrel{-}{s}\stackrel{-}{s})\\ B=-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3}=-\mathrm{1,}\\ L_e,\mu ,\tau =0+0+0=\mathrm{0,}\\ Q=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=\mathrm{1,}\\ S=1+1+1=3\text{.}\end{array}$

(a)803 MeV

(b) 938.8 MeV

(c) The annihilation energy of an extra electron is included in the total energy.

$c\overline{d}$

a)The antiproton

b) $\stackrel{-}{p}\to {\pi }^0+e^{-}$

(a) $5\times {\text{10}}^{\text{10}}$

(b) $5\times {\text{10}}^4{\text{particles/m}}^2$

$2.5\times {\text{10}}^{-\text{17}}\text{m}$

(a) 33.9 MeV

(b) Muon antineutrino 29.8 MeV, muon 4.1 MeV (kinetic energy)

(a) $7\text{.}2\times {\text{10}}^5\text{kg}$

(b) $7\text{.}2\times {\text{10}}^2{\text{m}}^3$

(c) $\text{100 months}$

(a) $2(1.67\times {10}^{-27}\text{ kg)}=3.34\times {10}^{-27}\text{ kg}$

(b) $3.34\times {10}^{-27}{(3.00\times {10}^8)}^2\text{ joules}=3.01\times {10}^{-10}\text{ joules}$

(c) $3.01\times {10}^{-10}\text{ joules}$

(d) The proton has a positive charge, and the antiproton has a negative charge.

(d)

(d)

(b)

(a)

(c), though this comes from Einstein's special relativity

(a)

(d)

(b)

(b)